1.买个闹钟，以便按时叫醒你。
自贪睡和不守时，都将成为你工作和事业上的绊脚石，任何时候都一样。不仅要学会准时，更要学会提前。就如你坐车去某地，沿途的风景很美，你忍不住下车看一看，后来虽然你还是赶到了某地，却不是准时到达。“闹钟”只是一种简单的标志和提示，真正灵活、实用的时间，掌握在每个人的心中。
2.如果你不喜欢现在的工作，要么辞职不干，要么就闭嘴不言。
初出茅庐，往往眼高手低，心高气傲，大事做不了，小事不愿做。不要养成挑三拣四的习惯。不要雨天烦打伞，不带伞又怕淋雨，处处表现出不满的情绪。记住，不做则已，要做就要做好。
3.每个人都有孤独的时候。
要学会忍受孤独，这样才会成熟起来。年轻人嘻嘻哈哈、打打闹闹惯了，到了一个陌生的环境，面对形形色色的人和事，一下子不知所措起来，有时连一个可以倾心说话的地方也没有。这时，千万别浮躁，学会静心，学会忍受孤独。在孤独中思考，在思考中成熟，在成熟中升华。不要因为寂寞而乱了方寸，而去做无聊无益的事情，白白浪费了宝贵的时间。
4.走运时要做好倒霉的准备。
有一天，一只狐狸走到一个葡萄园外，看见里面水灵灵的葡萄垂涎欲滴。可是外面有栅栏挡着，无法进去。于是它一狠心绝食三日，减肥之后，终于钻进葡萄园内饱餐一顿。当它心满意足地想离开葡萄园时，发觉自己吃得太饱，怎么也钻不出栅栏了。相信任何人都不愿做这样的狐狸。退路同样重要。饱带干粮，晴带雨伞，点滴积累，水到渠成。有的东西今天似乎一文不值，但有朝一日也许就会身价百倍。
5.不要像玻璃那样脆弱。
有的人眼睛总盯着自己，所以长不高看不远；总是喜欢怨天尤人，也使别人无比厌烦。没有苦中苦，哪来甜中甜？不要像玻璃那样脆弱，而应像水晶一样透明，太阳一样辉煌，腊梅一样坚强。既然睁开眼睛享受风的清凉，就不要埋怨风中细小的沙粒。
6.管住自己的嘴巴。
不要谈论自己，更不要议论别人。谈论自己往往会自大虚伪，在名不副实中失去自己。议论别人往往陷入鸡毛蒜皮的是非口舌中纠缠不清。每天下班后和你的那些同事朋友喝酒聊天可不是件好事，因为，这中间往往会把议论同事、朋友当做话题。背后议论人总是不好的，尤其是议论别人的短处，这些会降低你的人格。
7.机会从不会“失掉”，你失掉了，自有别人会得到。
不要凡事在天，守株待兔，更不要寄希望于“机会”。机会只不过是相对于充分准备而又善于创造机会的人而言的。也许，你正为失去一个机会而懊悔、埋怨的时候，机会正被你对面那个同样的“倒霉鬼”给抓住了。没有机会，就要创造机会，有了机会，就要巧妙地抓住。
8.若电话老是不响，你该打出去。
很多时候，电话会给你带来意想不到的收获，它不是花瓶，仅仅成为一种摆设。交了新朋友，别忘了老朋友，朋友多了路好走。交际的一大诀窍就是主动。好的人缘好的口碑，往往助你的事业更上一个台阶。
9.千万不要因为自己已经到了结婚年龄而草率结婚。
想结婚，就要找一个能和你心心相印、相辅相携的伴侣。不要因为放纵和游戏而恋爱，不要因为恋爱而影响工作和事业，更不要因一桩草率而失败的婚姻而使人生受阻。感情用事往往会因小失大。
10.写出你一生要做的事情，把单子放在皮夹里，经常拿出来看。
人生要有目标，要有计划，要有提醒，要有紧迫感。一个又一个小目标串起来，就成了你一生的大目标。生活富足了，环境改善了，不要忘了皮夹里那张看似薄薄的单子。
Author Archives: 惜分飞
ogg中Time Since Chkpt显示unknown解决
1、异常现象
[oracle@localhost ~]$ ggsci Oracle GoldenGate Command Interpreter for Oracle Version 11.1.1.0.0 Build 078 Linux, x64, 64bit (optimized), Oracle 10 on Jul 28 2010 13:21:11 Copyright (C) 1995, 2010, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. GGSCI (localhost.localdomain) 1> info all Program Status Group Lag Time Since Chkpt MANAGER RUNNING EXTRACT RUNNING EXT-ECP 00:00:00 unknown EXTRACT RUNNING EXT-EDS 00:00:00 unknown EXTRACT RUNNING EXT-XZ 00:00:00 unknown EXTRACT RUNNING P-EDS 00:00:00 unknown EXTRACT RUNNING P-XZ 00:00:00 unknown REPLICAT RUNNING REP-BOS 00:00:00 unknown
2、尝试关闭异常进程重启
GGSCI (localhost.localdomain) 2> stop * Sending STOP request to EXTRACT EXT-ECP ... ERROR: sending message to EXTRACT EXT-ECP (Timeout waiting for message). Sending STOP request to EXTRACT EXT-EDS ... ERROR: sending message to EXTRACT EXT-EDS (Timeout waiting for message). Sending STOP request to EXTRACT EXT-XZ ... ERROR: sending message to EXTRACT EXT-XZ (Timeout waiting for message). Sending STOP request to EXTRACT P-EDS ... ERROR: sending message to EXTRACT P-EDS (Timeout waiting for message). Sending STOP request to EXTRACT P-XZ ... ERROR: sending message to EXTRACT P-XZ (Timeout waiting for message). Sending STOP request to REPLICAT REP-BOS ... ERROR: sending message to REPLICAT REP-BOS (Timeout waiting for message). GGSCI (localhost.localdomain) 3> stop mgr! Sending STOP request to MANAGER ... Request processed. Manager stopped. GGSCI (localhost.localdomain) 4> info all Program Status Group Lag Time Since Chkpt MANAGER STOPPED EXTRACT RUNNING EXT-ECP 00:00:00 unknown EXTRACT RUNNING EXT-EDS 00:00:00 unknown EXTRACT RUNNING EXT-XZ 00:00:00 unknown EXTRACT RUNNING P-EDS 00:00:00 unknown EXTRACT RUNNING P-XZ 00:00:00 unknown REPLICAT RUNNING REP-BOS 00:00:00 unknown GGSCI (localhost.localdomain) 5> kill EXT-ECP ERROR: Manager not currently running. GGSCI (localhost.localdomain) 6> kill EXT-EDS ERROR: Manager not currently running. GGSCI (localhost.localdomain) 7> info all Program Status Group Lag Time Since Chkpt MANAGER STOPPED EXTRACT RUNNING EXT-ECP 00:00:00 unknown EXTRACT RUNNING EXT-EDS 00:00:00 unknown EXTRACT RUNNING EXT-XZ 00:00:00 unknown EXTRACT RUNNING P-EDS 00:00:00 unknown EXTRACT RUNNING P-XZ 00:00:00 unknown REPLICAT RUNNING REP-BOS 00:00:00 unknown GGSCI (localhost.localdomain) 8> exit --使用stop 进程，stop mgr，kill 进程都不能正常关闭这些进程
3、系统系统级别kill相关ogg进程
[oracle@localhost OGG]$ ps -ef|grep /opt/OGG oracle 7479 1 0 Nov10 ? 00:03:31 /opt/OGG/extract PARAMFILE /opt/OGG/dirprm/ext-ecp.prm REPORTFILE /opt/OGG/dirrpt/EXT-ECP.rpt PROCESSID EXT-ECP USESUBDIRS oracle 7480 1 0 Nov10 ? 00:02:30 /opt/OGG/extract PARAMFILE /opt/OGG/dirprm/ext-eds.prm REPORTFILE /opt/OGG/dirrpt/EXT-EDS.rpt PROCESSID EXT-EDS USESUBDIRS oracle 7482 1 0 Nov10 ? 00:03:07 /opt/OGG/extract PARAMFILE /opt/OGG/dirprm/ext-xz.prm REPORTFILE /opt/OGG/dirrpt/EXT-XZ.rpt PROCESSID EXT-XZ USESUBDIRS oracle 7483 1 0 Nov10 ? 00:00:01 /opt/OGG/extract PARAMFILE /opt/OGG/dirprm/p-eds.prm REPORTFILE /opt/OGG/dirrpt/P-EDS.rpt PROCESSID P-EDS USESUBDIRS oracle 7485 1 0 Nov10 ? 00:00:03 /opt/OGG/replicat PARAMFILE /opt/OGG/dirprm/rep-bos.prm REPORTFILE /opt/OGG/dirrpt/REP-BOS.rpt PROCESSID REP-BOS USESUBDIRS oracle 7518 1 0 Nov10 ? 00:00:01 ./server -p 7847 -k -l /opt/OGG/ggserr.log oracle 7677 1 0 Nov10 ? 00:00:15 /opt/OGG/extract PARAMFILE /opt/OGG/dirprm/p-xz.prm REPORTFILE /opt/OGG/dirrpt/P-XZ.rpt PROCESSID P-XZ USESUBDIRS oracle 25261 25112 0 12:48 pts/1 00:00:00 grep /opt/OGG [oracle@localhost OGG]$ kill -9 7479 7480 7482 7483 7485 7518 7677 [oracle@localhost OGG]$ ps -ef|grep /opt/OGG oracle 25264 25112 0 12:48 pts/1 00:00:00 grep /opt/OGG
4、重启所有ogg进程
[oracle@localhost OGG]$ ggsci Oracle GoldenGate Command Interpreter for Oracle Version 11.1.1.0.0 Build 078 Linux, x64, 64bit (optimized), Oracle 10 on Jul 28 2010 13:21:11 Copyright (C) 1995, 2010, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. GGSCI (localhost.localdomain) 1> info all Program Status Group Lag Time Since Chkpt MANAGER STOPPED EXTRACT ABENDED EXT-ECP 00:00:00 unknown EXTRACT ABENDED EXT-EDS 00:00:00 unknown EXTRACT ABENDED EXT-XZ 00:00:00 unknown EXTRACT ABENDED P-EDS 00:00:00 unknown EXTRACT ABENDED P-XZ 00:00:00 unknown REPLICAT ABENDED REP-BOS 00:00:00 unknown --进程状态还是异常 GGSCI (localhost.localdomain) 2> start mgr Manager started. GGSCI (localhost.localdomain) 3> info all Program Status Group Lag Time Since Chkpt MANAGER RUNNING EXTRACT RUNNING EXT-ECP 00:00:00 unknown EXTRACT RUNNING EXT-EDS 00:00:00 unknown EXTRACT RUNNING EXT-XZ 00:00:00 unknown EXTRACT RUNNING P-EDS 00:00:00 unknown EXTRACT RUNNING P-XZ 00:00:00 unknown REPLICAT RUNNING REP-BOS 00:00:00 unknown --进程起来了，但是Time Since Chkpt还是不正确 GGSCI (localhost.localdomain) 4> stop ext-ecp Sending STOP request to EXTRACT EXT-ECP ... Request processed. GGSCI (localhost.localdomain) 5> info all Program Status Group Lag Time Since Chkpt MANAGER RUNNING EXTRACT STOPPED EXT-ECP unknown 00:00:02 EXTRACT RUNNING EXT-EDS 00:00:00 unknown EXTRACT RUNNING EXT-XZ 00:00:00 unknown EXTRACT RUNNING P-EDS 00:00:00 unknown EXTRACT RUNNING P-XZ 00:00:00 unknown REPLICAT RUNNING REP-BOS 00:00:00 unknown --关闭EXT-ECP测试，状态正常 GGSCI (localhost.localdomain) 6> start ext-ecp Sending START request to MANAGER ... EXTRACT EXT-ECP starting GGSCI (localhost.localdomain) 7> info all Program Status Group Lag Time Since Chkpt MANAGER RUNNING EXTRACT RUNNING EXT-ECP unknown 00:00:14 EXTRACT RUNNING EXT-EDS 00:00:00 unknown EXTRACT RUNNING EXT-XZ 00:00:00 unknown EXTRACT RUNNING P-EDS 00:00:00 unknown EXTRACT RUNNING P-XZ 00:00:00 unknown REPLICAT RUNNING REP-BOS 00:00:00 unknown --Lag异常，等待恢复 GGSCI (localhost.localdomain) 8> stop ext-eds Sending STOP request to EXTRACT EXT-EDS ... Recovery is not complete. This normal stop will wait and checkpoint recovery's work when recovery has finished. To force Extract to stop now, use the SEND EXTRACT EXT-EDS, FORCESTOP command. --因为恢复没有完成导致该提示，可以忽略，等待 GGSCI (localhost.localdomain) 9> info all Program Status Group Lag Time Since Chkpt MANAGER RUNNING EXTRACT RUNNING EXT-ECP unknown 00:00:02 EXTRACT STOPPED EXT-EDS 01:51:12 00:00:01 EXTRACT RUNNING EXT-IM 00:00:00 1059:44:26 EXTRACT RUNNING EXT-XZ 00:00:00 unknown EXTRACT RUNNING P-EDS 00:00:00 unknown EXTRACT RUNNING P-XZ 00:00:00 unknown REPLICAT RUNNING REP-BOS 00:00:00 unknown GGSCI (localhost.localdomain) 10> start ext-eds Sending START request to MANAGER ... EXTRACT EXT-EDS starting GGSCI (localhost.localdomain) 11> info all Program Status Group Lag Time Since Chkpt MANAGER RUNNING EXTRACT RUNNING EXT-ECP 99:53:02 00:00:01 EXTRACT RUNNING EXT-EDS 01:51:12 00:00:10 EXTRACT RUNNING EXT-XZ 00:00:00 unknown EXTRACT RUNNING P-EDS 00:00:00 unknown EXTRACT RUNNING P-XZ 00:00:00 unknown REPLICAT RUNNING REP-BOS 00:00:00 00:00:00 GGSCI (localhost.localdomain) 12> stop ext-xz Sending STOP request to EXTRACT EXT-XZ ... Request processed. GGSCI (localhost.localdomain) 13> start ext-xz Sending START request to MANAGER ... EXTRACT EXT-XZ starting GGSCI (localhost.localdomain) 15> stop p-eds Sending STOP request to EXTRACT P-EDS ... Request processed. GGSCI (localhost.localdomain) 16> start p-eds Sending START request to MANAGER ... EXTRACT P-EDS starting GGSCI (localhost.localdomain) 17> stop p-xz Sending STOP request to EXTRACT P-XZ ... Request processed. GGSCI (localhost.localdomain) 18> start p-xz Sending START request to MANAGER ... EXTRACT P-XZ starting GGSCI (localhost.localdomain) 19> info all Program Status Group Lag Time Since Chkpt MANAGER RUNNING EXTRACT RUNNING EXT-ECP 00:00:00 00:00:01 EXTRACT RUNNING EXT-EDS 00:00:00 00:00:10 EXTRACT RUNNING EXT-IM 00:00:00 1059:45:28 EXTRACT RUNNING EXT-XZ 00:00:00 00:00:07 EXTRACT RUNNING P-EDS 00:00:00 00:00:04 EXTRACT RUNNING P-XZ 00:00:00 00:00:05 REPLICAT RUNNING REP-BOS 00:00:00 00:00:05 --重启所有异常进程，ogg工作正常 GGSCI (localhost.localdomain) 20>
5、总结处理步骤
强制关闭mgr,系统级别kill相关ogg进程,开启ogg主进程,重启相关进程
pl/sql的定义者与调用者
一、执行的schema不同，操作的对象也不同
C:\Users\XIFENFEI>sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on 星期日 11月 20 20:39:06 20
Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle. All rights reserved.
连接到:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Productio
With the Partitioning, Oracle Label Security, OLAP, Data Mining,
Oracle Database Vault and Real Application Testing options
SQL> create user xffa identified by xifenfei;
用户已创建。
SQL> grant connect,resource to xffa;
授权成功。
SQL> create user xffb identified by xifenfei;
用户已创建。
SQL> grant connect,resource to xffb;
授权成功。
SQL> conn xffa/xifenfei
已连接。
xffa>create table tmp(str varchar2(50));
表已创建。
xffa>insert into tmp values
2 ('my name is xffa');
已创建 1 行。
xffa>commit;
提交完成。
xffa>create or replace procedure definer_proc as
2 begin
3 for x in (select sys_context('userenv', 'current_user') current_user,
4 sys_context('userenv', 'session_user') session_user,
5 sys_context('userenv', 'current_schema') current_sch
ema,
6 str
7 from tmp) loop
8 dbms_output.put_line('Current User: ' || x.current_user);
9 dbms_output.put_line('Session User: ' || x.session_user);
10 dbms_output.put_line('Current Schema: ' || x.current_schema);
11 dbms_output.put_line('Tables Value: ' || x.str);
12 end loop;
13 end;
14 /
过程已创建。
xffa>create or replace procedure invoker_proc AUTHID CURRENT_USER as
2 begin
3 for x in (select sys_context('userenv', 'current_user') current_user,
4 sys_context('userenv', 'session_user') session_user,
5 sys_context('userenv', 'current_schema') current_sch
ema,
6 str
7 from tmp) loop
8 dbms_output.put_line('Current User: ' || x.current_user);
9 dbms_output.put_line('Session User: ' || x.session_user);
10 dbms_output.put_line('Current Schema: ' || x.current_schema);
11 dbms_output.put_line('Tables Value: ' || x.str);
12 end loop;
13 end;
14 /
过程已创建。
xffa>grant execute on definer_proc to xffb;
授权成功。
xffa>grant execute on invoker_proc to xffb;
授权成功。
xffa>set serveroutput on
xffa>exec definer_proc;
Current User: XFFA
Session User: XFFA
Current Schema: XFFA
Tables Value: my name is xffa
PL/SQL 过程已成功完成。
xffa>exec invoker_proc;
Current User: XFFA
Session User: XFFA
Current Schema: XFFA
Tables Value: my name is xffa
PL/SQL 过程已成功完成。
xffa>conn xffb/xifenfei
已连接。
xffb>exec xffa.definer_proc;
PL/SQL 过程已成功完成。
xffb>set serveroutput on
xffb>exec xffa.definer_proc;
Current User: XFFA
Session User: XFFB
Current Schema: XFFA
Tables Value: my name is xffa
PL/SQL 过程已成功完成。
--除了session是当前用户的，其他都是这个过程所属用户
xffb>exec xffa.invoker_proc;
BEGIN xffa.invoker_proc; END;
*
第 1 行出现错误:
ORA-00942: 表或视图不存在
ORA-06512: 在 "XFFA.INVOKER_PROC", line 3
ORA-06512: 在 line 1
--根据这个提示，很容易知道是tmp表不存在，也就是说明这个没有调用xffa.tmp表
xffb>create table tmp(str varchar2(50));
表已创建。
xffb>insert into tmp values
2 ('my name is xffb');
已创建 1 行。
xffb>commit;
提交完成。
xffb>exec xffa.invoker_proc;
Current User: XFFB
Session User: XFFB
Current Schema: XFFB
Tables Value: my name is xffb
PL/SQL 过程已成功完成。
--这个可以看出当时调用者的时候，执行的完全是当前用户下面的对象
在定义者(definer)权限下，执行的用户操作的schema为定义者，所操作的对象是定义者在编译时指定的对象。
在调用者(invoker)权限下，执行的用户操作的schema为当前用户，所操作的对象是当前模式下的对象。
二、执行的权限不同
xffb>create or replace procedure createtbl_definer as
2 begin
3 execute immediate 'create table xff_definer (id number)';
4 end;
5 /
过程已创建。
xffb>create or replace procedure createtbl_invoker AUTHID CURRENT_USER as
2 begin
3 execute immediate 'create table xff_invoker (id number)';
4 end;
5 /
xffb>grant execute on createtbl_definer to xffa;
授权成功。
xffb>grant execute on createtbl_invoker to xffa;
授权成功。
xffb>exec createtbl_definer;
BEGIN createtbl_definer; END;
*
第 1 行出现错误:
ORA-01031: 权限不足
ORA-06512: 在 "XFFB.CREATETBL_DEFINER", line 3
ORA-06512: 在 line 1
--提示权限不足，很明显是缺少创建表的权限
xffb>exec createtbl_invoker;
PL/SQL 过程已成功完成。
xffb>desc xff_invoker;
名称 是否为空? 类型
----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------
ID NUMBER
--调用者创建成功
xffb>conn xffa/xifenfei
已连接。
xffa>exec xffb.createtbl_definer;
BEGIN xffb.createtbl_definer; END;
*
第 1 行出现错误:
ORA-01031: 权限不足
ORA-06512: 在 "XFFB.CREATETBL_DEFINER", line 3
ORA-06512: 在 line 1
--定义者同样提示没有权限创建表，通过1中的试验，我们知道
--定义者执行的这个过程定义者的对象，也就是说，是因为xffb无权创建表导致该提示
xffa>exec xffb.createtbl_invoker;
PL/SQL 过程已成功完成。
xffa>desc xff_invoker;
名称 是否为空? 类型
----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------
ID NUMBER
xffa>conn / as sysdba
已连接。
SQL>select owner,table_name from dba_tables where table_name=upper('xff_invoker');
OWNER TABLE_NAME
------------------------------ ------------------------------
XFFB XFF_INVOKER
XFFA XFF_INVOKER
--xffa用户执行成功，并且在自己的schema下面创建了表，证明了1的正确
SQL>GRANT CREATE TABLE TO XFFB;
授权成功。
SQL>conn xffb/xifenfei
已连接。
xffb>exec createtbl_definer;
PL/SQL 过程已成功完成。
xffb>desc xff_definer;
名称 是否为空? 类型
----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------
ID NUMBER
--说明直接授权是的定义者操作成功，但是角色(resource)不能使其操作成功
xffb>conn xffa/xifenfei
已连接。
xffa>exec xffb.createtbl_definer;
BEGIN xffb.createtbl_definer; END;
*
第 1 行出现错误:
ORA-00955: 名称已由现有对象使用
ORA-06512: 在 "XFFB.CREATETBL_DEFINER", line 3
ORA-06512: 在 line 1
--因为定义者执行的是过程创建者的对象，因为XFFB.CREATETBL_DEFINER已经创建成功
在定义者(definer)权限下，当前用户的权限为角色无效情况下所拥有的权限。
在调用者(invoker)权限下，当前用户的权限为当前所拥有的权限(含角色)。
三、执行的效率不同
在定义者(definer)权限下，过程被静态编译静态执行(相对而言)，所执行sql语句在共享区池中是可被共享使用的
在调用者(invoker)权限下，过程静态编译，但动态执行，虽然执行的语句相同，但不同用户执行，其sql语句在共享池中并不能共享。
参考:http://www.itpub.net/thread-935634-1-1.html
Oracle 8i安装过程截图
rman从多份备份中还原操作
1、现象重现
RMAN> shutdown immediate database dismounted Oracle instance shut down RMAN> startup connected to target database (not started) Oracle instance started database mounted RMAN-00571: =========================================================== RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS =============== RMAN-00571: =========================================================== RMAN-03002: failure of startup command at 11/18/2011 14:40:40 ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 11 - see DBWR trace file ORA-01110: data file 11: '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/xifenfei03.dbf' RMAN> restore datafile 11; Starting restore at 2011-11-18 14:41:04 allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=157 devtype=DISK channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00011 input datafile copy recid=13 stamp=767543949 filename=/tmp/11.dbf destination for restore of datafile 00011: /opt/oracle/oradata/test/xifenfei03.dbf ORA-19505: failed to identify file "/tmp/11.dbf" ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory Additional information: 3 ORA-19600: input file is datafile-copy 13 (/tmp/11.dbf) ORA-19601: output file is datafile 11 (/opt/oracle/oradata/test/xifenfei03.dbf) failover to previous backup channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backupset restore channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set restoring datafile 00011 to /opt/oracle/oradata/test/xifenfei03.dbf channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /tmp/test_full_01mrkqdh_1_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1 piece handle=/tmp/test_full_01mrkqdh_1_1 tag=TAG20111114T124433 channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02 Finished restore at 2011-11-18 14:41:08
虽然整个过程datafile 11恢复成功了，但是在恢复过程中，先是去读取/tmp/11.dbf的copy文件，读取这个文件失败，然后继续使用/tmp/test_full_01mrkqdh_1_1来恢复数据文件，为什么会出现这样的情况呢？
2、原因分析
RMAN> list copy of datafile 11;
List of Datafile Copies
Key File S Completion Time Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
------- ---- - ------------------- ---------- ------------------- ----
13 11 A 2011-11-18 14:39:09 11517136 2011-11-14 12:44:33 /tmp/11.dbf
--确实存在datafile 11的copy文件/tmp/11.dbf,并且有效
--checkpoint time为:2011-11-14 12:44:33，创建时间为:2011-11-18 14:39:09
RMAN> list backup of datafile 11;
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
1 Full 9.32G DISK 00:04:24 2011-11-14 12:48:57
BP Key: 1 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20111114T124433
Piece Name: /tmp/test_full_01mrkqdh_1_1
List of Datafiles in backup set 1
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- ------------------- ----
11 Full 11517136 2011-11-14 12:44:33 /opt/oracle/oradata/test/xifenfei03.dbf
--backupset中也有datafile 11
--checkpoint time为:2011-11-14 12:44:33，创建时间为:2011-11-14 12:48:57
--通过比较这两个关于datafile 11的备份时间，rman自动选择了创建时间比较新的备份恢复
RMAN> crosscheck copy of datafile 11;
released channel: ORA_DISK_1
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=157 devtype=DISK
validation failed for datafile copy
datafile copy filename=/tmp/11.dbf recid=13 stamp=767543949
Crosschecked 1 objects
RMAN> list copy of datafile 11;
List of Datafile Copies
Key File S Completion Time Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
------- ---- - ------------------- ---------- ------------------- ----
13 11 X 2011-11-18 14:39:09 11517136 2011-11-14 12:44:33 /tmp/11.dbf
--通过检测发现/tmp/11.dbf是无效的，所以rman继续使用backupset进行恢复datafile 11
在有些时候，当rman对中关于一个对象的备份有多个(备份时间不一致),rman会从最新备份的开始还原，如果第一个失败，使用下一个备份，但是在有些时候可能第一个失败后，rman不自动使用下一个，这个时候的处理思路是:使用crosscheck backup/copy检测无效的备份，删除掉，继续执行
