10g rac安装注意事项

1、配置ip地址不要忘记网关
DEVICE=eth0
BOOTPROTO=none
BROADCAST=192.168.100.255
HWADDR=00:0C:29:28:8F:AC
IPADDR=192.168.100.101
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
NETWORK=192.168.100.0
ONBOOT=yes
TYPE=Ethernet
GATEWAY=192.168.100.1

2、域名解析不要忘记了localhost
127.0.0.1 localhost
192.168.100.101 node1
192.168.100.102 node2
192.168.100.201 node1-vip
192.168.100.202 node2-vip
10.10.17.221 node1-priv
10.10.17.222 node2-priv

3、重新安装处理
rm -f /etc/init.d/init.cssd
rm -f /etc/init.d/init.crs
rm -f /etc/init.d/init.crsd
rm -f /etc/init.d/init.evmd
rm -f /etc/rc2.d/K96init.crs
rm -f /etc/rc2.d/S96init.crs
rm -f /etc/rc3.d/K96init.crs
rm -f /etc/rc3.d/S96init.crs
rm -f /etc/rc5.d/K96init.crs
rm -f /etc/rc5.d/S96init.crs
rm -rf /etc/oracle/scls_scr
rm -f /etc/inittab.crs
rm -rf /u01/oraInventory
rm -rf /u01/app/crs
rm -rf /etc/ora*
rm -rf /etc/init.d/init.*
rm -f /usr/local/bin/*
rm -rf /opt/ORCLfmap
rm -rf /opt/oracle/admin
dd if=/dev/null of=/dev/raw/raw2 bs=209715200 count=1
dd if=/dev/null of=/dev/raw/raw1 bs=104857600 count=1
dd if=/dev/null of=/dev/raw/raw3 bs=1232896 count=1000
dd if=/dev/null of=/dev/raw/raw4 bs=1232896 count=1000
Note:dd操作效果不好,可以在执行root.sh到Startup will be queued to init within 90 seconds.挂起后,执行$CRS_HOME/install/rootdeinstall.sh,然后再执行root.sh

4、因内网ip地址不能被自动添加到vip中处理
出现现象:
Checking existence of VIP node application (required)
Check failed.
Check failed on nodes:
node2,node1
解决:使用root账户运行图画界面vipca,手工添加vip的域名和地址

5、remote_listener和tns名称一致
show parameter remote_listener
NAME TYPE VALUE
———————————— ———– ————-
remote_listener string LISTENERS_XFF
tnsnames.ora

LISTENERS_XFF =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.100.201)(PORT = 1521))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.100.202)(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVICE_NAME = xff)
)
)

6、各个节点时间一致
选择一种一个为时间参考节点
[root@node1 bin]# cat /etc/ntp.conf
server 127.127.1.0
fudge 127.127.1.0 stratum 11
driftfile /var/lib/ntp/drift
broadcastdelay 0.008

其他节点同步该时间
[root@node2 bin]# crontab -l
*/15 * * * * ntpdate node1

均开启ntpd服务
service ntpd start
chkconfig ntpd on

ASMCMD常用命令

1、显示指定的ASM目录下ASM文件占用的所有磁盘空间
du

2、列出ASM目录下的内容及其属性
ls -ls

3、查看当前路径
pwd

4、打开目录
cd ../DATA

5、列出当前ASM客户端的信息
lsct

6、列出所有磁盘组及其属性
lsdg

7、列出数据文件信息
lsof

8、列出盘的信息
lsdsk

Note:大小写敏感

ASM简单管理(1)

一、ASM磁盘和磁盘组管理
1、创建磁盘组
create diskgroup DG2 EXTERNAL REDUNDANCY DISK ‘ORCL:A1’;
Note:1)磁盘名称需要大写
2)磁盘名称使用V$asm_disk.path

2、磁盘组中添加磁盘
alter diskgroup dg2 add disk ‘ORCL:A2’;
Note:磁盘名称使用V$asm_disk.path

3、磁盘组中删除磁盘
alter diskgroup dg2 drop disk ‘a1’;
Note:磁盘名称使用的是V$asm_disk.name

4、删除磁盘组
drop diskgroup dg2 including contents;

二、ASM相关视图
1、查看是否有数据库实例连接上ASM实例
select instance_name,db_name,status from v$asm_client;

2、记录BALANCE操作
select operation,state,power,actual,sofar from v$asm_operation;

3、ASM DISK信息
select path, state, total_mb, free_mb from v$asm_disk;

4、ASM DISKGROUP信息
select name,state,type,total_mb,free_mb from v$asm_diskgroup;

三、ASM和表空间管理
1、ASM中创建表空间
create tablespace xff datafile ‘+DG2’ SIZE 100M;

2、ASM表空间中添加数据文件
alter tablespace xff add datafile ‘+dg2’ size 10m;

3、ASM表空间中删除数据文件
alter tablespace xff drop datafile ‘+DG2/xff/datafile/xff.257.747278679’;
或者
alter tablespace xff drop datafile 7;

4、删除表空间
drop tablespace xff including contents;

配置Oracle ASM磁盘

1、确定Linux版本
uname -a
Note:我的系统是redhat 5.5

2、下载asm的lib包
http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/linux/index-101839.html
根据Linux版本,选择合适版本下载(redhat 5.5 32位系统)
oracleasm-support-2.1.4-1.el5.i386.rpm
oracleasm-2.6.18-194.26.1.el5-2.0.5-1.el5.i686.rpm
oracleasmlib-2.0.4-1.el5.i386.rpm

3、安装ams包(root)
rpm -Uvh oracleasm-support-2.1.4-1.el5.i386.rpm
rpm -Uvh oracleasm-2.6.18-194.26.1.el5-2.0.5-1.el5.i686.rpm
rpm -Uvh oracleasmlib-2.0.4-1.el5.i386.rpm

4、配置ASM的库文件(root)
/etc/init.d/oracleasm configure
Configuring the Oracle ASM library driver.
This will configure the on-boot properties of the Oracle ASM library
driver. The following questions will determine whether the driver is
loaded on boot and what permissions it will have. The current values
will be shown in brackets (‘[]’). Hitting without typing an
answer will keep that current value. Ctrl-C will abort.
Default user to own the driver interface []: oracle
Default group to own the driver interface []: dba
Start Oracle ASM library driver on boot (y/n) [n]: y
Fix permissions of Oracle ASM disks on boot (y/n) [y]: y
Writing Oracle ASM library driver configuration: [ OK ]
Creating /dev/oracleasm mount point: [ OK ]
Loading module “oracleasm”: [ OK ]
Mounting ASMlib driver filesystem: [ OK ]
Scanning system for ASM disks: [ OK ]
Note:需要实现创建oracle用户和dba组(一般安装oracle的系统上都会创建)

5、创建ASM磁盘(root)
/etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk XFF1 /dev/sdb1
/etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk XFF2 /dev/sdc1

6、配置CSS(root)
$ORACLE_HOME/bin/localconfig add

redhat 4 安装 Oracle 10g

必须安装包
binutils-2.15.92.0.2-13.EL4
compat-db-4.1.25-9
compat-libstdc++-296-2.96-132.7.2
control-center-2.8.0-12
gcc-3.4.3-22.1.EL4
gcc-c++-3.4.3-22.1.EL44
glibc-2.3.4-2.9
glibc-common-2.3.4-2.9
gnome-libs-1.4.1.2.90-44.1
libstdc++-3.4.3-22.1
libstdc++-devel-3.4.3-22.1
make-3.80-5
pdksh-5.2.14-30
sysstat-5.0.5-1
xscreensaver-4.18-5.rhel4.2
setarch-1.6-1

用户和组
groupadd oinstall
groupadd dba
useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle

创建文件夹
mkdir -p /u01/oracle
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01
chmod -R 775 /u01

修改系统参数
vi /etc/sysctl.conf
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 2147483648
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
fs.file-max = 65536
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000
net.core.rmem_default = 1048576
net.core.rmem_max = 1048576
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 262144

vi /etc/security/limits.conf
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536

vi /etc/pam.d/login
session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so
session required pam_limits.so

vi /etc/profile
if [ $USER = “oracle” ]; then
if [ $SHELL = “/bin/ksh” ]; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
fi

设置环境变量
vi ~/.bash_profile
ORACLE_BASE=/u01
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/oracle
ORACLE_SID=orcl
NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK
PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
export PATH NLS_LANG ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID