Monthly Archives: 十一月 2011

ORA-00845: MEMORY_TARGET not supported on this system

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在Oracle 11g中如果采用AMM内存管理，那么当MEMORY_TARGET的值大于/dev/shm的时候，就会报ORA-00845: MEMORY_TARGET not supported on this system错误，解决办法增加/dev/shm大小，在redhat系列系统中，/dev/shm的默认值是系统总内存的一半

1、错误重现

SQL>SELECT *  FROM V$VERSION;
 
BANNER
——————————————————————————–
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 – Production
PL/SQL Release 11.2.0.3.0 – Production
CORE    11.2.0.3.0      Production
TNS for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 – Production
NLSRTL Version 11.2.0.3.0 – Production
 
SQL>show parameter memory;
 
NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
———————————— ———– ——————————
hi_shared_memory_address             integer     0
memory_max_target                    big integer 500M
memory_target                        big integer 500M
shared_memory_address                integer     0
SQL>alter system set memory_max_target=800m;
alter system set memory_max_target=800m
                 *
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-02095: specified initialization parameter cannot be modified
 
 
SQL>alter system set memory_max_target=800m scope=spfile;
 
System altered.
 
SQL>alter system set memory_target=800m scope=spfile; 
 
System altered.
 
SQL>shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL>exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 – Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
[oracle@xifenfei admin]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
 
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Sat Nov 5 19:01:18 2011
 
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
 
Connected to an idle instance.
 
SQL>startup
ORA-00845: MEMORY_TARGET not supported on this system
SQL>!oerr ora 845
00845, 00000, "MEMORY_TARGET not supported on this system"
// *Cause: The MEMORY_TARGET parameter was not supported on this operating system or /dev/shm was not sized correctly on Linux.
// *Action: Refer to documentation for a list of supported operating systems. Or, size /dev/shm to be at least the SGA_MAX_SIZE on each Oracle instance running on the system.

2、修改/dev/shm大小

[root@xifenfei ~]# df -h
Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg_xifenfei-lv_root
                       17G   13G  3.9G  77% /
tmpfs                 590M     0  590M   0% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1             485M   30M  430M   7% /boot
[root@xifenfei ~]# mount -o size=900M -o nr_inodes=1000000 -o noatime,nodiratime -o remount /dev/shm
[root@xifenfei ~]# df -h
Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg_xifenfei-lv_root
                       17G   13G  3.9G  77% /
tmpfs                 900M     0  900M   0% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1             485M   30M  430M   7% /boot
[root@xifenfei ~]# vi /etc/fstab 
 
 
#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Sat Nov  5 02:49:30 2011
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
/dev/mapper/vg_xifenfei-lv_root /                       ext4    defaults        1 1
UUID=7ace6c04-d232-43ac-9ef5-70ea92fe49bd /boot                   ext4    defaults        1 2
/dev/mapper/vg_xifenfei-lv_swap swap                    swap    defaults        0 0
tmpfs                   /dev/shm                tmpfs   defaults,size=900M        0 0
devpts                  /dev/pts                devpts  gid=5,mode=620  0 0
sysfs                   /sys                    sysfs   defaults        0 0
proc                    /proc                   proc    defaults        0 0

3、启动数据库验证

[oracle@xifenfei admin]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
 
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Sat Nov 5 19:03:51 2011
 
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
 
 
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 – Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
 
sys@XFF>show parameter memory;
 
NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
———————————— ———– ——————————
hi_shared_memory_address             integer     0
memory_max_target                    big integer 800M
memory_target                        big integer 800M
shared_memory_address                integer     0

4、官方解释
Starting with Oracle Database 11g, the Automatic Memory Management feature requires more shared memory (/dev/shm)and file descriptors. The size of the shared memory should be at least the greater of MEMORY_MAX_TARGET and MEMORY_TARGET for each Oracle instance on the computer. If MEMORY_MAX_TARGET or MEMORY_TARGET is set to a non zero value, and an incorrect size is assigned to the shared memory, it will result in an ORA-00845 error at startup.

5、解决问题建议
5.1. If you are installing Oracle 11g on a Linux system, note that Memory Size (SGA and PGA), which sets the initialization parameter MEMORY_TARGET or MEMORY_MAX_TARGET, cannot be greater than the shared memory filesystem (/dev/shm) on your operating system. To resolve the current error, increase the /dev/shm file size.

5.2. If configuring AMM is not possible due to lack of space on /dev/shm mount point, you can configure ASMM instead of AMM, i.e. set SGA_TARGET, SGA_MAX_SIZE and PGA_AGGREGATE_TARGET instead of MEMORY_TARGET.

RedHat 6.1安装Oracle 11.2.0.3

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一、操作系统版本
[root@xifenfei stage]# cat /etc/redhat-release
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.1 (Santiago)
[root@xifenfei stage]# uname -a
Linux xifenfei 2.6.32-131.0.15.el6.i686 #1 SMP Tue May 10 15:42:28 EDT 2011 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux

二、安装数据库版本（安装后之后贴出来的）
[oracle@xifenfei database]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Sat Nov 5 05:50:34 2011

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 – Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL> select * from v$version;

BANNER
——————————————————————————–
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 – Production
PL/SQL Release 11.2.0.3.0 – Production
CORE    11.2.0.3.0      Production
TNS for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 – Production
NLSRTL Version 11.2.0.3.0 – Production

三、系统配置
1、检查相应的rpm包的情况(等于或者高于下面版本）
rpm –qa | grep pagename(grep是搜索)
binutils-2.17.50.0.6
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3 (32 bit)
elfutils-libelf-0.125
elfutils-libelf-devel-0.125
gcc-4.1.2
gcc-c++-4.1.2
glibc-2.5-24
glibc-2.5-24 (32 bit)
glibc-common-2.5
glibc-devel-2.5
glibc-devel-2.5 (32 bit)
glibc-headers-2.5
ksh-20060214
libaio-0.3.106
libaio-0.3.106 (32 bit)
libaio-devel-0.3.106
libaio-devel-0.3.106 (32 bit)
libgcc-4.1.2
libgcc-4.1.2 (32 bit)
libstdc++-4.1.2
libstdc++-4.1.2 (32 bit)
libstdc++-devel 4.1.2
make-3.81
numactl-devel-0.9.8.x86_64
sysstat-7.0.2
unixODBC-2.2.11
unixODBC-2.2.11 (32 bit)
unixODBC-devel-2.2.11
unixODBC-devel-2.2.11 (32 bit)
pdksh-5.2.14-1 –这个包需要下载，安装前需要卸载掉ksh-20100621-6.el6包
rpm –e rpm -e ksh-20100621-6.el6

安装缺少的rpm包
rpm –ivh pagename(根据提示，如果缺少依赖包，也需要加上去)

2、添加组和用户
/usr/sbin/groupadd oinstall（添加oinstall组）
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 502 dba（添加dba组）
/usr/sbin/useradd -u 502 -g oinstall -G dba oracle（添加用户oracle，主组oinstall，辅助组dba）
passwd oracle（修改oracle用户密码）

3、创建文件夹并修改组和用户所属关系和相关权限
mkdir -p /opt/oracle(创建文件u01/oracle)
chown -R oracle:oinstall /opt/oracle(使得/opt/oracle文件夹输入oracle用户和oinstall组)
chmod -R 775 /opt/oracle(修改u01文件夹访问权限)—可选（最好执行下）

4、添加/etc/hosts中dns解析信息
192.168.1.60                xifenfei

5、在/etc/security/limits.conf中添加用户限制信息
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle hard stack 10240

6、修改或者添加/etc/sysctl.conf中信息
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 1048576
kernel.shmmax = 4294967295
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048586
net.ipv4.tcp_wmem = 262144 262144 262144
net.ipv4.tcp_rmem = 4194304 4194304 4194304

注意注释掉
# Disable netfilter on bridges.
#net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 0
#net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 0
#net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-arptables = 0
—/sbin/sysctl –p（重新加载这些参数，不用重启系统）

7、编辑vi /etc/profile
if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
   if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ];    then
     ulimit -p 16384
     ulimit -n 65536
   else
     ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
   fi
fi
–注意空格，在用户切换时使用su – username，这样才会加载后面的环境变量的配置信息（不要使用su username切换）

8、配置环境变量
在oracle用户下的.bash_profile文件中添加下面信息
ORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracle
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/oracle
ORACLE_SID=xff
PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK
export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID PATH NLS_LANG

四、安装过程
1、执行 runInstaller –注意路径，选择只安装数据库软件
2、执行 netca 创建监听
3、执行 dbca 创建数据库

Oracle 10.2.0.x升级到11.2.0.3

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一、环境描述
[oracle@node1 ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=chf
[oracle@node1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
 
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.5.0 – Production on Fri Nov 4 08:59:58 2011
 
Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle.  All Rights Reserved.
 
 
Connected to:
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5.0 – 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
 
SQL> show parameter name;
 
NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
———————————— ———– ——————————
db_file_name_convert                 string
db_name                              string      chf
db_unique_name                       string      chf
global_names                         boolean     FALSE
instance_name                        string      chf
lock_name_space                      string
log_file_name_convert                string
service_names                        string      chf
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5.0 – 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
[oracle@node1 ~]$ source .bash_profile 
[oracle@node1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
 
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.5.0 – Production on Fri Nov 4 09:01:25 2011
 
Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle.  All Rights Reserved.
 
 
Connected to:
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5.0 – 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
 
SQL> show parameter name;
 
NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
———————————— ———– ——————————
db_file_name_convert                 string
db_name                              string      ecp
db_unique_name                       string      ecp
global_names                         boolean     FALSE
instance_name                        string      ecp
lock_name_space                      string
log_file_name_convert                string
service_names                        string      ecp
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5.0 – 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
 
[oracle@node1 ~]$ source ora11g.sh 
[oracle@node1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
 
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Fri Nov 4 09:00:42 2011
 
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
 
 
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 – 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Oracle Label Security, OLAP, Data Mining,
Oracle Database Vault and Real Application Testing options
 
SQL> show parameter name;
 
NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
———————————— ———– ——————————
db_file_name_convert                 string
db_name                              string      ora11g
db_unique_name                       string      ora11g
global_names                         boolean     FALSE
instance_name                        string      ora11g
lock_name_space                      string
log_file_name_convert                string
processor_group_name                 string
service_names                        string      ora11g
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 – 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Oracle Label Security, OLAP, Data Mining,
Oracle Database Vault and Real Application Testing options

通过上面的资料可以看出，Oracle 10g中有两个实例分别是chf和ecp，Oracle 11g中有一个实例为ora11g，现在需要做的操作是升级Oracle 10g中的chf为11g


二、升级过程
1、执行11g中的dbua

[oracle@node1 ~]$ export DISPLAY=192.168.9.215:0.0
[oracle@node1 ~]$ dbua


选择需要升级数据库，这里选择chf

升级前可能存在问题，需要处理

Oracle Database Vault没有关闭(关闭后重新运行dbua），具体操作见:Disable/Enable Oracle Database Vault

相关选项

因为em配置需要监听，因为我不用em，所以忽略这些

提示升级间关闭归档

选择升级过程中是否移动数据文件和存储类型


dbua升级汇总

开始升级

提示em没有关闭，因为不用，不管它，最好是升级前关闭这些


升级完成

三、检查结果

[oracle@node1 ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=chf
[oracle@node1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
 
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Fri Nov 4 11:07:27 2011
 
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
 
 
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 – 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Oracle Label Security, OLAP, Data Mining
and Real Application Testing options
 
SQL> show parameter name;
 
NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
———————————— ———– ——————————
db_file_name_convert                 string
db_name                              string      chf
db_unique_name                       string      chf
global_names                         boolean     FALSE
instance_name                        string      chf
lock_name_space                      string
log_file_name_convert                string
processor_group_name                 string
service_names                        string      chf

SQL> select * from v$version;
 
BANNER
——————————————————————————–
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 – 64bit Production
PL/SQL Release 11.2.0.3.0 – Production
CORE    11.2.0.3.0      Production
TNS for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 – Production
NLSRTL Version 11.2.0.3.0 – Production

四、Oracle 10.2.0.5升级到11.2.0.3过程
1、在Oracle 10.2.0.5数据库所在的服务器上安装11.2.0.3数据库软件
2、在11.2.0.3的环境变量下，执行dbua，执行图形化数据库升级操作
3、后续工作：修改spfile中的compatible等操作

Disable/Enable Oracle Database Vault

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一、Disable Oracle Database Vault 

[oracle@node1 ~]$ sqlplus sys/xifenfei@ora11g as sysdba
 
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.5.0 – Production on Fri Nov 4 09:09:00 2011
 
Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle.  All Rights Reserved.
 
 
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 – 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Oracle Label Security, OLAP, Data Mining,
Oracle Database Vault and Real Application Testing options
 
SQL> col parameter for a30
SQL> col value for a10
SQL> SELECT * FROM V$OPTION WHERE PARAMETER = 'Oracle Database Vault';
 
PARAMETER                      VALUE
—————————— ———-
Oracle Database Vault          TRUE
 
SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 – 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Oracle Label Security, OLAP, Data Mining,
Oracle Database Vault and Real Application Testing options
 
[oracle@node1 ~]$ emctl stop dbconsole
[oracle@node1 ~]$ lsnrctl stop
[oracle@node1 ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/lib
[oracle@node1 lib]$ pwd
/opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/lib
[oracle@node1 lib]$ make -f ins_rdbms.mk dv_off ioracle
/usr/bin/ar d /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/lib/libknlopt.a kzvidv.o
/usr/bin/ar cr /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/lib/libknlopt.a /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/lib/kzvndv.o 
chmod 755 /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin
 
 – Linking Oracle 
rm -f /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/lib/oracle
gcc  -o /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/lib/oracle -m64 -L/opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/lib/ -L/opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/lib/ -L/opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/lib/stubs/   -Wl,-E /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/lib/opimai.o /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/lib/ssoraed.o /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/lib/ttcsoi.o  -Wl,–whole-archive -lperfsrv11 -Wl,–no-whole-archive /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/lib/nautab.o /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/lib/naeet.o /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/lib/naect.o /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/lib/naedhs.o /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/lib/config.o  -lserver11 -lodm11 -lcell11 -lnnet11 -lskgxp11 -lsnls11 -lnls11  -lcore11 -lsnls11 -lnls11 -lcore11 -lsnls11 -lnls11 -lxml11 -lcore11 -lunls11 -lsnls11 -lnls11 -lcore11 -lnls11 -lclient11  -lvsn11 -lcommon11 -lgeneric11 -lknlopt `if /usr/bin/ar tv /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/lib/libknlopt.a | grep xsyeolap.o > /dev/null 2>&1 ; then echo "-loraolap11" ; fi` -lslax11 -lpls11  -lrt -lplp11 -lserver11 -lclient11  -lvsn11 -lcommon11 -lgeneric11 `if [ -f /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/lib/libavserver11.a ] ; then echo "-lavserver11" ; else echo "-lavstub11"; fi` `if [ -f /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/lib/libavclient11.a ] ; then echo "-lavclient11" ; fi` -lknlopt -lslax11 -lpls11  -lrt -lplp11 -ljavavm11 -lserver11  -lwwg  `cat /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/lib/ldflags`    -lncrypt11 -lnsgr11 -lnzjs11 -ln11 -lnl11 -lnro11 `cat /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/lib/ldflags`    -lncrypt11 -lnsgr11 -lnzjs11 -ln11 -lnl11 -lnnz11 -lzt11 -lmm -lsnls11 -lnls11  -lcore11 -lsnls11 -lnls11 -lcore11 -lsnls11 -lnls11 -lxml11 -lcore11 -lunls11 -lsnls11 -lnls11 -lcore11 -lnls11 -lztkg11 `cat /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/lib/ldflags`    -lncrypt11 -lnsgr11 -lnzjs11 -ln11 -lnl11 -lnro11 `cat /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/lib/ldflags`    -lncrypt11 -lnsgr11 -lnzjs11 -ln11 -lnl11 -lnnz11 -lzt11   -lsnls11 -lnls11  -lcore11 -lsnls11 -lnls11 -lcore11 -lsnls11 -lnls11 -lxml11 -lcore11 -lunls11 -lsnls11 -lnls11 -lcore11 -lnls11 `if /usr/bin/ar tv /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/lib/libknlopt.a | grep "kxmnsd.o" > /dev/null 2>&1 ; then echo " " ; else echo "-lordsdo11"; fi` -L/opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/ctx/lib/ -lctxc11 -lctx11 -lzx11 -lgx11 -lctx11 -lzx11 -lgx11 -lordimt11 -lclsra11 -ldbcfg11 -lhasgen11 -lskgxn2 -lnnz11 -lzt11 -lxml11 -locr11 -locrb11 -locrutl11 -lhasgen11 -lskgxn2 -lnnz11 -lzt11 -lxml11  -loraz -llzopro -lorabz2 -lipp_z -lipp_bz2 -lippdcemerged -lippsemerged -lippdcmerged  -lippsmerged -lippcore  -lippcpemerged -lippcpmerged  -lsnls11 -lnls11  -lcore11 -lsnls11 -lnls11 -lcore11 -lsnls11 -lnls11 -lxml11 -lcore11 -lunls11 -lsnls11 -lnls11 -lcore11 -lnls11 -lsnls11 -lunls11  -lsnls11 -lnls11  -lcore11 -lsnls11 -lnls11 -lcore11 -lsnls11 -lnls11 -lxml11 -lcore11 -lunls11 -lsnls11 -lnls11 -lcore11 -lnls11 -lasmclnt11 -lcommon11 -lcore11 -laio    `cat /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/lib/sysliblist` -Wl,-rpath,/opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/lib -lm    `cat /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/lib/sysliblist` -ldl -lm   -L/opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/lib
test ! -f /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/oracle ||\
           mv -f /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/oracle /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/oracleO
mv /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/lib/oracle /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/oracle
chmod 6751 /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/oracle
 
[oracle@node1 lib]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
 
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Fri Nov 4 09:21:39 2011
 
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
 
Connected to an idle instance.
 
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
 
Total System Global Area 2137886720 bytes
Fixed Size                  2230072 bytes
Variable Size            1241516232 bytes
Database Buffers          889192448 bytes
Redo Buffers                4947968 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> col parameter for a30
SQL> col value for a10
SQL> SELECT * FROM V$OPTION WHERE PARAMETER = 'Oracle Database Vault';
 
PARAMETER                      VALUE
—————————— ———-
Oracle Database Vault          FALSE

二、Enable Oracle Database Vault 

[oracle@node1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
 
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Fri Nov 4 12:50:40 2011
 
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
 
 
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 – 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Oracle Label Security, OLAP, Data Mining
and Real Application Testing options
 
SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 – 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Oracle Label Security, OLAP, Data Mining
and Real Application Testing options
[oracle@node1 ~]$  cd $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/lib
[oracle@node1 lib]$  make -f ins_rdbms.mk dv_on lbac_on ioracle
/usr/bin/ar d /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/lib/libknlopt.a kzvndv.o
/usr/bin/ar cr /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/lib/libknlopt.a /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/lib/kzvidv.o 
/usr/bin/ar cr /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/lib/libknlopt.a /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/lib/kzlilbac.o 
chmod 755 /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin
 
 – Linking Oracle 
rm -f /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/lib/oracle
gcc  -o /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/lib/oracle -m64 -L/opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/lib/ -L/opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/lib/ -L/opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/lib/stubs/   -Wl,-E /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/lib/opimai.o /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/lib/ssoraed.o /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/lib/ttcsoi.o  -Wl,–whole-archive -lperfsrv11 -Wl,–no-whole-archive /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/lib/nautab.o /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/lib/naeet.o /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/lib/naect.o /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/lib/naedhs.o /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/lib/config.o  -lserver11 -lodm11 -lcell11 -lnnet11 -lskgxp11 -lsnls11 -lnls11  -lcore11 -lsnls11 -lnls11 -lcore11 -lsnls11 -lnls11 -lxml11 -lcore11 -lunls11 -lsnls11 -lnls11 -lcore11 -lnls11 -lclient11  -lvsn11 -lcommon11 -lgeneric11 -lknlopt `if /usr/bin/ar tv /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/lib/libknlopt.a | grep xsyeolap.o > /dev/null 2>&1 ; then echo "-loraolap11" ; fi` -lslax11 -lpls11  -lrt -lplp11 -lserver11 -lclient11  -lvsn11 -lcommon11 -lgeneric11 `if [ -f /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/lib/libavserver11.a ] ; then echo "-lavserver11" ; else echo "-lavstub11"; fi` `if [ -f /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/lib/libavclient11.a ] ; then echo "-lavclient11" ; fi` -lknlopt -lslax11 -lpls11  -lrt -lplp11 -ljavavm11 -lserver11  -lwwg  `cat /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/lib/ldflags`    -lncrypt11 -lnsgr11 -lnzjs11 -ln11 -lnl11 -lnro11 `cat /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/lib/ldflags`    -lncrypt11 -lnsgr11 -lnzjs11 -ln11 -lnl11 -lnnz11 -lzt11 -lmm -lsnls11 -lnls11  -lcore11 -lsnls11 -lnls11 -lcore11 -lsnls11 -lnls11 -lxml11 -lcore11 -lunls11 -lsnls11 -lnls11 -lcore11 -lnls11 -lztkg11 `cat /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/lib/ldflags`    -lncrypt11 -lnsgr11 -lnzjs11 -ln11 -lnl11 -lnro11 `cat /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/lib/ldflags`    -lncrypt11 -lnsgr11 -lnzjs11 -ln11 -lnl11 -lnnz11 -lzt11   -lsnls11 -lnls11  -lcore11 -lsnls11 -lnls11 -lcore11 -lsnls11 -lnls11 -lxml11 -lcore11 -lunls11 -lsnls11 -lnls11 -lcore11 -lnls11 `if /usr/bin/ar tv /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/lib/libknlopt.a | grep "kxmnsd.o" > /dev/null 2>&1 ; then echo " " ; else echo "-lordsdo11"; fi` -L/opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/ctx/lib/ -lctxc11 -lctx11 -lzx11 -lgx11 -lctx11 -lzx11 -lgx11 -lordimt11 -lclsra11 -ldbcfg11 -lhasgen11 -lskgxn2 -lnnz11 -lzt11 -lxml11 -locr11 -locrb11 -locrutl11 -lhasgen11 -lskgxn2 -lnnz11 -lzt11 -lxml11  -loraz -llzopro -lorabz2 -lipp_z -lipp_bz2 -lippdcemerged -lippsemerged -lippdcmerged  -lippsmerged -lippcore  -lippcpemerged -lippcpmerged  -lsnls11 -lnls11  -lcore11 -lsnls11 -lnls11 -lcore11 -lsnls11 -lnls11 -lxml11 -lcore11 -lunls11 -lsnls11 -lnls11 -lcore11 -lnls11 -lsnls11 -lunls11  -lsnls11 -lnls11  -lcore11 -lsnls11 -lnls11 -lcore11 -lsnls11 -lnls11 -lxml11 -lcore11 -lunls11 -lsnls11 -lnls11 -lcore11 -lnls11 -lasmclnt11 -lcommon11 -lcore11 -laio    `cat /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/lib/sysliblist` -Wl,-rpath,/opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/lib -lm    `cat /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/lib/sysliblist` -ldl -lm   -L/opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/lib
test ! -f /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/oracle ||\
           mv -f /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/oracle /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/oracleO
mv /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/lib/oracle /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/oracle
chmod 6751 /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/oracle
[oracle@node1 lib]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
 
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Fri Nov 4 12:52:51 2011
 
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
 
Connected to an idle instance.
 
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
 
Total System Global Area  622149632 bytes
Fixed Size                  2230912 bytes
Variable Size             201328000 bytes
Database Buffers          411041792 bytes
Redo Buffers                7548928 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
 
SQL> col parameter for a30
SQL> col value for a10    
SQL> SELECT * FROM V$OPTION WHERE PARAMETER = 'Oracle Database Vault';
 
PARAMETER                      VALUE
—————————— ———-
Oracle Database Vault          TRUE
 
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 – 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Oracle Label Security, OLAP, Data Mining,
Oracle Database Vault and Real Application Testing options
 
[oracle@node1 lib]$ lsnrctl start
[oracle@node1 lib]$ emctl start dbconsole

三、Oracle Database Vault启用关闭总机
1、关闭实例/EM/监听
2、修改Oracle Database Vault
   cd $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/lib
   make -f ins_rdbms.mk dv_off ioracle  –关闭
   make -f ins_rdbms.mk dv_on lbac_on ioracle  –开启
3、开启实例/EM/监听

Linux之pmap命令

Posted on by
观察数据库发现，ora_dbw进程占用内存非常高，感觉很奇怪，然后询问高手，通过pmap命令发现，该进程是几乎具有了整个sga的句柄，所以显示占用的内存非常大，其实自己私有的很小

[oracle@DB1 ~]$ top -c
 
top – 23:06:02 up 553 days, 21:46,  1 user,  load average: 0.62, 0.58, 0.47
Tasks: 365 total,   1 running, 364 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
Cpu(s):  0.7%us,  0.3%sy,  0.0%ni, 98.3%id,  0.5%wa,  0.0%hi,  0.2%si,  0.0%st
Mem:  24666528k total, 24504356k used,   162172k free,     9192k buffers
Swap: 24579440k total,  3864056k used, 20715384k free, 18728188k cached
 
  PID USER      PR  NI  VIRT  RES  SHR S %CPU %MEM    TIME+  COMMAND                                                                                         
 2270 oracle    15  -1 20.1g 1.1g 1.1g S  2.7  4.7 147:10.01 oracleora9i (LOCAL=NO)                                                                          
 4334 oracle    14  -1 20.1g 1.7g 1.7g S  1.3  7.4   3:08.38 oracleora9i (LOCAL=NO)                                                                          
 5491 oracle    15  -1 20.2g  14g  14g S  1.3 62.1 699:54.55 ora_dbw1_ora9i                                                                                  
 9682 oracle    15   0 12868 1296  820 R  1.3  0.0   0:00.14 top -c                                                                                          
18552 oracle    14  -1 20.1g 1.7g 1.7g S  1.3  7.2   2:43.74 oracleora9i (LOCAL=NO)                                                                          
29977 oracle    14  -1 20.1g 2.1g 2.1g S  1.3  9.1   4:50.87 oracleora9i (LOCAL=NO) 
 
SQL> show parameter sga;
 
NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
———————————— ———– ——————————
lock_sga                             boolean     FALSE
pre_page_sga                         boolean     FALSE
sga_max_size                         big integer 20G
sga_target                           big integer 20G
 
[oracle@DB1 ~]$ pmap 
Usage: pmap [-x | -d] [-q] pid…
-x  show details
-d  show offset and device number
-q  quiet; less header/footer info
-V  show the version number
 
[oracle@DB1 ~]$ pmap -d 5491
5491:   ora_dbw1_ora9i
Address           Kbytes Mode  Offset           Device    Mapping
0000000000400000  100412 r-x– 0000000000000000 008:00005 oracle
000000000680f000     544 rwx– 000000000620f000 008:00005 oracle
0000000006897000     148 rwx– 0000000006897000 000:00000   [ anon ]
000000001f2f7000     596 rwx– 000000001f2f7000 000:00000   [ anon ]
0000000060000000 20971520 rwxs- 0000000000000000 000:00009   [ shmid=0x0 ]
0000000580000000    2048 rwxs- 0000000000000000 000:00009   [ shmid=0x8001 ]
0000003b44a00000     112 r-x– 0000000000000000 008:00001 ld-2.5.so
……
00002b293c72b000      64 rwx– 0000000000000000 000:00011 zero
00002b293c73b000      64 rwx– 0000000000000000 000:00011 zero
00002b293c74b000      64 rwx– 0000000000000000 000:00011 zero
00002b293c75b000    3840 —– 0000000000b2a000 000:00011 zero
00007fff710f7000      84 rwx– 00007ffffffea000 000:00000   [ stack ]
ffffffffff600000    8192 —– 0000000000000000 000:00000   [ anon ]
mapped: 21145976K    writeable/private: 19316K    shared: 20973572K
 
[oracle@DB1 ~]$ pmap -x 5491
5491:   ora_dbw1_ora9i
Address           Kbytes     RSS    Anon  Locked Mode   Mapping
0000000000400000  100412       –       –       – r-x–  oracle
000000000680f000     544       –       –       – rwx–  oracle
0000000006897000     148       –       –       – rwx–    [ anon ]
000000001f2f7000     596       –       –       – rwx–    [ anon ]
0000000060000000 20971520       –       –       – rwxs-    [ shmid=0x0 ]
0000000580000000    2048       –       –       – rwxs-    [ shmid=0x8001 ]
……
00002b293c73b000      64       –       –       – rwx–  zero
00002b293c74b000      64       –       –       – rwx–  zero
00002b293c75b000    3840       –       –       – —–  zero
00007fff710f7000      84       –       –       – rwx–    [ stack ]
ffffffffff600000    8192       –       –       – —–    [ anon ]
—————-  ——  ——  ——  ——
total kB        21145976       –       –       –
 
Address:进程所占的地址空间
Kbytes 该虚拟段的大小
RSS 设备号（主设备：次设备）
Anon 设备的节点号，0表示没有节点与内存相对应
Locked 是否允许swapped
Mode 权限：r=read, w=write, x=execute, s=shared, p=private(copy on write)
Mapping: bash 对应的映像文件名