记录一次ORA-600 4000数据库故障恢复

ORA-600[4000]错误
一朋友数据库因为当前redo丢失,在恢复的过程中启动报ORA-600[4000]错误

SMON: enabling cache recovery
Thu May 30 16:24:17 2013
Errors in file /u02/oracle/app/oracle/admin/xifenfei/udump/xifenfei1_ora_1458370.trc:
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [4000], [83], [], [], [], [], [], []
Thu May 30 16:24:19 2013
Errors in file /u02/oracle/app/oracle/admin/xifenfei/udump/xifenfei1_ora_1458370.trc:
ORA-00704: bootstrap process failure
ORA-00704: bootstrap process failure
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [4000], [83], [], [], [], [], [], []
Thu May 30 16:24:19 2013
Error 704 happened during db open, shutting down database
USER: terminating instance due to error 704
Instance terminated by USER, pid = 1458370
ORA-1092 signalled during: alter database open resetlogs...

分析trace文件

*** 2013-05-30 16:24:17.979
ksedmp: internal or fatal error
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [4000], [83], [], [], [], [], [], []
Current SQL statement for this session:
select ctime, mtime, stime from obj$ where obj# = :1
--确定是obj$对象异常,通过某种手段找到obj$的objid和dataobjid均为16,对应16进制为12

Block header dump:  0x0040007a
 Object id on Block? Y
 seg/obj: 0x12  csc: 0xc1e.a329e76f  itc: 1  flg: -  typ: 1 - DATA
     fsl: 0  fnx: 0x0 ver: 0x01
 
 Itl           Xid                  Uba         Flag  Lck        Scn/Fsc
0x01   0x0053.02a.000598bd  0x0d407e46.4f52.2f  --U-    1  fsc 0x0000.a329e772

这里比较明显obj$对象在rdba为0040007a的block上,scn为0c1e.a329e76f(13325725984623)且未提交的事务,这样的现象就决定了处理的特殊性(不是因为块延迟清理导致访问undo现象,该现象直接推进scn解决,而该情况不行)

数据文件头scn

SQL> SELECT DISTINCT CHECKPOINT# FROM V$DATAFILE_HEADER;

    CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#
-------------------------
           13324676536960

bbed查看文件头scn

   struct kcvfhckp, 160 bytes               @484     
      struct kcvcpscn, 8 bytes              @484     
         ub4 kscnbas                        @484      0x649c9a80
         ub2 kscnwrp                        @488      0x0c1e

这里看到的文件头scn也是为13324676536960(0c1e.649c9a80)和sql查询结果一致,也就是说数据库中的obj$的某个对象含有事务,且scn大于文件头scn(因为当前redo丢失,无法前滚,所以出现该情况),当数据库访问obj$的时候,为了事务的一致性,就需要访问undo(这里提示为83 回滚段),而undo异常,所以smon进程回滚失败,数据库无法正常启动

使用bbed提交事务

BBED> map
 File: /oradata/sys/xifenfei/system01.dbf (1)
 Block: 122                                   Dba:0x0040007a
------------------------------------------------------------
 KTB Data Block (Table/Cluster)

 struct kcbh, 20 bytes                      @0       

 struct ktbbh, 48 bytes                     @20      

 struct kdbh, 14 bytes                      @68      

 struct kdbt[1], 4 bytes                    @82      

 sb2 kdbr[108]                              @86      

 ub1 freespace[802]                         @302     

 ub1 rowdata[7084]                          @1104    

 ub4 tailchk                                @8188    


BBED> p ktbbh
struct ktbbh, 48 bytes                      @20      
   ub1 ktbbhtyp                             @20       0x01 (KDDBTDATA)
   union ktbbhsid, 4 bytes                  @24      
      ub4 ktbbhsg1                          @24       0x00000012
      ub4 ktbbhod1                          @24       0x00000012
   struct ktbbhcsc, 8 bytes                 @28      
      ub4 kscnbas                           @28       0xa329e76f
      ub2 kscnwrp                           @32       0x0c1e
   b2 ktbbhict                              @36       1
   ub1 ktbbhflg                             @38       0x02 (NONE)
   ub1 ktbbhfsl                             @39       0x00
   ub4 ktbbhfnx                             @40       0x00000000
   struct ktbbhitl[0], 24 bytes             @44      
      struct ktbitxid, 8 bytes              @44      
         ub2 kxidusn                        @44       0x0053
         ub2 kxidslt                        @46       0x002a
         ub4 kxidsqn                        @48       0x000598bd
      struct ktbituba, 8 bytes              @52      
         ub4 kubadba                        @52       0x0d407e46
         ub2 kubaseq                        @56       0x4f52
         ub1 kubarec                        @58       0x2f
      ub2 ktbitflg                          @60       0x2001 (KTBFUPB)<--需要提交
      union _ktbitun, 2 bytes               @62      
         b2 _ktbitfsc                       @62       0
         ub2 _ktbitwrp                      @62       0x0000
      ub4 ktbitbas                          @64       0xa329e772

BBED> set count 32
        COUNT           32

BBED> set offset 60
        OFFSET          60

BBED> d
 File: /oradata/sys/xifenfei/system01.dbf (1)
 Block: 122              Offsets:   60 to   91           Dba:0x0040007a
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 20010000 a329e772 0001006c ffff00ea 040c0368 03680000 006c1f7c 1f3c1efb 

 <32 bytes per line>

BBED> m /x 8001
 File: /oradata/sys/xifenfei/system01.dbf (1)
 Block: 122              Offsets:   60 to   91           Dba:0x0040007a
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 80010000 a329e772 0001006c ffff00ea 040c0368 03680000 006c1f7c 1f3c1efb 

 <32 bytes per line>

BBED> sum apply
Check value for File 1, Block 122:
current = 0xafd6, required = 0xafd6

尝试open数据库ORA-600[2662]解决

Thu May 30 21:16:00 2013
Errors in file /u02/oracle/app/oracle/admin/xifenfei/bdump/xifenfei1_smon_819664.trc:
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments:[2662],[3102],[2737532996],[3102],[2745973074],[4194397],[],[]
Non-fatal internal error happenned while SMON was doing non-existent object cleanup.
SMON encountered 1 out of maximum 100 non-fatal internal errors.
Thu May 30 21:16:01 2013
Trace dumping is performing id=[cdmp_20130530211601]
Thu May 30 21:16:02 2013
Errors in file /u02/oracle/app/oracle/admin/xifenfei/bdump/xifenfei1_smon_819664.trc:
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments:[2662],[3102],[2737532997],[3102],[2745973074],[4194397],[],[]
Thu May 30 21:16:03 2013
Non-fatal internal error happenned while SMON was doing logging scn->time mapping.
SMON encountered 2 out of maximum 100 non-fatal internal errors.
Thu May 30 21:16:05 2013
Errors in file /u02/oracle/app/oracle/admin/xifenfei/bdump/xifenfei1_smon_819664.trc:
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments:[2662],[3102],[2737532997],[3102],[2745973074],[4194397],[],[]
Thu May 30 21:16:08 2013
Errors in file /u02/oracle/app/oracle/admin/xifenfei/bdump/xifenfei1_pmon_958764.trc:
ORA-00474: SMON process terminated with error
Thu May 30 21:16:08 2013
PMON: terminating instance due to error 474

数据库在open过程中遇到大量ORA-00600[2662],这个是因为数据库中文件头的scn小于访问的数据块scn导致该问题,解决方法推荐scn,如果数据库的scn本身就很大(和时间理论scn较接近),推进过程中可能遇到如下错误,这个时候就需要选择合适的方法/合适的值来推进scn

SQL> startup pfile=/home/oracle/pfile force
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 5.5835E+10 bytes
Fixed Size                  2177056 bytes
Variable Size            3.2867E+10 bytes
Database Buffers         2.2951E+10 bytes
Redo Buffers               14598144 bytes
Database mounted.
ORA-01052: required destination LOG_ARCHIVE_DUPLEX_DEST is not specified

后面的工作因为没有redo前滚,而且该库故障时有大量事务在跑,现在无法前滚,导致大量的undo回滚段异常,index和data不一致等故障,需要做的就是屏蔽undo seg,重建undo,重建库