EXADATA与非EXADATA搭建DATAGURAD关于EHCC特性测试

随着xd的越来越普及,不少的企业使用了xd,但是不少企业因为资金有限,只有一台xd,但是为了实现数据的容灾,可能会使用一台非xd的机器来通过dataguard来实现容灾,但是因为xd的ehcc新特性,官方宣传是只在xd中支持,如果dg的备库不是xd。那么会怎么样,这里通过测试得出如下一些结论:xd与非xd可以构造dg,ehcc功能在xd上无法高效使用。对于这样的环境条件下,使用ORACLE自带压缩效率更高.针对ehcc压缩效率很低,个人猜测,是因为xd检查到备库是非xd环境,直接对ehcc进行了降级压缩处理,从而出现了ehcc的压缩效率比oltp还低(牺牲了xd的性能,确保了数据的安全,看来xd的设计还是考虑的比较全面)
xd基本信息

SQL> select * from v$version;

BANNER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.2.0 - 64bit Production
PL/SQL Release 11.2.0.2.0 - Production
CORE    11.2.0.2.0      Production
TNS for Linux: Version 11.2.0.2.0 - Production
NLSRTL Version 11.2.0.2.0 - Production

SQL> show parameter clu;

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
cluster_database                     boolean     TRUE
cluster_database_instances           integer     2
cluster_interconnects                string

SQL> SELECT OPEN_MODE, DATABASE_ROLE ,NAME FROM V$DATABASE;

OPEN_MODE            DATABASE_ROLE    NAME
-------------------- ---------------- ---------
READ WRITE           PRIMARY          xxxxxx

SQL> !uname -a
Linux dm01db02 2.6.18-194.3.1.0.4.el5 #1 SMP Sat Feb 19 03:38:37 EST 2011 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

xd创建模拟表

SQL> create table t_FF_c compress as select  * from dba_objects;

Table created.

SQL> create table t_FF_c_o compress for oltp  as select  * from dba_objects;

Table created.

SQL> create table t_FF_q_l compress for query low as select  * from dba_objects;

Table created.

SQL> create table t_FF_q_h compress for query high  as select  * from dba_objects;

Table created.

SQL> create table t_FF_a_l compress for archive low  as select  * from dba_objects;

Table created.

SQL> create table t_FF_a_h compress for archive high as select * from dba_objects;

Table created.

SQL> create table t_ff as select * from dba_objects;

Table created.

xd查询模拟表

SQL> select s.owner,segment_name,s.bytes/1024/1024 t_size,compress_for 
from dba_segments s,dba_tables t
where s.owner=t.owner and t.table_name=s.segment_name  and t.table_name like 'T_FF%';  2    3  

OWNER                          SEGMENT_NAME                       T_SIZE COMPRESS_FOR
------------------------------ ------------------------------ ---------- ------------
SYS                            T_FF                                   11
SYS                            T_FF_A_H                               10 ARCHIVE HIGH
SYS                            T_FF_A_L                               10 ARCHIVE LOW
SYS                            T_FF_Q_H                               10 QUERY HIGH
SYS                            T_FF_Q_L                               10 QUERY LOW
SYS                            T_FF_C_O                                4 OLTP
SYS                            T_FF_C                                  4 BASIC

通过这里发现,带有非dg的xd使用ehcc压缩效率都低了很多

非xd备库基本信息

SQL> SELECT OPEN_MODE, DATABASE_ROLE ,NAME FROM V$DATABASE;

OPEN_MODE            DATABASE_ROLE    NAME
-------------------- ---------------- ---------
READ ONLY WITH APPLY PHYSICAL STANDBY xxxxxx

SQL> show parameter clu;

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
cluster_database                     boolean     FALSE
cluster_database_instances           integer     1
cluster_interconnects                string

SQL> !uname -a
Linux oradg 2.6.18-238.el5xen #1 SMP Sun Dec 19 14:42:02 EST 2010 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

查询非xd dg备库

SQL> select s.owner,segment_name,s.bytes/1024/1024 t_size,compress_for 
from dba_segments s,dba_tables t
where s.owner=t.owner and t.table_name=s.segment_name  and t.table_name like 'T_FF%'; 

OWNER                          SEGMENT_NAME                       T_SIZE COMPRESS_FOR
------------------------------ ------------------------------ ---------- ------------
SYS                            T_FF                                   11
SYS                            T_FF_A_H                               10 ARCHIVE HIGH
SYS                            T_FF_A_L                               10 ARCHIVE LOW
SYS                            T_FF_Q_H                               10 QUERY HIGH
SYS                            T_FF_Q_L                               10 QUERY LOW
SYS                            T_FF_C_O                                4 OLTP
SYS                            T_FF_C                                  4 BASIC

SQL> SELECT COUNT(*) FROM T_FF_Q_L;

  COUNT(*)
----------
     94709

SQL> SELECT COUNT(*) FROM T_FF_Q_H;

  COUNT(*)
----------
     94710

SQL> SELECT COUNT(*) FROM T_FF_C_O;

  COUNT(*)
----------
     94708

SQL> SELECT COUNT(*) FROM T_FF_C;

  COUNT(*)
----------
     94707

SQL> SELECT COUNT(*) FROM T_FF_A_L;

  COUNT(*)
----------
     94711

SQL> SELECT COUNT(*) FROM T_FF_A_H;

  COUNT(*)
----------
     94712

SQL> select count(*) from t_FF;

  COUNT(*)
----------
    94713

通过这里测试证明,对于非xd dg库,可以正常的查询xd上的ehcc相关表,而且相关大小也相同(物理dg当然相同了)

测试xd与非xd dg测试ehcc的dml操作

--xd 主库
SQL> update t_ff_a_h set owner='www.orasos.com';

94712 rows updated.

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.

SQL>  select s.owner,segment_name,s.bytes/1024/1024 t_size,compress_for 
from dba_segments s,dba_tables t
where s.owner=t.owner and t.table_name=s.segment_name  and t.table_name like 'T_FF%';  2    3  

OWNER                          SEGMENT_NAME                       T_SIZE COMPRESS_FOR
------------------------------ ------------------------------ ---------- ------------
SYS                            T_FF                                   11
SYS                            T_FF_A_H                               11 ARCHIVE HIGH
SYS                            T_FF_A_L                               10 ARCHIVE LOW
SYS                            T_FF_Q_H                               10 QUERY HIGH
SYS                            T_FF_Q_L                               10 QUERY LOW
SYS                            T_FF_C_O                                4 OLTP
SYS                            T_FF_C                                  4 BASIC

7 rows selected.

SQL> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

--非xd 备库
SQL> select s.owner,segment_name,s.bytes/1024/1024 t_size,compress_for 
from dba_segments s,dba_tables t
where s.owner=t.owner and t.table_name=s.segment_name  and t.table_name like 'T_FF%';  

OWNER                          SEGMENT_NAME                       T_SIZE COMPRESS_FOR
------------------------------ ------------------------------ ---------- ------------
SYS                            T_FF                                   11
SYS                            T_FF_A_H                               11 ARCHIVE HIGH
SYS                            T_FF_A_L                               10 ARCHIVE LOW
SYS                            T_FF_Q_H                               10 QUERY HIGH
SYS                            T_FF_Q_L                               10 QUERY LOW
SYS                            T_FF_C_O                                4 OLTP
SYS                            T_FF_C                                  4 BASIC

证明对于xd与非xd构成的dg环境,可以执行dml操作.

测试xd与非xd dg的ehcc的append操作

--xd准备三张测试空表
SQL> create table t_FF_a_l_1 compress for archive low as select * from t_FF  where 1=0;

Table created.

SQL> create table t_FF_a_h_1 compress for archive high  as select * from t_FF  where 1=0;

Table created.

SQL>truncate table t_FF;

Table truncated.

--插入数据(每个表执行5次)
SQL> insert /*+ APPEND */ into t_FF_a_l_1 select * from dba_objects; 

94714 rows created.

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.


SQL> insert /*+ APPEND */ into t_FF_h_l_1 select * from dba_objects; 

94714 rows created.

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.

SQL> insert /*+ APPEND */ into t_FF select * from dba_objects; 

94714 rows created.

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.

--查看相关表数据量
SQL> select count(*) from t_FF_a_l_1;

  COUNT(*)
----------
    473570

SQL> select count(*) from t_FF_a_h_1;

  COUNT(*)
----------
    473570

SQL> select count(*) from t_FF;
  COUNT(*)
----------
    473570

--查看xd主库
SQL> select s.owner,segment_name,s.bytes/1024/1024 t_size,compress_for 
from dba_segments s,dba_tables t
where s.owner=t.owner and t.table_name=s.segment_name  and t.table_name like 'T_FF%'; 

OWNER                          SEGMENT_NAME                       T_SIZE COMPRESS_FOR
------------------------------ ------------------------------ ---------- ------------
SYS                            T_FF                                   52
SYS                            T_FF_A_H                               11 ARCHIVE HIGH
SYS                            T_FF_A_L                               10 ARCHIVE LOW
SYS                            T_FF_Q_H                               10 QUERY HIGH
SYS                            T_FF_Q_L                               10 QUERY LOW
SYS                            T_FF_C_O                                4 OLTP
SYS                            T_FF_C                                  4 BASIC
SYS                            T_FF_A_H_1                             47 ARCHIVE HIGH
SYS                            T_FF_A_L_1                             47 ARCHIVE LOW

--查看非xd备库
SQL> select s.owner,segment_name,s.bytes/1024/1024 t_size,compress_for 
from dba_segments s,dba_tables t
where s.owner=t.owner and t.table_name=s.segment_name  and t.table_name like 'T_FF%'; 

OWNER                          SEGMENT_NAME                       T_SIZE COMPRESS_FOR
------------------------------ ------------------------------ ---------- ------------
SYS                            T_FF                                   52
SYS                            T_FF_A_H                               11 ARCHIVE HIGH
SYS                            T_FF_A_L                               10 ARCHIVE LOW
SYS                            T_FF_Q_H                               10 QUERY HIGH
SYS                            T_FF_Q_L                               10 QUERY LOW
SYS                            T_FF_C_O                                4 OLTP
SYS                            T_FF_C                                  4 BASIC
SYS                            T_FF_A_H_1                             47 ARCHIVE HIGH
SYS                            T_FF_A_L_1                             47 ARCHIVE LOW

试验整体结论
1.xd可以与非xd机器构建dg容灾环境(不会因为非dg不支持ehcc而导致无法搭建他们之间的dg)
2.xd与非xd的dg,ehcc功能大大缩水,基本上和非压缩状态差不多,比OLTP低很多
3.xd与非xd的dg在备库中支持select,dml,hint append等操作,这些操作是因为ehcc表在xd端就进行了ehcc降级导致

ORACLE 12C PDB部分功能测试

ORACLE 12C中提出来CDB和PDB的概念,对于ORACLE的数据库来说,确实是一个新东西,他们可以分别理解为容器和插件(PDB插入在CDB中),CDB的管理和传统数据库区别不大,本篇文章对PDB的部分操作进行了简单说明(创建PDB,OPEN PDB,DROP PDB,Plug PDB,Unplugging PDB)
CREATE PDB

SQL> SELECT NAME,CDB FROM  V$DATABASE;

NAME      CDB
--------- ---
XIFENFEI  YES

SQL> select pdb_id,pdb_name,dbid,STATUS,CREATION_SCN  from dba_pdbs;

    PDB_ID PDB_NAME                             DBID STATUS        CREATION_SCN
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ------------- ------------
         2 PDB$SEED                       4044122081 NORMAL             1661281
         3 FF                             1565322182 NORMAL             1720654


SQL> CREATE PLUGGABLE DATABASE xff_db ADMIN USER xff IDENTIFIED BY xifenfei
  2  STORAGE (MAXSIZE 2G MAX_SHARED_TEMP_SIZE 100M)
  3  DEFAULT TABLESPACE xifenfei
  4  DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/xff/xifenfei01.dbf' SIZE 25M AUTOEXTEND ON
  5  PATH_PREFIX = '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/xff/'
  6  FILE_NAME_CONVERT = ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/pdbseed/', 
  7  '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/xff/');

Pluggable database created.

SQL> select pdb_id,pdb_name,dbid,STATUS,CREATION_SCN  from dba_pdbs;

    PDB_ID PDB_NAME                             DBID STATUS        CREATION_SCN
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ------------- ------------
         2 PDB$SEED                       4044122081 NORMAL             1661281
         3 FF                             1565322182 NORMAL             1720654
         4 XFF_DB                         2272981748 NEW                1771028

OPEN PDB

SQL> alter pluggable database xff_db open;

Pluggable database altered.

SQL> select pdb_id,pdb_name,dbid,STATUS,CREATION_SCN  from dba_pdbs;

    PDB_ID PDB_NAME                             DBID STATUS        CREATION_SCN
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ------------- ------------
         2 PDB$SEED                       4044122081 NORMAL             1661281
         3 FF                             1565322182 NORMAL             1720654
         4 XFF_DB                         2272981748 NORMAL             1771028

SQL>  alter pluggable database all close immediate;

Pluggable database altered.

SQL> select con_id,dbid,NAME,OPEN_MODE from v$pdbs;

    CON_ID       DBID NAME                           OPEN_MODE
---------- ---------- ------------------------------ ----------
         2 4044122081 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY
         3 1565322182 FF                             MOUNTED
         4 2272981748 XFF_DB                         MOUNTED

SQL> alter pluggable database all open;

Pluggable database altered.

SQL> select con_id,dbid,NAME,OPEN_MODE from v$pdbs;

    CON_ID       DBID NAME                           OPEN_MODE
---------- ---------- ------------------------------ ----------
         2 4044122081 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY
         3 1565322182 FF                             READ WRITE
         4 2272981748 XFF_DB                         READ WRITE

Unplugging a PDB from a CDB

SQL> alter pluggable database FF close immediate;

Pluggable database altered.

SQL> alter  pluggable database ff UNPLUG into '/tmp/ff.xml';

Pluggable database altered.

DROP PDB

SQL> DROP PLUGGABLE DATABASE xff_db INCLUDING DATAFILES;

Pluggable database dropped.

SQL> DROP PLUGGABLE DATABASE ff INCLUDING DATAFILES;

Pluggable database dropped.

Plug Unplugged PDB into CDB

SQL> SELECT NAME,CDB FROM  V$DATABASE;

NAME      CDB
--------- ---
XFF_L     YES

SQL> create pluggable database ff using '/tmp/ff.xml'
  2  copy file_name_convert=('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/FF/','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/xff_l/xff');

Pluggable database created.

SQL> exec DBMS_PDB.SYNC_PDB();

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

SQL> select con_id,dbid,NAME,OPEN_MODE from v$pdbs;

    CON_ID       DBID NAME                           OPEN_MODE
---------- ---------- ------------------------------ ----------
         2 4043918109 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY
         3 2346805300 LX1                            MOUNTED
         4 2385557792 LX2                            MOUNTED
         5 1565384817 FF                             MOUNTED

SQL> alter pluggable database all open;

Pluggable database altered.

SQL> select con_id,dbid,NAME,OPEN_MODE from v$pdbs;

    CON_ID       DBID NAME                           OPEN_MODE
---------- ---------- ------------------------------ ----------
         2 4043918109 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY
         3 2346805300 LX1                            READ WRITE
         4 2385557792 LX2                            READ WRITE
         5 1565384817 FF                             READ WRITE

SQL> select name from v$datafile;

NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/xff_l/system01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/xff_l/pdbseed/system01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/xff_l/sysaux01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/xff_l/pdbseed/sysaux01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/xff_l/undotbs01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/xff_l/users01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/xff_l/LX1/system01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/xff_l/LX1/sysaux01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/xff_l/LX1/LX1_users01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/xff_l/LX2/system01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/xff_l/LX2/sysaux01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/xff_l/LX2/LX2_users01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/xff_l/xffsystem01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/xff_l/xffsysaux01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/xff_l/xffSAMPLE_SCHEMA_users01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/xff_l/xffexample01.dbf

16 rows selected.

补充说明:本部分内容比较多,本篇blog,只是对其中的很小一部分进行了测试,确实证明可以对pdb实现在不同的cdb中实现迁移,对于该项操作,可以在dbca和gc中实现相同操作.由于12c数据库尚未正式发布,该部分功能只是出于个人测试目的.

ORACLE 12C安装预览

关注中的ORACLE 12C今天装了下,发现几点不同之处截图如下





SQL> select * from v$version;

BANNER                                                                               CON_ID
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.0.2 - 64bit                         0
PL/SQL Release 12.1.0.0.2                                                                 0
CORE    12.1.0.0.2                                                                        0
TNS for Linux: Version 12.1.0.0.2                                                         0
NLSRTL Version 12.1.0.0.2                                                                 0

SQL> set pages 150
SQL> col name for a60 
SQL> select file#,name from v$datafile;

     FILE# NAME
---------- ------------------------------------------------------------
         1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/system01.dbf
         2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/pdbseed/system01.dbf
         3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/sysaux01.dbf
         4 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/pdbseed/sysaux01.dbf
         5 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/undotbs01.dbf
         6 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/users01.dbf
         7 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/LX1/system01.dbf
         8 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/LX1/sysaux01.dbf
         9 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/LX1/LX1_users01.dbf
        10 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/LX2/system01.dbf
        11 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/LX2/sysaux01.dbf
        12 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/LX2/LX2_users01.dbf

12 rows selected.

关于aud$对象相关处理

在日常的数据库维护中,经常出现因为数据库登录审计的功能启动,导致system表空间被用满.从而出现异常,一般建议把aud$相关对象迁移到其他表空间,从而避免system被用完的风险.
人工move aud$相关对象

alter table AUDIT$ move tablespace users;
alter table AUDIT_ACTIONS move tablespace users; 
alter table AUD$ move tablespace users;
alter table AUD$ move lob(SQLBIND) store as SYS_IL0000000384C00041$$ (tablespace users); 
alter table AUD$ move lob(SQLTEXT) store as SYS_IL0000000384C00041$$ (tablespace users);
alter index I_AUDIT rebuild online tablespace users;
alter index I_AUDIT_ACTIONS rebuild online tablespace users;

--可能修改值(index和lob index)
SQL> select COLUMN_NAME,index_name from dba_lobs where owner='SYS' and table_name='AUD$';

COLUMN_NAME                              INDEX_NAME
---------------------------------------- ------------------------------
SQLBIND                                  SYS_IL0000000384C00040$$
SQLTEXT                                  SYS_IL0000000384C00041$$

SQL> SELECT INDEX_NAME FROM DBA_INDEXES WHERE TABLE_NAME='AUD$';

INDEX_NAME
------------------------------
SYS_IL0000000384C00040$$
SYS_IL0000000384C00041$$

SQL> SELECT INDEX_NAME FROM DBA_INDEXES WHERE TABLE_NAME='AUDIT$';

INDEX_NAME
------------------------------
I_AUDIT

SQL>  SELECT INDEX_NAME FROM DBA_INDEXES WHERE TABLE_NAME='AUDIT_ACTIONS';

INDEX_NAME
------------------------------
I_AUDIT_ACTIONS

DBMS_AUDIT_MGMT实现迁移

conn / as sysdba 

BEGIN
DBMS_AUDIT_MGMT.SET_AUDIT_TRAIL_LOCATION(audit_trail_type => DBMS_AUDIT_MGMT.AUDIT_TRAIL_DB_STD,
audit_trail_location_value => 'USERS');
END;
/

验证DBMS_AUDIT_MGMT效果

SQL> select segment_name,tablespace_name from dba_segments where 
  2  segment_name in('AUD$','SYS_IL0000000384C00040$$','SYS_IL0000000384C00041$$',
  3  'AUDIT$','I_AUDIT','AUDIT_ACTIONS','I_AUDIT_ACTIONS');

SEGMENT_NAME                                                                      TABLESPACE_NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------
AUDIT_ACTIONS                                                                     SYSTEM
AUDIT$                                                                            SYSTEM
AUD$                                                                              SYSTEM
SYS_IL0000000384C00041$$                                                          SYSTEM
SYS_IL0000000384C00040$$                                                          SYSTEM
I_AUDIT_ACTIONS                                                                   SYSTEM
I_AUDIT                                                                           SYSTEM

SQL> BEGIN
  2  DBMS_AUDIT_MGMT.SET_AUDIT_TRAIL_LOCATION(audit_trail_type => DBMS_AUDIT_MGMT.AUDIT_TRAIL_DB_STD,
  3  audit_trail_location_value => 'USERS');
  4  END;
  5  /

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

SQL> select segment_name,tablespace_name from dba_segments where 
  2   segment_name in('AUD$','SYS_IL0000000384C00040$$','SYS_IL0000000384C00041$$',
  3   'AUDIT$','I_AUDIT','AUDIT_ACTIONS','I_AUDIT_ACTIONS');

SEGMENT_NAME                                                                      TABLESPACE_NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------
AUDIT_ACTIONS                                                                     SYSTEM
AUDIT$                                                                            SYSTEM
AUD$                                                                              USERS
SYS_IL0000000384C00041$$                                                          USERS
SYS_IL0000000384C00040$$                                                          USERS
I_AUDIT_ACTIONS                                                                   SYSTEM
I_AUDIT                                                                           SYSTEM

通过试验证明DBMS_AUDIT_MGMT就是迁移了AUD$表中相关对象,对于和审计相关的其他几个对象并未迁移到其他表空间

aud$相关说明
1.DBMS_AUDIT_MGMT版本支持情况

It is still not supported (but it works) to use it on 10.2.0.4 and 11.1.0.7 for non-Audit Vault Environment.

Using RDBMS with Audit Vault, it is supported  for 10.2.0.4.0 and 11.1.0.7.0 
as the DBMS_AUDIT_MGMT Package is provided to be used with an Audit Vault Environment.

2.该包可以实现在线迁移,特别是在高业务的系统中,可以实现在线迁移,而人工的move操作不能实现在线处理
3.对于AUD$对象,如果登录审计数据不是非常重要,可以通过truncate来解决一时的问题,在业务高的系统,可能truncate不能马上操作成功,可以尝试使用11gr2的新特性alter session set ddl_lock_timeout = 10;来实现自动ddl尝试
4.如果确定不需要登录审计功能,可以通过设置audit_trail=none来关闭(需要重启实例)

delete expired backup报ORA-19606错误处理

数据库版本(exadata x2 1/4)

SQL> select *from v$version;

BANNER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.2.0 - 64bit Production
PL/SQL Release 11.2.0.2.0 - Production
CORE    11.2.0.2.0      Production
TNS for Linux: Version 11.2.0.2.0 - Production
NLSRTL Version 11.2.0.2.0 - Production

使用delete expired backup报ORA-19606错

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03009: failure of delete command on ORA_DISK_4 channel at 12/05/2012 13:35:07
ORA-19606: Cannot copy or restore to snapshot control file

报错原因

The snapshot controlfile is cataloged as a controlfile coy and is now obsolete. 
RMAN cannot delete this file as it is used by rman. 

处理方法[ID 1215493.1]

Since RMAN will continue to use that file as it's snapshot copy, 
you must change the location/name that RMAN is using before it will allow you to delete the file. 

1. Set new name (or location) for RMAN to use for snapshot controlfile:

CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO 'C:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\PRODUCT\11.2.0\DBHOME_1\DATABASE\SNCF_temp.ORA';

2. Remove the snapshot controlfile from the RMAN information as a controlfile copy. 

delete 'C:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\PRODUCT\11.2.0\DBHOME_1\DATABASE\SNCFAXMPRD.ORA' on operating system. 

3. Crosscheck and delete the file from RMAN:

crosscheck controlfilecopy 'C:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\PRODUCT\11.2.0\DBHOME_1\DATABASE\SNCFAXMPRD.ORA';
delete expired controlfilecopy 'C:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\PRODUCT\11.2.0\DBHOME_1\DATABASE\SNCFAXMPRD.ORA';

4. Set the snapshot controlfile name (or location) to original:

CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO 'C:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\PRODUCT\11.2.0\DBHOME_1\DATABASE\SNCFAXMPRD.ORA';
5. Or to set the snapshot controlfile name back to default value:
CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME clear;

处理方法就是把SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE的配置路径改变,然后删除控制文件快照