bbed 找回被删除数据

创建模拟表数据

SQL> create table t_xifenfei(id number,name varchar2(10));

Table created.

SQL> insert into t_xifenfei values(1,'xifenfei');

1 row created.

SQL> insert into t_xifenfei values(2,'XIFENFEI');

1 row created.

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.

dump数据块

SQL> alter system flush BUFFER_CACHE;

System altered.

SQL> select   rowid,id,name,
  2  dbms_rowid.rowid_relative_fno(rowid)rel_fno,
  3  dbms_rowid.rowid_block_number(rowid)blockno,
  4  dbms_rowid.rowid_row_number(rowid) rowno
  5  from chf.t_xifenfei;

ROWID                      ID NAME          REL_FNO    BLOCKNO      ROWNO
------------------ ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
AAASdmAAEAAAACvAAA          1 xifenfei            4        175          0
AAASdmAAEAAAACvAAB          2 XIFENFEI            4        175          1

SQL> alter system dump datafile 4 block 175;

System altered.

dump文件内容

block_row_dump:
tab 0, row 0, @0x1f89
tl: 15 fb: --H-FL-- lb: 0x1  cc: 2
col  0: [ 2]  c1 02
col  1: [ 8]  78 69 66 65 6e 66 65 69
tab 0, row 1, @0x1f7a
tl: 15 fb: --H-FL-- lb: 0x1  cc: 2
col  0: [ 2]  c1 03
col  1: [ 8]  58 49 46 45 4e 46 45 49
end_of_block_dump
2012-05-01 05:09:29.287714 : kjbmbassert [0xaf.4]
End dump data blocks tsn: 4 file#: 4 minblk 175 maxblk 175

删除表数据

SQL> delete from t_xifenfei;

2 rows deleted.

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.

SQL> alter system flush BUFFER_CACHE;

System altered.

SQL> alter system dump datafile 4 block 175;

System altered.

dump文件内容

block_row_dump:
tab 0, row 0, @0x1f89
tl: 2 fb: --HDFL-- lb: 0x2 
tab 0, row 1, @0x1f7a
tl: 2 fb: --HDFL-- lb: 0x2 
end_of_block_dump
2012-05-01 05:13:35.214357 : kjbmbassert [0xaf.4]
End dump data blocks tsn: 4 file#: 4 minblk 175 maxblk 175

通过对比这两次的dump文件发现

1.数据内容被删除,并不是真正删除,而是给其增加了一个标识位(fd:---D----)
2.fb:--H-FL--(head of row piece+first data piece+last data piece )
  其有8个选项每个选项的值分别对应bitmask即32+8+4=44 or 0x2c
3.如果一个row被delete了,那么row flag就会更新,bitmask里的deleted被设置为16.
  此时row flag为:32+16+8+4 = 60 or 0x3c.
4.如果我们要找回来被删除的数据,只需要把3c改为2c即可

关闭数据库

SQL> select * from chf.t_xifenfei;

no rows selected

SQL> select name from v$datafile where file#=4;

NAME
------------------------------------------------
/tmp/user01.dbf

SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.

bbed修改数据

BBED> set filename '/tmp/user01.dbf'
        FILENAME        /tmp/user01.dbf

BBED> set block 175
        BLOCK#          175

BBED> set blocksize 8192
        BLOCKSIZE       8192

BBED> set mode edit
        MODE            Edit

BBED> map 
 File: /tmp/user01.dbf (0)
 Block: 175                                   Dba:0x00000000
------------------------------------------------------------
 KTB Data Block (Table/Cluster)

 struct kcbh, 20 bytes                      @0       

 struct ktbbh, 72 bytes                     @20      

 struct kdbh, 14 bytes                      @100     

 struct kdbt[1], 4 bytes                    @114     

 sb2 kdbr[2]                                @118     

 ub1 freespace[8036]                        @122     

 ub1 rowdata[30]                            @8158    

 ub4 tailchk                                @8188    

BBED> p *kdbr[0]
rowdata[15]
-----------
ub1 rowdata[15]                             @8173     0x3c

BBED> p *kdbr[1]
rowdata[0]
----------
ub1 rowdata[0]                              @8158     0x3c

BBED> m /x 2c offset 8158
 File: /tmp/user01.dbf (0)
 Block: 175              Offsets: 8158 to 8191           Dba:0x00000000
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 2c630202 c1030858 4946454e 46454932 630202c1 02087869 66656e66 65690106 
 b47e 

 <32 bytes per line>

BBED>  m /x 2c offset 8173
 File: /tmp/user01.dbf (0)
 Block: 175              Offsets: 8173 to 8191           Dba:0x00000000
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 2c630202 c1020878 6966656e 66656901 06b47e 

 <32 bytes per line>

BBED> sum apply
Check value for File 0, Block 175:
current = 0x4d13, required = 0x4d13

启动数据库验证

SQL> startup 
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  535662592 bytes
Fixed Size                  1346140 bytes
Variable Size             411043236 bytes
Database Buffers          117440512 bytes
Redo Buffers                5832704 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> select * from chf.t_xifenfei;

        ID NAME
---------- ----------
         1 xifenfei
         2 XIFENFEI

exp导出数据报EXP-00056/ORA-01403错误

exp导出数据报EXP-00056/ORA-01403错误

[oracle@xifenfei ~]$ exp chf/xifenfei file=/tmp/chf.dmp log=/tmp/chf.log owner=chf

Export: Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production on Sun Apr 29 03:11:31 2012

Copyright (c) 1982, 2002, Oracle Corporation.  All rights reserved.


Connected to: Oracle9i Enterprise Edition Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Oracle Data Mining options
JServer Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production
Export done in ZHS16GBK character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set
server uses WE8ISO8859P1 character set (possible charset conversion)

About to export specified users ...
. exporting pre-schema procedural objects and actions
. exporting foreign function library names for user CHF 
. exporting PUBLIC type synonyms
. exporting private type synonyms
. exporting object type definitions for user CHF 
About to export CHF's objects ...
. exporting database links
. exporting sequence numbers
. exporting cluster definitions
EXP-00056: ORACLE error 1403 encountered
ORA-01403: no data found
EXP-00000: Export terminated unsuccessfully

查看组件信息

SQL> select * from v$version;

BANNER
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Oracle9i Enterprise Edition Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production
PL/SQL Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production
CORE    9.2.0.3.0       Production
TNS for Linux: Version 9.2.0.4.0 - Production
NLSRTL Version 9.2.0.4.0 - Production

SQL> col comp_id for a15
SQL> col status for a7
SQL> col version for a10
SQL> col comp_name for a30
SQL> set pagesize 1000
SQL> SELECT substr(comp_id,1,15) comp_id, status, substr(version,1,10) version,
  2     substr(comp_name,1,30) comp_name FROM dba_registry ORDER BY 1;

COMP_ID         STATUS  VERSION    COMP_NAME
--------------- ------- ---------- ------------------------------
AMD             VALID   9.2.0.4.0  OLAP Catalog
APS             LOADED  9.2.0.4.0  OLAP Analytic Workspace
CATALOG         VALID   9.2.0.4.0  Oracle9i Catalog Views
CATJAVA         VALID   9.2.0.4.0  Oracle9i Java Packages
CATPROC         VALID   9.2.0.4.0  Oracle9i Packages and Types
CONTEXT         VALID   9.2.0.4.0  Oracle Text
JAVAVM          VALID   9.2.0.4.0  JServer JAVA Virtual Machine
ODM             LOADED  9.2.0.1.0  Oracle Data Mining
ORDIM           VALID   9.2.0.4.0  Oracle interMedia
OWM             VALID   9.2.0.1.0  Oracle Workspace Manager
SDO             LOADED  9.2.0.4.0  Spatial
WK              VALID   9.2.0.4.0  Oracle Ultra Search
XDB             VALID   9.2.0.4.0  Oracle XML Database
XML             VALID   9.2.0.6.0  Oracle XDK for Java
XOQ             LOADED  9.2.0.4.0  Oracle OLAP API

15 rows selected.

SQL> SELECT status, object_id, object_type, owner||'.'||object_name 
  2     "OWNER.OBJECT" FROM dba_objects WHERE owner='XDB' AND status != 'VALID' 
  3     ORDER BY 4,2;

no rows selected

做1403跟踪

SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET EVENTS '1403 trace name errorstack level 3';

[oracle@xifenfei ~]$ exp chf/xifenfei file=/tmp/chf.dmp log=/tmp/chf.log owner=chf

SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET EVENTS '1403 trace name errorstack off';

trace文件关键内容

*** SESSION ID:(11.17) 2012-04-29 03:17:13.555
*** 2012-04-29 03:17:13.555
ksedmp: internal or fatal error
ORA-01403: no data found
Current SQL statement for this session:
SELECT xdb_uid FROM SYS.EXU9XDBUID

问题原因
因为控制文件重建或者使用历史控制文件恢复,忘记添加临时文件

SQL> select name from v$tempfile;

no rows selected

解决方法
添加临时文件

SQL> alter tablespace TEMP add tempfile
  2 '/u01/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/temp01.dbf' size 10M reuse;

Tablespace altered.

SQL> select name from v$tempfile;

NAME
------------------------------------------------
/u01/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/temp01.dbf

验证exp导出

[oracle@xifenfei udump]$ exp chf/xifenfei file=/tmp/chf.dmp log=/tmp/chf.log owner=chf

Export: Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production on Sun Apr 29 05:20:21 2012

Copyright (c) 1982, 2002, Oracle Corporation.  All rights reserved.


Connected to: Oracle9i Enterprise Edition Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Oracle Data Mining options
JServer Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production
Export done in ZHS16GBK character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set
server uses WE8ISO8859P1 character set (possible charset conversion)

About to export specified users ...
. exporting pre-schema procedural objects and actions
. exporting foreign function library names for user CHF 
. exporting PUBLIC type synonyms
. exporting private type synonyms
. exporting object type definitions for user CHF 
About to export CHF's objects ...
. exporting database links
. exporting sequence numbers
. exporting cluster definitions
. about to export CHF's tables via Conventional Path ...
. . exporting table ACC_OWE_TASK_LIST_HIS_07711202       4111 rows exported
. . exporting table                   CHF_XIFENFEI        868 rows exported
. . exporting table                     PLAN_TABLE          0 rows exported
. . exporting table                        T_XFF01          0 rows exported
. . exporting table                     T_XIFENFEI          1 rows exported
. exporting synonyms
. exporting views
. exporting stored procedures
. exporting operators
. exporting referential integrity constraints
. exporting triggers
. exporting indextypes
. exporting bitmap, functional and extensible indexes
. exporting posttables actions
. exporting materialized views
. exporting snapshot logs
. exporting job queues
. exporting refresh groups and children
. exporting dimensions
. exporting post-schema procedural objects and actions
. exporting statistics
Export terminated successfully no warnings.

sql profile 使用

本实验室为了说明sql profile的使用方法,不去研讨sql的执行效率.通过sql profile的方法使得一条本该使用index的sql该走全表扫描.
创建模拟表

SQL> select * from v$version;

BANNER
-----------------------------------------------------------------------

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
PL/SQL Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
CORE    11.2.0.3.0      Production
TNS for 32-bit Windows: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
NLSRTL Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production

SQL> create table t_xifenfei as select * from dba_objects;

表已创建。

SQL> create index i_xifenfei on t_xifenfei(object_id);

索引已创建。

SQL> EXEC DBMS_STATS.gather_table_stats(user,'T_XIFENFEI',CASCADE=>TRUE);

PL/SQL 过程已成功完成。

默认使用INDEX

SQL> SET AUTOT TRACE EXP
SQL> SELECT OBJECT_NAME FROM T_XIFENFEI WHERE OBJECT_ID=100;

执行计划
----------------------------------------------------------
Plan hash value: 1926396081

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

| Id  | Operation                   | Name       | Rows  | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)|Time     |

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT            |            |     1 |    30 |     2   (0)|00:00:01 |

|   1 |  TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID| T_XIFENFEI |     1 |    30 |     2   (0)|00:00:01 |

|*  2 |   INDEX RANGE SCAN          | I_XIFENFEI |     1 |       |     1   (0)|00:00:01 |

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------

   2 - access("OBJECT_ID"=100)

使用hint实现全表扫描

SQL> SELECT /*+ FULL(T_XIFENFEI)*/OBJECT_NAME FROM T_XIFENFEI WHERE OBJECT_ID=10
0;

执行计划
----------------------------------------------------------
Plan hash value: 548923532

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

| Id  | Operation         | Name       | Rows  | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time     |

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT  |            |     1 |    30 |   300   (1)| 00:00:04 |

|*  1 |  TABLE ACCESS FULL| T_XIFENFEI |     1 |    30 |   300   (1)| 00:00:04 |

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------


Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------

   1 - filter("OBJECT_ID"=100)

查找hint对应sql的sql_id

SQL> SELECT SQL_ID,SQL_TEXT FROM V$SQL WHERE SQL_TEXT LIKE '%/*+ FULL(T_XIFENFEI)*/%';

SQL_ID
-------------
SQL_TEXT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

0bbt69m5yhf3p
SELECT /*+ FULL(T_XIFENFEI)*/OBJECT_NAME FROM T_XIFENFEI WHERE OBJECT_ID=100

68r1cnxmn8fjk
SELECT SQL_ID,SQL_TEXT FROM V$SQL WHERE SQL_TEXT LIKE '%/*+ FULL(T_XIFENFEI)*/%'


ddmhrzhatfdyh
EXPLAIN PLAN SET STATEMENT_ID='PLUS570193' FOR SELECT /*+ FULL(T_XIFENFEI)*/OBJE

CT_NAME FROM T_XIFENFEI WHERE OBJECT_ID=100

SQL_ID
-------------
SQL_TEXT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------


bybs0sds8yu9c
SELECT SQL_ID FROM V$SQL WHERE SQL_TEXT LIKE '%/*+ FULL(T_XIFENFEI)*/%'

获得对应Outline

SQL> SET PAGESIZE 10000
SQL> select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor('0bbt69m5yhf3p',null,'outline'));

PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

SQL_ID  0bbt69m5yhf3p, child number 0
-------------------------------------
SELECT /*+ FULL(T_XIFENFEI)*/OBJECT_NAME FROM T_XIFENFEI WHERE OBJECT_ID=100

Plan hash value: 548923532

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

| Id  | Operation         | Name       | Rows  | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time     |

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT  |            |       |       |   300 (100)|          |

|*  1 |  TABLE ACCESS FULL| T_XIFENFEI |     1 |    30 |   300   (1)| 00:00:04 |

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------


Outline Data
-------------

  /*+
      BEGIN_OUTLINE_DATA
      IGNORE_OPTIM_EMBEDDED_HINTS
      OPTIMIZER_FEATURES_ENABLE('11.2.0.3')
      DB_VERSION('11.2.0.3')
      ALL_ROWS
      OUTLINE_LEAF(@"SEL$1")
      FULL(@"SEL$1" "T_XIFENFEI"@"SEL$1")
      END_OUTLINE_DATA
  */

Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------

   1 - filter("OBJECT_ID"=100)


已选择33行。

创建sql profile

declare
 v_hints sys.sqlprof_attr;
 begin
 v_hints:=sys.sqlprof_attr(
      'BEGIN_OUTLINE_DATA',
      'IGNORE_OPTIM_EMBEDDED_HINTS',
      'OPTIMIZER_FEATURES_ENABLE(''11.2.0.3'')',
      'DB_VERSION(''11.2.0.3'')',
      'ALL_ROWS',
      'OUTLINE_LEAF(@"SEL$1")',
      'FULL(@"SEL$1" "T_XIFENFEI"@"SEL$1")',   --这个是由于hint产生,其实我们需要的就是这个
      'END_OUTLINE_DATA');
dbms_sqltune.import_sql_profile(
'SELECT OBJECT_NAME FROM T_XIFENFEI WHERE OBJECT_ID=100',
v_hints,'SQLPROFILE_XIFENFEI',                 --sql profile 名称
force_match=>true,replace=>true);
end;
/

验证sql profile

SQL> SELECT OBJECT_NAME FROM T_XIFENFEI WHERE OBJECT_ID=100;

执行计划
----------------------------------------------------------
Plan hash value: 548923532

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

| Id  | Operation         | Name       | Rows  | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time     |

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT  |            |     1 |    30 |   300   (1)| 00:00:04 |

|*  1 |  TABLE ACCESS FULL| T_XIFENFEI |     1 |    30 |   300   (1)| 00:00:04 |

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------


Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------

   1 - filter("OBJECT_ID"=100)

Note
-----
   - SQL profile "SQLPROFILE_XIFENFEI" used for this statement

DB2 主要行级锁模拟

S行锁和X行锁模拟

--会话1
[db2inst1@xifenfei ~]$ db2 "create table t_xifenfei(id int,name varchar(100))"
DB20000I  The SQL command completed successfully.
[db2inst1@xifenfei ~]$ db2 +c "insert into t_xifenfei values(1,'www.orasos.com')"
DB20000I  The SQL command completed successfully.
[db2inst1@xifenfei ~]$ db2pd -d xifenfei -locks

Database Partition 0 -- Database XIFENFEI -- Active -- Up 0 days 02:07:02 -- Date 2012-04-29-01.46.48.462742

Locks:
Address    TranHdl    Lockname                   Type       Mode Sts Owner      Dur HoldCount  Att  ReleaseFlg
0x99B3AE40 8          53514C4332473137315992A241 Internal P ..S  G   8          1   0          0x00 0x40000000 
0x99B3A690 8          02000700040080000000000052 Row        ..X  G   8          1   0          0x08 0x40000000 
0x99B3A6F0 8          02000700000000000000000054 Table      .IX  G   8          1   0          0x00 0x40000000 

--会话2
[db2inst1@xifenfei ~]$ db2 "select * from t_xifenfei"
hang住

--会话3查询等待
[db2inst1@xifenfei ~]$ db2pd -d xifenfei -locks

Database Partition 0 -- Database XIFENFEI -- Active -- Up 0 days 02:08:40 -- Date 2012-04-29-01.48.26.676607

Locks:
Address    TranHdl    Lockname                   Type       Mode Sts Owner      Dur HoldCount  Att  ReleaseFlg
0x99B3AE40 8          53514C4332473137315992A241 Internal P ..S  G   8          1   0          0x00 0x40000000 
0x99B3A540 7          53514C4332473137315992A241 Internal P ..S  G   7          1   0          0x00 0x40000000 
0x99B3A690 8          02000700040080000000000052 Row        ..X  G   8          1   0          0x08 0x40000000 
0x99B40C60 7          02000700040080000000000052 Row        .NS  W   8          1   0          0x00 0x00000001 
0x99B3A420 7          02000000010000000100407056 Internal V ..S  G   7          1   0          0x00 0x40000000 
0x99B3A6F0 8          02000700000000000000000054 Table      .IX  G   8          1   0          0x00 0x40000000 
0x99B3A510 7          02000700000000000000000054 Table      .IS  G   7          1   0          0x00 0x00000001 
--这里可以发现Sts=W(STATUS=WAIT),会话的NS锁处于等待状态

--会话1
[db2inst1@xifenfei ~]$ db2 commit
DB20000I  The SQL command completed successfully.

--会话2
[db2inst1@xifenfei ~]$ db2 "select * from t_xifenfei"

ID          NAME                                                                                                
----------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          1 www.orasos.com                                                                                    

  1 record(s) selected.
--结果出现

--会话3
[db2inst1@xifenfei ~]$ db2pd -d xifenfei -locks

Database Partition 0 -- Database XIFENFEI -- Active -- Up 0 days 02:09:06 -- Date 2012-04-29-01.48.52.069878

Locks:
Address    TranHdl    Lockname                   Type       Mode Sts Owner      Dur HoldCount  Att  ReleaseFlg

U锁模拟

--会话1
[db2inst1@xifenfei ~]$ db2 +c "declare c1 cursor for select * from t_xifenfei for update"
DB20000I  The SQL command completed successfully.
[db2inst1@xifenfei ~]$ db2 +c open c1
DB20000I  The SQL command completed successfully.
[db2inst1@xifenfei ~]$ db2 +c fetch c1

ID          NAME                                                                                                
----------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          1 WWW.XIFENFEI.COM                                                                                    

  1 record(s) selected.

--会话2
[db2inst1@xifenfei ~]$ db2pd -d xifenfei -locks

Database Partition 0 -- Database XIFENFEI -- Active -- Up 0 days 02:27:27 -- Date 2012-04-29-02.07.13.594441

Locks:
Address    TranHdl    Lockname                   Type       Mode Sts Owner      Dur HoldCount  Att  ReleaseFlg
0x99B3A420 7          53514C4332473137315992A241 Internal P ..S  G   7          1   0          0x00 0x40000000 
0x99B3A510 7          02000700040080000000000052 Row        ..U  G   7          1   0          0x00 0x00000001 
0x99B40C60 7          01000000010000000100807256 Internal V ..S  G   7          1   0          0x00 0x40000000 
0x99B3A4E0 7          02000700000000000000000054 Table      .IX  G   7          1   0          0x00 0x00000001 

--会话1
[db2inst1@xifenfei ~]$ db2 +c "update t_xifenfei set name='www.orasos.com'"
DB20000I  The SQL command completed successfully.

--会话2
[db2inst1@xifenfei ~]$ db2pd -d xifenfei -locks

Database Partition 0 -- Database XIFENFEI -- Active -- Up 0 days 02:27:44 -- Date 2012-04-29-02.07.30.684616

Locks:
Address    TranHdl    Lockname                   Type       Mode Sts Owner      Dur HoldCount  Att  ReleaseFlg
0x99B3A420 7          53514C4332473137315992A241 Internal P ..S  G   7          1   0          0x00 0x40000000 
0x99B3A510 7          02000700040080000000000052 Row        ..X  G   7          2   0          0x00 0x40000001 
0x99B40C60 7          01000000010000000100807256 Internal V ..S  G   7          1   0          0x00 0x40000000 
0x99B3A4E0 7          02000700000000000000000054 Table      .IX  G   7          2   0          0x00 0x40000001 
--行级锁由U升级到X

--会话1
[db2inst1@xifenfei ~]$ db2 commit
DB20000I  The SQL command completed successfully.

--会话2
[db2inst1@xifenfei ~]$ db2pd -d xifenfei -locks

Database Partition 0 -- Database XIFENFEI -- Active -- Up 0 days 02:31:43 -- Date 2012-04-29-02.11.29.167659

Locks:
Address    TranHdl    Lockname                   Type       Mode Sts Owner      Dur HoldCount  Att  ReleaseFlg
Posted in DB2 |

ASM未正常启动,使用dd找回数据文件

本篇主要测试在ASM未启动状态下,如何找出找出文件文件对应的AU,并且通过dd还原出数据文件
参考文档:ASM的文件管理深入解析(内含开源的ASM文件挖掘研究版程序)
模拟测试数据

SQL> alter database datafile '+XIFENFEI/xff/datafile/xifenfei.268.781905429' resize 50M ;

Database altered.

SQL> alter database datafile '+XIFENFEI/xff/datafile/xifenfei.268.781905429' autoextend off;

Database altered.

SQL> select GROUP_NUMBER from V$ASM_DISKGROUP where NAME like '%XIFENFEI%';
 
GROUP_NUMBER
------------
           2

SQL> select DISK_NUMBER,path from v$asm_disk where GROUP_NUMBER=2;

DISK_NUMBER PATH
----------- ---------------------------------------------
          1 /dev/oracleasm/disks/VOL4
          0 /dev/oracleasm/disks/VOL3

SQL> create table t_xifenfei tablespace xifenfei
  2  as
  3  select  * from dba_objects;

Table created.

SQL> select count(*)  from t_xifenfei;

  COUNT(*)
----------
     74537

kfed找出相关AU映射

------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1号文件的第一个AU(0号盘2号AU)中,只能保存1至255号文件的。
从256号文件开始,AU的分布信息保存在1号文件第二个AU中,也就是(1号盘,64号AU)。
其中第一个块(0号块),对应256号文件。1号块对应257号文件,等等,依此类推。
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[grid@rac1 disks]$  kfed read /dev/oracleasm/disks/VOL3 aun=2 blkn=1|more

kfffde[0].xptr.au:                    2 ; 0x4a0: 0x00000002
kfffde[0].xptr.disk:                  0 ; 0x4a4: 0x0000
kfffde[0].xptr.flags:                 0 ; 0x4a6: L=0 E=0 D=0 S=0
kfffde[0].xptr.chk:                  40 ; 0x4a7: 0x28
kfffde[1].xptr.au:                   64 ; 0x4a8: 0x00000040
kfffde[1].xptr.disk:                  1 ; 0x4ac: 0x0001
kfffde[1].xptr.flags:                 0 ; 0x4ae: L=0 E=0 D=0 S=0
kfffde[1].xptr.chk:                 107 ; 0x4af: 0x6b
kfffde[2].xptr.au:           4294967295 ; 0x4b0: 0xffffffff
kfffde[2].xptr.disk:              65535 ; 0x4b4: 0xffff
kfffde[2].xptr.flags:                 0 ; 0x4b6: L=0 E=0 D=0 S=0
kfffde[2].xptr.chk:                  42 ; 0x4b7: 0x2a

[grid@rac1 disks]$  kfed read /dev/oracleasm/disks/VOL4 aun=64 blkn=12|more
kfffde[0].xptr.au:                  681 ; 0x4a0: 0x000002a9
kfffde[0].xptr.disk:                  0 ; 0x4a4: 0x0000
kfffde[0].xptr.flags:                 0 ; 0x4a6: L=0 E=0 D=0 S=0
kfffde[0].xptr.chk:                 129 ; 0x4a7: 0x81
kfffde[1].xptr.au:                 1092 ; 0x4a8: 0x00000444
kfffde[1].xptr.disk:                  1 ; 0x4ac: 0x0001
kfffde[1].xptr.flags:                 0 ; 0x4ae: L=0 E=0 D=0 S=0
kfffde[1].xptr.chk:                 107 ; 0x4af: 0x6b
kfffde[2].xptr.au:                 1093 ; 0x4b0: 0x00000445
kfffde[2].xptr.disk:                  1 ; 0x4b4: 0x0001
kfffde[2].xptr.flags:                 0 ; 0x4b6: L=0 E=0 D=0 S=0
kfffde[2].xptr.chk:                 106 ; 0x4b7: 0x6a
kfffde[3].xptr.au:                  682 ; 0x4b8: 0x000002aa
kfffde[3].xptr.disk:                  0 ; 0x4bc: 0x0000
kfffde[3].xptr.flags:                 0 ; 0x4be: L=0 E=0 D=0 S=0
kfffde[3].xptr.chk:                 130 ; 0x4bf: 0x82
kfffde[4].xptr.au:                 1094 ; 0x4c0: 0x00000446
kfffde[4].xptr.disk:                  1 ; 0x4c4: 0x0001
kfffde[4].xptr.flags:                 0 ; 0x4c6: L=0 E=0 D=0 S=0
kfffde[4].xptr.chk:                 105 ; 0x4c7: 0x69
kfffde[5].xptr.au:                 1095 ; 0x4c8: 0x00000447
kfffde[5].xptr.disk:                  1 ; 0x4cc: 0x0001
kfffde[5].xptr.flags:                 0 ; 0x4ce: L=0 E=0 D=0 S=0
kfffde[5].xptr.chk:                 104 ; 0x4cf: 0x68
kfffde[6].xptr.au:                  683 ; 0x4d0: 0x000002ab
kfffde[6].xptr.disk:                  0 ; 0x4d4: 0x0000
kfffde[6].xptr.flags:                 0 ; 0x4d6: L=0 E=0 D=0 S=0
kfffde[6].xptr.chk:                 131 ; 0x4d7: 0x83
kfffde[7].xptr.au:                 1096 ; 0x4d8: 0x00000448
kfffde[7].xptr.disk:                  1 ; 0x4dc: 0x0001
kfffde[7].xptr.flags:                 0 ; 0x4de: L=0 E=0 D=0 S=0
kfffde[7].xptr.chk:                 103 ; 0x4df: 0x67
kfffde[8].xptr.au:                  684 ; 0x4e0: 0x000002ac
kfffde[8].xptr.disk:                  0 ; 0x4e4: 0x0000
kfffde[8].xptr.flags:                 0 ; 0x4e6: L=0 E=0 D=0 S=0
kfffde[8].xptr.chk:                 132 ; 0x4e7: 0x84
kfffde[9].xptr.au:                 1097 ; 0x4e8: 0x00000449
kfffde[9].xptr.disk:                  1 ; 0x4ec: 0x0001
kfffde[9].xptr.flags:                 0 ; 0x4ee: L=0 E=0 D=0 S=0
kfffde[9].xptr.chk:                 102 ; 0x4ef: 0x66
kfffde[10].xptr.au:                1098 ; 0x4f0: 0x0000044a
kfffde[10].xptr.disk:                 1 ; 0x4f4: 0x0001
kfffde[10].xptr.flags:                0 ; 0x4f6: L=0 E=0 D=0 S=0
kfffde[10].xptr.chk:                101 ; 0x4f7: 0x65
kfffde[11].xptr.au:                 685 ; 0x4f8: 0x000002ad
kfffde[11].xptr.disk:                 0 ; 0x4fc: 0x0000
kfffde[11].xptr.flags:                0 ; 0x4fe: L=0 E=0 D=0 S=0
kfffde[11].xptr.chk:                133 ; 0x4ff: 0x85
kfffde[12].xptr.au:                1099 ; 0x500: 0x0000044b
kfffde[12].xptr.disk:                 1 ; 0x504: 0x0001
kfffde[12].xptr.flags:                0 ; 0x506: L=0 E=0 D=0 S=0
kfffde[12].xptr.chk:                100 ; 0x507: 0x64
kfffde[13].xptr.au:                 686 ; 0x508: 0x000002ae
kfffde[13].xptr.disk:                 0 ; 0x50c: 0x0000
kfffde[13].xptr.flags:                0 ; 0x50e: L=0 E=0 D=0 S=0
kfffde[13].xptr.chk:                134 ; 0x50f: 0x86
kfffde[14].xptr.au:                1100 ; 0x510: 0x0000044c
kfffde[14].xptr.disk:                 1 ; 0x514: 0x0001
kfffde[14].xptr.flags:                0 ; 0x516: L=0 E=0 D=0 S=0
kfffde[14].xptr.chk:                 99 ; 0x517: 0x63
kfffde[15].xptr.au:                1101 ; 0x518: 0x0000044d
kfffde[15].xptr.disk:                 1 ; 0x51c: 0x0001
kfffde[15].xptr.flags:                0 ; 0x51e: L=0 E=0 D=0 S=0
kfffde[15].xptr.chk:                 98 ; 0x51f: 0x62
kfffde[16].xptr.au:                 687 ; 0x520: 0x000002af
kfffde[16].xptr.disk:                 0 ; 0x524: 0x0000
kfffde[16].xptr.flags:                0 ; 0x526: L=0 E=0 D=0 S=0
kfffde[16].xptr.chk:                135 ; 0x527: 0x87
kfffde[17].xptr.au:                1102 ; 0x528: 0x0000044e
kfffde[17].xptr.disk:                 1 ; 0x52c: 0x0001
kfffde[17].xptr.flags:                0 ; 0x52e: L=0 E=0 D=0 S=0
kfffde[17].xptr.chk:                 97 ; 0x52f: 0x61
kfffde[18].xptr.au:                1103 ; 0x530: 0x0000044f
kfffde[18].xptr.disk:                 1 ; 0x534: 0x0001
kfffde[18].xptr.flags:                0 ; 0x536: L=0 E=0 D=0 S=0
kfffde[18].xptr.chk:                 96 ; 0x537: 0x60
kfffde[19].xptr.au:                 688 ; 0x538: 0x000002b0
kfffde[19].xptr.disk:                 0 ; 0x53c: 0x0000
kfffde[19].xptr.flags:                0 ; 0x53e: L=0 E=0 D=0 S=0
kfffde[19].xptr.chk:                152 ; 0x53f: 0x98
kfffde[20].xptr.au:                1104 ; 0x540: 0x00000450
kfffde[20].xptr.disk:                 1 ; 0x544: 0x0001
kfffde[20].xptr.flags:                0 ; 0x546: L=0 E=0 D=0 S=0
kfffde[20].xptr.chk:                127 ; 0x547: 0x7f
kfffde[21].xptr.au:                 689 ; 0x548: 0x000002b1
kfffde[21].xptr.disk:                 0 ; 0x54c: 0x0000
kfffde[21].xptr.flags:                0 ; 0x54e: L=0 E=0 D=0 S=0
kfffde[21].xptr.chk:                153 ; 0x54f: 0x99
kfffde[22].xptr.au:                1105 ; 0x550: 0x00000451
kfffde[22].xptr.disk:                 1 ; 0x554: 0x0001
kfffde[22].xptr.flags:                0 ; 0x556: L=0 E=0 D=0 S=0
kfffde[22].xptr.chk:                126 ; 0x557: 0x7e
kfffde[23].xptr.au:                1106 ; 0x558: 0x00000452
kfffde[23].xptr.disk:                 1 ; 0x55c: 0x0001
kfffde[23].xptr.flags:                0 ; 0x55e: L=0 E=0 D=0 S=0
kfffde[23].xptr.chk:                125 ; 0x55f: 0x7d
kfffde[24].xptr.au:                 690 ; 0x560: 0x000002b2
kfffde[24].xptr.disk:                 0 ; 0x564: 0x0000
kfffde[24].xptr.flags:                0 ; 0x566: L=0 E=0 D=0 S=0
kfffde[24].xptr.chk:                154 ; 0x567: 0x9a
kfffde[25].xptr.au:                1107 ; 0x568: 0x00000453
kfffde[25].xptr.disk:                 1 ; 0x56c: 0x0001
kfffde[25].xptr.flags:                0 ; 0x56e: L=0 E=0 D=0 S=0
kfffde[25].xptr.chk:                124 ; 0x56f: 0x7c
kfffde[26].xptr.au:                 691 ; 0x570: 0x000002b3
kfffde[26].xptr.disk:                 0 ; 0x574: 0x0000
kfffde[26].xptr.flags:                0 ; 0x576: L=0 E=0 D=0 S=0
kfffde[26].xptr.chk:                155 ; 0x577: 0x9b
kfffde[27].xptr.au:                1108 ; 0x578: 0x00000454
kfffde[27].xptr.disk:                 1 ; 0x57c: 0x0001
kfffde[27].xptr.flags:                0 ; 0x57e: L=0 E=0 D=0 S=0
kfffde[27].xptr.chk:                123 ; 0x57f: 0x7b
kfffde[28].xptr.au:                1109 ; 0x580: 0x00000455
kfffde[28].xptr.disk:                 1 ; 0x584: 0x0001
kfffde[28].xptr.flags:                0 ; 0x586: L=0 E=0 D=0 S=0
kfffde[28].xptr.chk:                122 ; 0x587: 0x7a
kfffde[29].xptr.au:                 692 ; 0x588: 0x000002b4
kfffde[29].xptr.disk:                 0 ; 0x58c: 0x0000
kfffde[29].xptr.flags:                0 ; 0x58e: L=0 E=0 D=0 S=0
kfffde[29].xptr.chk:                156 ; 0x58f: 0x9c
kfffde[30].xptr.au:                1110 ; 0x590: 0x00000456
kfffde[30].xptr.disk:                 1 ; 0x594: 0x0001
kfffde[30].xptr.flags:                0 ; 0x596: L=0 E=0 D=0 S=0
kfffde[30].xptr.chk:                121 ; 0x597: 0x79
kfffde[31].xptr.au:                1111 ; 0x598: 0x00000457
kfffde[31].xptr.disk:                 1 ; 0x59c: 0x0001
kfffde[31].xptr.flags:                0 ; 0x59e: L=0 E=0 D=0 S=0
kfffde[31].xptr.chk:                120 ; 0x59f: 0x78
kfffde[32].xptr.au:                 693 ; 0x5a0: 0x000002b5
kfffde[32].xptr.disk:                 0 ; 0x5a4: 0x0000
kfffde[32].xptr.flags:                0 ; 0x5a6: L=0 E=0 D=0 S=0
kfffde[32].xptr.chk:                157 ; 0x5a7: 0x9d
kfffde[33].xptr.au:                1112 ; 0x5a8: 0x00000458
kfffde[33].xptr.disk:                 1 ; 0x5ac: 0x0001
kfffde[33].xptr.flags:                0 ; 0x5ae: L=0 E=0 D=0 S=0
kfffde[33].xptr.chk:                119 ; 0x5af: 0x77
kfffde[34].xptr.au:                 694 ; 0x5b0: 0x000002b6
kfffde[34].xptr.disk:                 0 ; 0x5b4: 0x0000
kfffde[34].xptr.flags:                0 ; 0x5b6: L=0 E=0 D=0 S=0
kfffde[34].xptr.chk:                158 ; 0x5b7: 0x9e
kfffde[35].xptr.au:                1113 ; 0x5b8: 0x00000459
kfffde[35].xptr.disk:                 1 ; 0x5bc: 0x0001
kfffde[35].xptr.flags:                0 ; 0x5be: L=0 E=0 D=0 S=0
kfffde[35].xptr.chk:                118 ; 0x5bf: 0x76
kfffde[36].xptr.au:                1114 ; 0x5c0: 0x0000045a
kfffde[36].xptr.disk:                 1 ; 0x5c4: 0x0001
kfffde[36].xptr.flags:                0 ; 0x5c6: L=0 E=0 D=0 S=0
kfffde[36].xptr.chk:                117 ; 0x5c7: 0x75
kfffde[37].xptr.au:                 695 ; 0x5c8: 0x000002b7
kfffde[37].xptr.disk:                 0 ; 0x5cc: 0x0000
kfffde[37].xptr.flags:                0 ; 0x5ce: L=0 E=0 D=0 S=0
kfffde[37].xptr.chk:                159 ; 0x5cf: 0x9f
kfffde[38].xptr.au:                1115 ; 0x5d0: 0x0000045b
kfffde[38].xptr.disk:                 1 ; 0x5d4: 0x0001
kfffde[38].xptr.flags:                0 ; 0x5d6: L=0 E=0 D=0 S=0
kfffde[38].xptr.chk:                116 ; 0x5d7: 0x74
kfffde[39].xptr.au:                1116 ; 0x5d8: 0x0000045c
kfffde[39].xptr.disk:                 1 ; 0x5dc: 0x0001
kfffde[39].xptr.flags:                0 ; 0x5de: L=0 E=0 D=0 S=0
kfffde[39].xptr.chk:                115 ; 0x5df: 0x73
kfffde[40].xptr.au:                 696 ; 0x5e0: 0x000002b8
kfffde[40].xptr.disk:                 0 ; 0x5e4: 0x0000
kfffde[40].xptr.flags:                0 ; 0x5e6: L=0 E=0 D=0 S=0
kfffde[40].xptr.chk:                144 ; 0x5e7: 0x90
kfffde[41].xptr.au:                1117 ; 0x5e8: 0x0000045d
kfffde[41].xptr.disk:                 1 ; 0x5ec: 0x0001
kfffde[41].xptr.flags:                0 ; 0x5ee: L=0 E=0 D=0 S=0
kfffde[41].xptr.chk:                114 ; 0x5ef: 0x72
kfffde[42].xptr.au:                 697 ; 0x5f0: 0x000002b9
kfffde[42].xptr.disk:                 0 ; 0x5f4: 0x0000
kfffde[42].xptr.flags:                0 ; 0x5f6: L=0 E=0 D=0 S=0
kfffde[42].xptr.chk:                145 ; 0x5f7: 0x91
kfffde[43].xptr.au:                1118 ; 0x5f8: 0x0000045e
kfffde[43].xptr.disk:                 1 ; 0x5fc: 0x0001
kfffde[43].xptr.flags:                0 ; 0x5fe: L=0 E=0 D=0 S=0
kfffde[43].xptr.chk:                113 ; 0x5ff: 0x71
kfffde[44].xptr.au:                1119 ; 0x600: 0x0000045f
kfffde[44].xptr.disk:                 1 ; 0x604: 0x0001
kfffde[44].xptr.flags:                0 ; 0x606: L=0 E=0 D=0 S=0
kfffde[44].xptr.chk:                112 ; 0x607: 0x70
kfffde[45].xptr.au:                 698 ; 0x608: 0x000002ba
kfffde[45].xptr.disk:                 0 ; 0x60c: 0x0000
kfffde[45].xptr.flags:                0 ; 0x60e: L=0 E=0 D=0 S=0
kfffde[45].xptr.chk:                146 ; 0x60f: 0x92
kfffde[46].xptr.au:                1120 ; 0x610: 0x00000460
kfffde[46].xptr.disk:                 1 ; 0x614: 0x0001
kfffde[46].xptr.flags:                0 ; 0x616: L=0 E=0 D=0 S=0
kfffde[46].xptr.chk:                 79 ; 0x617: 0x4f
kfffde[47].xptr.au:                 699 ; 0x618: 0x000002bb
kfffde[47].xptr.disk:                 0 ; 0x61c: 0x0000
kfffde[47].xptr.flags:                0 ; 0x61e: L=0 E=0 D=0 S=0
kfffde[47].xptr.chk:                147 ; 0x61f: 0x93
kfffde[48].xptr.au:                1121 ; 0x620: 0x00000461
kfffde[48].xptr.disk:                 1 ; 0x624: 0x0001
kfffde[48].xptr.flags:                0 ; 0x626: L=0 E=0 D=0 S=0
kfffde[48].xptr.chk:                 78 ; 0x627: 0x4e
kfffde[49].xptr.au:                1122 ; 0x628: 0x00000462
kfffde[49].xptr.disk:                 1 ; 0x62c: 0x0001
kfffde[49].xptr.flags:                0 ; 0x62e: L=0 E=0 D=0 S=0
kfffde[49].xptr.chk:                 77 ; 0x62f: 0x4d
kfffde[50].xptr.au:                 700 ; 0x630: 0x000002bc
kfffde[50].xptr.disk:                 0 ; 0x634: 0x0000
kfffde[50].xptr.flags:                0 ; 0x636: L=0 E=0 D=0 S=0
kfffde[50].xptr.chk:                148 ; 0x637: 0x94
--到此截止
kfffde[51].xptr.au:          4294967295 ; 0x638: 0xffffffff
kfffde[51].xptr.disk:             65535 ; 0x63c: 0xffff
kfffde[51].xptr.flags:                0 ; 0x63e: L=0 E=0 D=0 S=0
kfffde[51].xptr.chk:                 42 ; 0x63f: 0x2a

dd操作

[grid@rac1 disks]$ dd if=/dev/oracleasm/disks/VOL3 bs=1024k count=1 skip=681 seek=0 of=/tmp/xifenfei01.dbf
1+0 records in
1+0 records out
1048576 bytes (1.0 MB) copied, 0.0924808 seconds, 11.3 MB/s
[grid@rac1 disks]$ dd if=/dev/oracleasm/disks/VOL4 bs=1024k count=1 skip=1092 seek=1 of=/tmp/xifenfei01.dbf
1+0 records in
1+0 records out
1048576 bytes (1.0 MB) copied, 0.051765 seconds, 20.3 MB/s
[grid@rac1 disks]$ dd if=/dev/oracleasm/disks/VOL4 bs=1024k count=1 skip=1093 seek=2 of=/tmp/xifenfei01.dbf
1+0 records in
1+0 records out
1048576 bytes (1.0 MB) copied, 0.0695681 seconds, 15.1 MB/s
[grid@rac1 disks]$ dd if=/dev/oracleasm/disks/VOL3 bs=1024k count=1 skip=682 seek=3 of=/tmp/xifenfei01.dbf
1+0 records in
1+0 records out
1048576 bytes (1.0 MB) copied, 0.0516708 seconds, 20.3 MB/s
…………类此处理…………
[grid@rac1 disks]$ dd if=/dev/oracleasm/disks/VOL4 bs=1024k count=1 skip=1122 seek=49 of=/tmp/xifenfei01.dbf
1+0 records in
1+0 records out
1048576 bytes (1.0 MB) copied, 0.0699421 seconds, 15.0 MB/s
[grid@rac1 disks]$ dd if=/dev/oracleasm/disks/VOL3 bs=1024k count=1 skip=700 seek=50 of=/tmp/xifenfei01.dbf
1+0 records in
1+0 records out
1048576 bytes (1.0 MB) copied, 0.0650649 seconds, 16.1 MB/s

修改所有者

[root@rac1 ~]#  chown oracle.oinstall /tmp/xifenfei01.dbf
[root@rac1 ~]# ll /tmp/xifenfei01.dbf 
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 53477376 Apr 30 12:57 /tmp/xifenfei01.dbf

dbv验证数据文件

[oracle@rac1 ~]$ dbv file='+XIFENFEI/xff/datafile/xifenfei.268.781905429' userid=sys/xifenfei

DBVERIFY: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Mon Apr 30 12:53:32 2012

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

DBVERIFY - Verification starting : FILE = +XIFENFEI/xff/datafile/xifenfei.268.781905429


DBVERIFY - Verification complete

Total Pages Examined         : 6400
Total Pages Processed (Data) : 1066
Total Pages Failing   (Data) : 0
Total Pages Processed (Index): 0
Total Pages Failing   (Index): 0
Total Pages Processed (Other): 156
Total Pages Processed (Seg)  : 0
Total Pages Failing   (Seg)  : 0
Total Pages Empty            : 5178
Total Pages Marked Corrupt   : 0
Total Pages Influx           : 0
Total Pages Encrypted        : 0
Highest block SCN            : 0 (0.0)
[oracle@rac1 ~]$ dbv file='/tmp/xifenfei01.dbf'

DBVERIFY: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Mon Apr 30 12:53:50 2012

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

DBVERIFY - Verification starting : FILE = /tmp/xifenfei01.dbf


DBVERIFY - Verification complete

Total Pages Examined         : 6400
Total Pages Processed (Data) : 1066
Total Pages Failing   (Data) : 0
Total Pages Processed (Index): 0
Total Pages Failing   (Index): 0
Total Pages Processed (Other): 156
Total Pages Processed (Seg)  : 0
Total Pages Failing   (Seg)  : 0
Total Pages Empty            : 5178
Total Pages Marked Corrupt   : 0
Total Pages Influx           : 0
Total Pages Encrypted        : 0
Highest block SCN            : 1039267 (0.1039267)

数据库验证数据文件

SQL> alter database datafile '+XIFENFEI/xff/datafile/xifenfei.268.781905429' offline;

Database altered.

SQL> alter database rename file '+XIFENFEI/xff/datafile/xifenfei.268.781905429'
  2  to '/tmp/xifenfei01.dbf';

Database altered.

SQL>  recover datafile '/tmp/xifenfei01.dbf';
Media recovery complete.
SQL> alter database datafile '/tmp/xifenfei01.dbf' online;

Database altered.

SQL> select count(*) from t_xifenfei;

  COUNT(*)
----------
     74537