以前遇到ORA-600 kcbzib_kcrsds_1一般都是数据库强制打开的时候,这次在一个open的库中遇到该问题,做一个记录
在expdp过程中有一个表报ORA-01555错误

. . 导出了 "SRM_DEV"."AAAAAA"             3.256 MB    4636 行
ORA-31693: 表数据对象 "SRM_DEV"."XXXXXXX" 无法加载/卸载并且被跳过, 错误如下:
ORA-02354: 导出/导入数据时出错
ORA-01555: 快照过旧: 回退段号  (名称为 "") 过小

这种错误,根据以往经验,大部分情况是由于lob字段异常引起
查看表结构

SQL> desc "SRM_DEV"."XXXXXXX"
 名称                                      是否为空? 类型
 ----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------

 DELIVERY_ID                               NOT NULL NUMBER(19)
 ARRIVAL_CUSTOMER_ID                                NUMBER(19)
 ARRIVAL_LOCATION_TYPE                              VARCHAR2(255 CHAR)
 ARRIVAL_SUPPLIER_ID                                NUMBER(19)
 ARRIVAL_TIME                                       TIMESTAMP(6)
 ARRIVAL_USER                                       NUMBER(19)
 CREATE_BY                                          VARCHAR2(32 CHAR)
 CREATE_TIME                                        TIMESTAMP(6)
 DELIVERY_DATE                                      VARCHAR2(32 CHAR)
 DELIVERY_NO                                        VARCHAR2(32 CHAR)
 DELIVERY_TYPE                                      VARCHAR2(32 CHAR)
 INVOICE_TYPE                                       VARCHAR2(2)
 IS_CONFIRM                                         VARCHAR2(2)
 IS_ONEKEY_IO                                       VARCHAR2(2)
 IS_SUPPORTING                                      VARCHAR2(32 CHAR)
 MODI_BY                                            VARCHAR2(32 CHAR)
 MODI_TIME                                          TIMESTAMP(6)
 OP_ATTRIBUTE                                       VARCHAR2(1 CHAR)
 PRINT_TIMES                                        NUMBER(10)
 RECEIVE_COMPANY                                    VARCHAR2(64 CHAR)
 RECEIVE_LOCATION                                   VARCHAR2(64 CHAR)
 RECEIVE_SUPPLIER_ID                                NUMBER(19)
 REMARK                                             VARCHAR2(256 CHAR)
 STATUS                                             VARCHAR2(5 CHAR)
 SUPPLIER_CODE                                      VARCHAR2(64 CHAR)
 SUPPLIER_ID                                        NUMBER(19)
 OVERDUE_STATUS                                     VARCHAR2(255 CHAR)

确认没有lob字段而引起了该问题,进一步分析
对表进行全扫描看看报什么错误

SQL> select /*+full(t)*/ count(1) from "SRM_DEV"."XXXXXXX" t;
select /*+full(t)*/ count(1) from "SRM_DEV"."XXXXXXX" t
                    *
第 1 行出现错误:
ORA-00600: 内部错误代码, 参数: [kcbzib_kcrsds_1], [], [], [], [], [], [],
[], [], [], [], []

根据以往经验,怀疑是由于这个表中的某个block的scn大于数据库scn导致
对全表扫描过程进行跟踪

C:\Users\Administrator>sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on 星期日 12月 21 22:18:46 2025
Version 19.3.0.0.0

Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


连接到:
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.3.0.0.0

SQL> oradebug setmypid
已处理的语句
SQL> alter session set db_file_multiblocK_read_count=1;

会话已更改。

SQL> oradebug EVENT 10046 TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL 12
已处理的语句
SQL> oradebug TRACEFILE_NAME
F:\APP\diag\rdbms\srmdev\srmdev\trace\srmdev_ora_14768.trc
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> select /*+full(t)*/ count(1) from "SRM_DEV"."XXXXXXX" t;
select /*+full(t)*/ count(1) from "SRM_DEV"."XXXXXXX" t
                    *
第 1 行出现错误:
ORA-00600: 内部错误代码, 参数: [kcbzib_kcrsds_1], [], [], [], [], [], [],
[], [], [], [], []

分析trace文件确认对应的block为20548

WAIT #758663789368: nam='db file sequential read' ela= 40 file#=7 block#=20545 blocks=1 obj#=73756 tim=47881962193
WAIT #758663789368: nam='db file sequential read' ela= 41 file#=7 block#=20546 blocks=1 obj#=73756 tim=47881962259
WAIT #758663789368: nam='db file sequential read' ela= 40 file#=7 block#=20547 blocks=1 obj#=73756 tim=47881962325
WAIT #758663789368: nam='db file sequential read' ela= 41 file#=7 block#=20548 blocks=1 obj#=73756 tim=47881962389
Encountered exception while getting args for function:0x00007FF6F0BC39A0
2025-12-21T22:19:17.768815+08:00
Incident 1562659 created, dump file: F:\APP\diag\rdbms\srmdev\srmdev\incdir_1562659\srmdev_ora_14768_i1562659.trc
ORA-00600: 内部错误代码, 参数: [kcbzib_kcrsds_1], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []

对异常block进行dump分析

PARSE #758663744160:c=0,e=97,p=0,cr=0,cu=0,mis=0,r=0,dep=0,og=0,plh=0,tim=48020763236
Start dump data blocks tsn: 4 file#:7 minblk 20548 maxblk 20548
Block dump from cache:
Dump of buffer cache at level 3 for pdb=0 tsn=4 rdba=29380676
WAIT #758663744160: nam='db file sequential read' ela= 88 file#=7 block#=20548 blocks=1 obj#=73756 tim=48020763396
Block dump from disk:
buffer tsn: 4 rdba: 0x01c05044 (7/20548)
scn: 0x6a37b2cb8 seq: 0x02 flg: 0x06 tail: 0x2cb80602
frmt: 0x02 chkval: 0xe203 type: 0x06=trans data
Hex dump of block: st=0, typ_found=1
Dump of memory from 0x000000B0A274D000 to 0x000000B0A274F000
B0A274D000 0000A206 01C05044 A37B2CB8 06020006  [....DP...,{.....]
B0A274D010 0000E203 001B0001 0001201C A37B2CB4  [......... ...,{.]
B0A274D020 00068000 00321F02 01C05001 00160010  [......2..P......]
B0A274D030 0409F0A2 010001A8 000C0776 00002001  [........v.... ..]

通过这里可以确认当前block的scn为0x6a37b2cb8==>28512562360
查询当前数据库scn

SQL> select CURRENT_SCN  from v$database;

  CURRENT_SCN  
--------------
  28512556338

通过分析确认当前数据库的scn小于该block的scn,所以报ORA-600 kcbzib_kcrsds_1错误.解决该问题的方法有两种
1. 调整数据库是scn,让数据库的scn 大于该block scn即可
2. 通过把该block的scn修改小一些（目的就是数据库scn大于block scn）
通过处理之后实现表正常查询

SQL> alter system checkpoint;

系统已更改。

SQL> select checkpoint_change# from v$database;

  CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#
--------------------
         28512563830

SQL>  select /*+full(t)*/ count(1) from "SRM_DEV"."XXXXXXX" t;

            COUNT(1)
--------------------
               19560

对于这种情况除了ora-600 kcbzib_kcrsds_1的报错之外,还可能会遇到ora-600 kcbzibmlt_kcrsds_1的错误