使用dbms_pumpdata执行expdp操作

使用dbms_pumpdata执行expdp操作

set serverout on 
declare 
  h1 number; -- Datapump handle 
  dir_name varchar2(30); -- Directory Name 
  job_status VARCHAR2(30); 
begin 
  dir_name := 'DATA_PUMP_DIR'; 
  h1 := dbms_datapump.open(
  operation =>'EXPORT', --是export还是impport
--导出表配置
  job_mode =>'TABLE',  --job_mode可以为SCHEMA/TABLE等
--导出用户配置
  job_mode =>'SCHEMA',
  remote_link => NULL, --是否使用dblink导出(就是NETWORK_LINK)
  job_name =>'TABLE_XFF' --job_name expdpjob的名称
  ); 

  dbms_datapump.add_file(handle =>h1, 
                         filename => 'XIFENFEI.DMP', 
                         directory => dir_name, 
                         filetype => DBMS_DATAPUMP.KU$_FILE_TYPE_DUMP_FILE, 
                         reusefile => 1); -- value of 1 instructs to overwrite existing file 

  dbms_datapump.add_file(handle =>h1, 
                         filename => 'XIFENFEI.LOG', 
                         directory => dir_name, 
                         filetype => DBMS_DATAPUMP.KU$_FILE_TYPE_LOG_FILE, 
                         reusefile => 1); 

--导出表配置
  dbms_datapump.metadata_filter(handle =>h1, 
                         name => 'TABLE_FILTER', 
                         value => 'CHF.T_XIFENFEI'); 

--导出用户配置
  dbms_datapump.metadata_filter (handle => dp_handle, 
                                 name => 'SCHEMA_EXPR', 
                                 value => 'IN (''CHF'')'); 
-- Start the job. 
  dbms_datapump.start_job(h1); 
  dbms_datapump.wait_for_job (handle => dp_handle, 
                              job_state => job_status); 
  dbms_output.put_line ('DataPump Export - '||to_char(sysdate,'DD/MM/YYYY HH24:MI:SS')||' Status '||job_status); 
  begin 
     dbms_datapump.detach(handle => h1); 
   end; 
end; 
/

awrload导入awr数据出现两种常见错误说明

ORA-06502/ORA-06512错误

SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/awrload.sql
~~~~~~~~~~
AWR LOAD
~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~  This script will load the AWR data from a dump file. The   ~
~  script will prompt users for the following information:    ~
~     (1) name of directory object                            ~
~     (2) name of dump file                                   ~
~     (3) staging schema name to load AWR data into           ~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Specify the Directory Name
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Directory Name                 Directory Path
------------------------------ -------------------------------------------------
DATA_PUMP_DIR                  /u01/oracle/admin/ora11g/dpdump/
ORACLE_OCM_CONFIG_DIR          /u01/oracle/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/ccr/state
XMLDIR                         /u01/oracle/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/xml

Choose a Directory Name from the list above (case-sensitive).

Enter value for directory_name: DATA_PUMP_DIR

Using the dump directory: DATA_PUMP_DIR

Specify the Name of the Dump File to Load
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Please specify the prefix of the dump file (.dmp) to load:

Enter value for file_name: awrdat_70441_70885-vpos-primary

Loading from the file name: awrdat_70441_70885-vpos-primary.dmp
begin
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-06502: PL/SQL: numeric or value error: character string buffer too small
ORA-06512: at line 2

因为导出来的awr数据库的编码是AL32UTF8,而现在的编码是ZHS16GBK,所以解决方法是设置NLS_LANG为合适编码

[oracle@xifenfei ~]$ env|grep NLS_LANG
NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK
[oracle@xifenfei ~]$ export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8

ORA-31640

SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/awrload.sql
~~~~~~~~~~
AWR LOAD
~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~  This script will load the AWR data from a dump file. The   ~
~  script will prompt users for the following information:    ~
~     (1) name of directory object                            ~
~     (2) name of dump file                                   ~
~     (3) staging schema name to load AWR data into           ~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Specify the Directory Name
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Directory Name                 Directory Path
------------------------------ -------------------------------------------------
DATA_PUMP_DIR                  /u01/oracle/admin/ora11g/dpdump/
ORACLE_OCM_CONFIG_DIR          /u01/oracle/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/ccr/state
XMLDIR                         /u01/oracle/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/xml

Choose a Directory Name from the list above (case-sensitive).

Enter value for directory_name: DATA_PUMP_DIR

Using the dump directory: DATA_PUMP_DIR

Specify the Name of the Dump File to Load
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Please specify the prefix of the dump file (.dmp) to load:

Enter value for file_name: awrdat_70441_70885-vpos-primary  <--注意输入

Loading from the file name: awrdat_70441_70885-vpos-primary.dmp

…………

| ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|  Loading the AWR data from the following
|  directory/file:
|   /u01/oracle/admin/ora11g/dpdump/
|   awrdat_70441_70885-vpos-primar.dmp    <--提示的文件名
| ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
|  *** AWR Load Started ...
|
|  This operation will take a few moments. The
|  progress of the AWR load operation can be
|  monitored in the following directory/file:
|   /u01/oracle/admin/ora11g/dpdump/
|   awrdat_70441_70885-vpos-primar.log
|
DBMS_DATAPUMP.ADD_FILE(dump file)
ORA-39001: invalid argument value
Exception encountered in AWR_LOAD
begin
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-20115: datapump import encountered error:
ORA-39001: invalid argument value
ORA-39000: bad dump file specification
ORA-31640: unable to open dump file 
"/u01/oracle/admin/ora11g/dpdump/awrdat_70441_70885-vpos-primar.dmp" for read
ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status
Linux Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3
ORA-06512: at "SYS.DBMS_SWRF_INTERNAL", line 1717
ORA-06512: at line 3


begin
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-20106: AWR tables do not exist for the 'AWR_STAGE' user
ORA-06512: at "SYS.DBMS_SWRF_INTERNAL", line 2920
ORA-00942: table or view does not exist
ORA-06512: at line 3


... Dropping AWR_STAGE user

End of AWR Load

这里我们可以看到,dmp文件名为31个字符,而在提示文件名的时候是30个字符,从而出现了dmp文件不存在而导致的相关错误,解决方案重命名dmp文件,名称不超过30个字符

windows中使用dd程序

很多习惯了Linux和Uinx的人都困惑windows中没有dd这样的好命令,经过不懈的努力终于发现了win dd
帮助命令

E:\>dd --help
rawwrite dd for windows version 0.6beta3.
Written by John Newbigin <jn@it.swin.edu.au>
This program is covered by terms of the GPL Version 2.

dd [bs=SIZE] [count=BLOCKS] [if=FILE] [of=FILE] [seek=BLOCKS] [skip=BLOCKS] 
[--size] [--list] [--progress]
SIZE and BLOCKS may have one of the following suffix:
 k = 1024
 M = 1048576
 G = 1073741824
default block size (bs) is 512 bytes
skip specifies the starting offset of the input file (if)
seek specifies the starting offset of the output file (of)

磁盘列表

E:\>dd --list
rawwrite dd for windows version 0.6beta3.
Written by John Newbigin <jn@it.swin.edu.au>
This program is covered by terms of the GPL Version 2.

Win32 Available Volume Information
\\.\Volume{7cf2f59c-6207-11e1-b81a-806e6f6e6963}\
  link to \\?\Device\HarddiskVolume1
  fixed media
  Mounted on \\.\c:

\\.\Volume{9ba58399-a85a-11e1-b19f-005056c00008}\
  link to \\?\Device\HarddiskVolume5
  removeable media
  Mounted on \\.\h:

\\.\Volume{7cf2f59d-6207-11e1-b81a-806e6f6e6963}\
  link to \\?\Device\HarddiskVolume2
  fixed media
  Mounted on \\.\d:

\\.\Volume{7cf2f59e-6207-11e1-b81a-806e6f6e6963}\
  link to \\?\Device\HarddiskVolume3
  fixed media
  Mounted on \\.\e:

\\.\Volume{7cf2f59f-6207-11e1-b81a-806e6f6e6963}\
  link to \\?\Device\HarddiskVolume4
  fixed media
  Mounted on \\.\f:

\\.\Volume{d0f53c6a-6272-11e1-8729-806e6f6e6963}\
  link to \\?\Device\CdRom0
  CD-ROM
  Mounted on \\.\g:


NT Block Device Objects
\\?\Device\CdRom0
  size is 2147483647 bytes

Virtual input devices
 /dev/zero   (null data)
 /dev/random (pseudo-random data)
 -           (standard input)

Virtual output devices
 -           (standard output)
 /dev/null   (discard the data)

拷贝磁盘头(asm修复常见)

E:\>dd if=\\.\Volume{9ba58399-a85a-11e1-b19f-005056c00008} 
of=f:\usb.img bs=1M count=10
rawwrite dd for windows version 0.6beta3.
Written by John Newbigin <jn@it.swin.edu.au>
This program is covered by terms of the GPL Version 2.

10+0 records in
10+0 records out

E:\>dir f:\usb.img
 驱动器 F 中的卷没有标签。
 卷的序列号是 000F-FFCB

 f:\ 的目录

2012/11/13  23:39        10,485,760 usb.img
               1 个文件     10,485,760 字节
               0 个目录 30,501,912,576 可用字节

拷贝文件

E:\>dd if=f:\usb.img   of=f:\usb_new.img bs=1M count=5
rawwrite dd for windows version 0.6beta3.
Written by John Newbigin <jn@it.swin.edu.au>
This program is covered by terms of the GPL Version 2.

5+0 records in
5+0 records out

E:\>dir f:\usb*
 驱动器 F 中的卷没有标签。
 卷的序列号是 000F-FFCB

 f:\ 的目录

2012/11/13  23:39        10,485,760 usb.img
2012/11/13  23:46         5,242,880 usb_new.img
               2 个文件     15,728,640 字节
               0 个目录 30,496,669,696 可用字节

ORA-00600[qmxtriCheckAndRewriteQb0]

数据库报ORA-00600[qmxtriCheckAndRewriteQb0]

Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, OLAP, Data Mining
and Real Application Testing options
ORACLE_HOME = /u01/oracle/product/10.2.0
System name:	AIX
Node name:	abc
Release:	3
Version:	5
Machine:	00C58A644C00
Instance name: XFF2
Redo thread mounted by this instance: 2
Oracle process number: 434
Unix process pid: 492340, image: oracle@abc

*** ACTION NAME:() 2012-11-12 08:46:47.132
*** MODULE NAME:() 2012-11-12 08:46:47.132
*** SERVICE NAME:(ORCL) 2012-11-12 08:46:47.132
*** CLIENT ID:() 2012-11-12 08:46:47.132
*** SESSION ID:(870.58602) 2012-11-12 08:46:47.132
*** 2012-11-12 08:46:47.132
ksedmp: internal or fatal error
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [qmxtriCheckAndRewriteQb0], [], [], [], [], [], [], []
Current SQL statement for this session:
SELECT EXTRACTVALUE(配置,'//SYSTEM[@XTH="'||:B1 ||'"]/FILE') , 
WHERE EXTRACTVALUE(配置,'//SYSTEM[@XTH="'||:B1 ||'"]/BM')=:B2  AND ROWNUM<2
----- PL/SQL Call Stack -----
  object      line  object
  handle    number  name
70000021d535f70        25  procedure ZLTOOLS.ZL_MBRUNLOG_INSERT
7000002b6819368         1  anonymous block
----- Call Stack Trace -----
calling              call     entry                argument values in hex      
location             type     point                (? means dubious value)     
-------------------- -------- -------------------- ----------------------------
ksedst+001c          bl       ksedst1              000000000 ? 000000000 ?
ksedmp+0290          bl       ksedst               104A2C690 ?
ksfdmp+0018          bl       03F26C3C             
kgerinv+00dc         bl       _ptrgl               
kgeasnmierr+004c     bl       kgerinv              7000002F735A838 ? 000000000 ?
                                                   000000000 ? 000000000 ?
                                                   0FFFFBFFF ?
IPRA.$qmxtriCheckAn  bl       03F25970             
dRewriteQb_rec+0194                                
IPRA.$qmxtriCheckAn  bl       IPRA.$qmxtriCheckAn  1000881EC ? 000000000 ?
dRewriteQb_rec+006c           dRewriteQb_rec       000000000 ?
IPRA.$qmxtriCheckAn  bl       IPRA.$qmxtriCheckAn  FFFFFFFFFFF07E0 ? 000000033 ?
dRewriteQb_rec+006c           dRewriteQb_rec       1056037F8 ?
qmxtriCheckAndRewri  bcl      dmqlKMlod+00c0       000000000 ? 110421CB0 ?
teQb+0094                                          FFFFFFFFFFE87C0 ?
qmxtrxq+0210         bl       03F252EC             
qmxtrxop+00a4        bl       qmxtrxq              FFFFFFFFFFF25B8 ?
                                                   700000282F66DD0 ? 110195E98 ?
koksspend+02b0       bl       qmxtrxop             100346AB4 ?
kkmdrvend+01a8       bl       koksspend            000000001 ? 104B3A8A8 ?
                                                   000000000 ?
kkmdrv+004c          bl       kkmdrvend            FFFFFFFFFFE8BE0 ?
                                                   883843401048F2F8 ?
opiSem+13c0          bl       kkmdrv               000000000 ? 000000000 ?
                                                   000000000 ? 11022AC50 ?
opiDeferredSem+0234  bl       opiSem               FFFFFFFFFFE9CE0 ?
                                                   7000001E327CCE0 ? 000000111 ?
                                                   100000001 ?
opitca+01e8          bl       opiDeferredSem       
kksFullTypeCheck+00  bl       03F25230             
1c                                                 
rpiswu2+034c         bl       _ptrgl               
kksSetBindType+0d28  bl       rpiswu2              70000030850C178 ?
                                                   3300000033 ?
                                                   FFFFFFFFFFF0570 ?
                                                   FFFFFFFFFFF0578 ?
                                                   7000002F6F0C700 ?
                                                   33104027D8 ?
                                                   FFFFFFFFFFF1F48 ? 000000000 ?
kksfbc+1054          bl       kksSetBindType       70000030F58F400 ? 1107CB418 ?
                                                   70000001003B800 ?
                                                   10200003000 ? 110000FF8 ?
                                                   7000000100ECAB8 ?
                                                   FFFFFFFFFFF1480 ?
                                                   481A408400003000 ?
opiexe+098c          bl       01F960BC             
opipls+185c          bl       opiexe               FFFFFFFFFFF3900 ?
                                                   FFFFFFFFFFF39E8 ?
                                                   FFFFFFFFFFF38A0 ?
opiodr+0ae0          bl       _ptrgl               
rpidrus+01bc         bl       opiodr               66FFFF54B0 ? 608736A20 ?
                                                   FFFFFFFFFFF67C0 ?
                                                   1510195E98 ?
skgmstack+00c8       bl       _ptrgl               
rpidru+0088          bl       skgmstack            102320840 ? 000000000 ?
                                                   000000002 ? 000000000 ?
                                                   FFFFFFFFFFF5F88 ?
rpiswu2+034c         bl       _ptrgl               
rpidrv+095c          bl       rpiswu2              70000030850C178 ? 110469C28 ?
                                                   11044AA58 ? 000000000 ?
                                                   FFFFFFFFFFF5D60 ?
                                                   3300000000 ? 000000000 ?
                                                   000000000 ?
psddr0+02bc          bl       03F266D4             
psdnal+01d0          bl       psddr0               1500000000 ? 6600000000 ?
                                                   FFFFFFFFFFF67C0 ?
                                                   30100BACC8 ?
pevm_EXECC+01f8      bl       _ptrgl               
pfrinstr_EXECC+0070  bl       pevm_EXECC           10147B2A4 ? 000000000 ?
                                                   700000262828B72 ?
pfrrun_no_tool+005c  bl       _ptrgl               
pfrrun+1014          bl       pfrrun_no_tool       FFFFFFFFFFF6B20 ?
                                                   7000002B6819368 ? 3100ECBB0 ?
plsql_run+06b4       bl       pfrrun               1107D84A8 ?
peicnt+0224          bl       plsql_run            1107D84A8 ? 10001102676F8 ?
                                                   000000000 ?
kkxexe+0250          bl       peicnt               FFFFFFFFFFF7E38 ? 1107D84A8 ?
opiexe+2ef8          bl       kkxexe               11047E1C8 ?
kpoal8+0edc          bl       opiexe               FFFFFFFFFFFB454 ?
                                                   FFFFFFFFFFFB1A8 ?
                                                   FFFFFFFFFFF9628 ?
opiodr+0ae0          bl       _ptrgl               
ttcpip+1020          bl       _ptrgl               
opitsk+1124          bl       01F96AC8             
opiino+0990          bl       opitsk               0FFFFD490 ? 000000000 ?
opiodr+0ae0          bl       _ptrgl               
opidrv+0484          bl       01F95914             
sou2o+0090           bl       opidrv               3C02D99B7C ? 4A076D928 ?
                                                   FFFFFFFFFFFF390 ?
opimai_real+01bc     bl       01F93294             
main+0098            bl       opimai_real          000000000 ? 000000000 ?
__start+0098         bl       main                 000000000 ? 000000000 ?
 
--------------------- Binary Stack Dump ---------------------

通过这个trace的部分信息可以得到:
1.操作系统版本AIX x64(5.3)
2.数据库版本10.2.0.4
3.sql语句调用EXTRACTVALUE函数
4.Call Stack Trace信息

查询MOS[ID 467350.1]发现匹配信息

Cause
Bug 6030982 ORA-600 [QMXTRICHECKANDREWRITEQB0] WITH QUERY USING EXTRACTVALUE FUNCTION

Solution
This bug is going to be fixed in furture 10.2.0.5.0 and 11g
At the mean time , user can workaround by 

set
event = "19027 trace name context forever, level 1"
within init.ora or spfile file then bounce database.

or

SQL> alter session set events ='19027 trace name context forever, level 1';
SQL> Alter system flush shared_pool;
-- Execute affected query

通过mos可以确定:
1.是因为数据库执行EXTRACTVALUE函数遇到该bug
2.在11g和10.2.0.5中修复该bug
3.可以通过设置event = “19027 trace name context forever, level 1″来临时解决该问题

个人处理建议
1.如果数据库方便升级,那建议升级处理
2.如果数据库不便立马升级,建议在业务低估时设置session event 19027,然后 flush shared_pool,执行报错sql,如果问题解决,在合适时间设置system event来临时屏蔽该问题.

数据文件的CREATION_TIME来源和算法

对ORACLE比较熟悉的人都知道v$datafile.CREATION_TIME和v$datafile_header.CREATION_TIME这两个列都是表示数据文件的创建时间,而根据我们的经验可以知道几点:
1.当v$datafile.CREATION_TIME与v$datafile_header.CREATION_TIME不一致时数据库不能正常启动
2.v$datafile.CREATION_TIME的值来源于v$datafile_header.CREATION_TIME
3.而v$datafile_header.CREATION_TIME的值来源于数据文件头的块中的信息

现在就出现一个问题,数据块中的kcvfhcrt是一个16进制的数,如何实现在v$datafile和v$datafile_header中转为为了数据文件创建的日期
数据文件中存储创建数据文件日期内容

ub4 kcvfhcrt                             @108      0x2c67319c

v$datafile.CREATION_TIME值

SQL> select to_char(CREATION_TIME,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') xifenfei 
   2 from v$datafile where file#=1;

XIFENFEI
-------------------
2011-03-05 05:26:52

如何通过kcvfhcrt值推算出来CREATION_TIME或者通过CREATION_TIME推断出来kcvfhcrt的值规则:
熟悉数据库SCN计数原理的人都知道,我们现在使用的数据库是从1988/01/01 00:00:00开始记录SCN,也就是说我们的数据库的使用最早时间只能是从1988年元旦凌晨开始,那么也就是说数据库记录的创建时间可以采用这个时间点为起点,然后每增加一秒,数据库的kcvfhcrt就增加1,但是ORACLE为了计算简便,每个月按照31天计算
通过时间推算出来kcvfhcrt值

--数据库记录时间起点
1988/01/01 00:00:00
--当前数据文件创建日志
2011/03/05 05:26:52
--两者相差时间
23年02月04日05时26分52秒
--计算相差秒
23*12*31*24*60*60+2*31*24*60*60+4*24*60*60+5*60*60+26*60+52=744960412
--kcvfhcrt值转换
2c67319c(16进制)=744960412(10进制)

通过kcvfhcrt计算CREATION_TIME值

SQL> select to_number('2c67319c','xxxxxxxxxxx') from dual;

TO_NUMBER('2C67319C','XXXXXXXXXXX')
-----------------------------------
                          744960412

SQL> select 744960412/(12*31*24*60*60) from dual;

744960412/(12*31*24*60*60)
--------------------------
                23.1780295

SQL> select mod(744960412,(12*31*24*60*60)) from dual;

MOD(744960412,(12*31*24*60*60))
-------------------------------
                        5722012


SQL> select 5722012/(31*24*60*60) from dual;

5722012/(31*24*60*60)
---------------------
           2.13635454

SQL> select mod(5722012,(31*24*60*60)) from dual;

MOD(5722012,(31*24*60*60))
--------------------------
                    365212

SQL> select 365212/(24*60*60) from dual;

365212/(24*60*60)
-----------------
       4.22699074

SQL> select mod(365212,(24*60*60)) from dual;

MOD(365212,(24*60*60))
----------------------
                 19612

SQL> select 19612/(60*60) from dual;

19612/(60*60)
-------------
   5.44777778

SQL> select mod(19612,(60*60)) from dual;

MOD(19612,(60*60))
------------------
              1612

SQL> select 1612/60 from dual;

   1612/60
----------
26.8666667

SQL> select mod(1612,60) from dual;

MOD(1612,60)
------------
          52

从这里可以得出23年2月4天5时26分52秒,与1988年01月01日00时00分00秒相加得到
2011年03月05日 5:26:52

SQL> select to_char(CREATION_TIME,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') from v$datafile where file#=1;

TO_CHAR(CREATION_TI
-------------------
2011-03-05 05:26:52