Oracle坏块修复工具:Patch_blk

Posted on 2025 年 11 月 04 日 by 惜分飞

在win平台上开发了Oracle Recovery Tools小工具,可以实现坏块的快速恢复功能

具体参考相关文章:自研Oracle恢复小工具
由于之前工具使用c#开发不太方便实现跨平台(而且图形化在linux等操作系统上使用起来不方便),现在使用c语言写了小工具:Patch_blk(主要是seq_kcbh tailchk checksum类似坏块处理),模拟两个坏块

BBED> verify
DBVERIFY - Verification starting
FILE = /u01/app/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/system01.dbf
BLOCK = 521

Block 521 is corrupt
Corrupt block relative dba: 0x00400209 (file 0, block 521)
Fractured block found during verification
Data in bad block:
 type: 6 format: 2 rdba: 0x00400209
 last change scn: 0x0000.000001d7 seq: 0x1 flg: 0x06
 spare1: 0x0 spare2: 0x0 spare3: 0x0
 consistency value in tail: 0x01d706fe
 check value in block header: 0x5205
 computed block checksum: 0x0


DBVERIFY - Verification complete

Total Blocks Examined         : 1
Total Blocks Processed (Data) : 0
Total Blocks Failing   (Data) : 0
Total Blocks Processed (Index): 0
Total Blocks Failing   (Index): 0
Total Blocks Empty            : 0
Total Blocks Marked Corrupt   : 1
Total Blocks Influx           : 2
Message 531 not found;  product=RDBMS; facility=BBED


BBED> verify block 522
DBVERIFY - Verification starting
FILE = /u01/app/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/system01.dbf
BLOCK = 522

Block 522 is corrupt
Corrupt block relative dba: 0x0040020a (file 0, block 522)
Fractured block found during verification
Data in bad block:
 type: 6 format: 2 rdba: 0x0040020a
 last change scn: 0x0000.000001d7 seq: 0xff flg: 0x06
 spare1: 0x0 spare2: 0x0 spare3: 0x0
 consistency value in tail: 0x01d70601
 check value in block header: 0x1e16
 computed block checksum: 0x0


DBVERIFY - Verification complete

Total Blocks Examined         : 1
Total Blocks Processed (Data) : 0
Total Blocks Failing   (Data) : 0
Total Blocks Processed (Index): 0
Total Blocks Failing   (Index): 0
Total Blocks Empty            : 0
Total Blocks Marked Corrupt   : 1
Total Blocks Influx           : 2
Message 531 not found;  product=RDBMS; facility=BBED

配置坏块修复列表文件

[root@iZbp11c0qyuuo1gr7j98upZ tmp]# cat 1.txt
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/system01.dbf  521 8192 N
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/system01.dbf  522 8192 Y 

--列表文件说明
数据文件路径 文件号 数据块大小 是否人工干预(N表示不需要,Y表示需要)

执行修复操作

[root@iZbp11c0qyuuo1gr7j98upZ tmp]# ./Patch_blk 1.txt


===== Processing line 1 =====
=====================================================
Processing: File=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/system01.dbf, Block=521, Size=8192, Mode=N
=====================================================

=== Step 1: Check seq_kcbh ===
  Current value: 0x01
  [OK] seq_kcbh is normal

=== Step 2: Check tailchk ===
  Current (reversed): 0x01D706FE
  Expected (reversed): 0x01D70601
  [Auto-repair] tailchk mismatch, will fix
  [Backup] Block saved to: ./20251104_230616/system01.dbf_block521
  [Success] tailchk fixed
  [Verify] New tailchk (reversed): 0x01D70601

=== Step 3: Check checksum  ===
  Current checksum: 0x0552
  Computed checksum: 0xFA52
  [Auto-repair] Checksum mismatch, will fix
  [Success] Checksum fixed
  [Verify] New checksum: 0xFA52

=== Step 4: Final Verification ===
  seq_kcbh: 0x01 (not 0xFF: PASS)
  tailchk: 0x01D70601 (expected 0x01D70601: PASS)
  Checksum: 0xFA52 (expected 0xFA52: PASS)

[Result] Block repair completed successfully


===== Processing line 2 =====
=====================================================
Processing: File=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/system01.dbf, Block=522, Size=8192, Mode=Y
=====================================================

=== Step 1: Check seq_kcbh ===
  Current value: 0xFF
  [WARNING] Block is marked as BAD. Repair? (yes/no): y
  [Backup] Block saved to: ./20251104/system01.dbf_block522
  [Success] seq_kcbh updated to 0x01

=== Step 2: Check tailchk ===
  Current (reversed): 0x01D70601
  Expected (reversed): 0x01D70601
  [OK] tailchk is normal

=== Step 3: Check checksum ===
  Current checksum: 0x161E
  Computed checksum: 0xE81E
  [WARNING] Checksum mismatch. Repair? (yes/no): y
  [Success] Checksum fixed
  [Verify] New checksum: 0xE81E

=== Step 4: Final Verification ===
  seq_kcbh: 0x01 (not 0xFF: PASS)
  tailchk: 0x01D70601 (expected 0x01D70601: PASS)
  Checksum: 0xE81E (expected 0xE81E: PASS)

[Result] Block repair completed successfully


=====================================
Processing complete. Total: 2
  Modify Success: 2
  Modify None: 0
  Skipped/Failed: 0
  Blocks Backed Up: 2
=====================================

在修复坏块之前会对相关block进行备份

[root@iZbp11c0qyuuo1gr7j98upZ 20251104]# ls -ltra
total 24
-rw-r--r--   1 root root 8192 Nov  4 22:42 system01.dbf_block521
-rw-r--r--   1 root root 8192 Nov  4 22:42 system01.dbf_block522
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root 4096 Nov  4 22:42 .
drwxrwxrwt. 14 root root 4096 Nov  4 23:39 ..
[root@iZbp11c0qyuuo1gr7j98upZ 20251104]#

Patch_blk修复坏块之后,检查坏块正常

BBED> verify
DBVERIFY - Verification starting
FILE = /u01/app/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/system01.dbf
BLOCK = 521


DBVERIFY - Verification complete

Total Blocks Examined         : 1
Total Blocks Processed (Data) : 1
Total Blocks Failing   (Data) : 0
Total Blocks Processed (Index): 0
Total Blocks Failing   (Index): 0
Total Blocks Empty            : 0
Total Blocks Marked Corrupt   : 0
Total Blocks Influx           : 0
Message 531 not found;  product=RDBMS; facility=BBED


BBED> verify block 522
DBVERIFY - Verification starting
FILE = /u01/app/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/system01.dbf
BLOCK = 522


DBVERIFY - Verification complete

Total Blocks Examined         : 1
Total Blocks Processed (Data) : 1
Total Blocks Failing   (Data) : 0
Total Blocks Processed (Index): 0
Total Blocks Failing   (Index): 0
Total Blocks Empty            : 0
Total Blocks Marked Corrupt   : 0
Total Blocks Influx           : 0
Message 531 not found;  product=RDBMS; facility=BBED

对于不太熟悉bbed的客户,可以通过这个工具快速实现常见坏块类型恢复

Patch_SCN for Linux 功能完善

Posted on 2025 年 10 月 13 日 by 惜分飞

联系：手机/微信(+86 17813235971) QQ(107644445)

标题：Patch_SCN for Linux 功能完善

Patch_SCN工具目前有For win和for linux版本,主要用于修改Oracle SCN(特别是在oracle数据库非常规恢复中实现一键修改SCN功能,实现快速open数据库.主要解决典型问题:
ORA-600 2662
ORA-600 kclchkblk_4
ORA-600 kcbzib_kcrsds_1
最近有点空对Patch_SCN软件的for linux版本进行了完善,主要完善功能:
1. 整个代码全部通过C代码实现
2. 完善了注册机制
3. 无需输入内存地址,程序一般情况下可以直接获取地址并修改
上传软件到linux环境并授权
确保执行用户有x权限

[root@iZbp11c0qyuuo1gr7j98upZ tmp]# ls -ltr /tmp/Patch_SCN 
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 13984 Oct 13  2025 /tmp/Patch_SCN
[root@iZbp11c0qyuuo1gr7j98upZ tmp]# chmod +x /tmp/Patch_SCN 
[root@iZbp11c0qyuuo1gr7j98upZ tmp]# ls -ltr /tmp/Patch_SCN 
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 13984 Oct 13  2025 /tmp/Patch_SCN

使用软件之前需要进行注册
第一次使用要求输入注册码

[root@iZbp11c0qyuuo1gr7j98upZ tmp]# ./Patch_SCN 
This software is not registered.

========================================
           Software Registration        
========================================

Your Hardware ID: XXXXXXX

Please send your Hardware ID to XiFenFei to register.
Website: https://www.xifenfei.com 
Tel/WX: +86-17813235971 

Enter Registration Code: 6F2EEF38-693AEA80
Registration successful!
Usage:
  Automatic address mode: ./Patch_SCN <pid> <new_value>
  Manual address mode:    ./Patch_SCN <pid> <address> <new_value>
  Where:
    <pid> - Oracle process ID (must be entered manually)
    <address> - Memory address (entered in manual mode, hexadecimal)
    <new_value> - SCN value to modify (must be entered manually, supports decimal or hexadecimal)

授权成功之后,后续使用软件无需注册

[root@iZbp11c0qyuuo1gr7j98upZ tmp]# ./Patch_SCN 
Usage:
  Automatic address mode: ./Patch_SCN <pid> <new_value>
  Manual address mode:    ./Patch_SCN <pid> <address> <new_value>
  Where:
    <pid> - Oracle process ID (must be entered manually)
    <address> - Memory address (entered in manual mode, hexadecimal)
    <new_value> - SCN value to modify (must be entered manually, supports decimal or hexadecimal)

Patch_SCN使用演示
软件支持自动发现内存地址和手工输入内存地址两种模式(当某些情况无法软件自动发现地址时,可以考虑人工输入地址方式进行)


###############自动识别内存地址方式修改#############################
--修改scn之前
SQL> SELECT CURRENT_SCN FROM V$DATABASE;

CURRENT_SCN
-----------
 5691132517

---进行scn修改
[oracle@iZbp11c0qyuuo1gr7j98upZ tmp]$ ./Patch_SCN 18884 5691232517
Successfully obtained address automatically: 0x6001ae70
Original Oracle SCN at Address 0x6001ae70: 0x15337ca8a
Are you sure you want to modify Oracle SCN? (yes/no): yes
New SCN at Address 0x6001ae70: 0x153395105
Oracle SCN successfully modified.

--修改scn之后
SQL> SELECT CURRENT_SCN FROM V$DATABASE;

CURRENT_SCN
-----------
 5691232520   --->由于scn会自动增加,所以比修改值稍大一点


###############手工输入内存地址方式修改########################
---当程序提示无法获取到内存地址时,采用人工输入内存地址方式进行修改
[root@iZbp11c0qyuuo1gr7j98upZ tmp]# ./Patch_SCN 18884 5691232517
Could not find valid  SCN ddress
Failed to get SCN address automatically
Please use manual address mode instead

---使用get_addr程序获取内存地址,如果无法获取联系:xifenfei
[oracle@iZbp11c0qyuuo1gr7j98upZ tmp]$ ./get_addr 
Retrieving Oracle SCN address...
Successfully retrieved SCN address: 0x6001ae70

---修改scn值
[root@iZbp11c0qyuuo1gr7j98upZ tmp]# ./Patch_SCN 18884 0x6001ae70 6691232517
Using manually provided address: 0x6001ae70
Original Oracle SCN at Address 0x6001ae70: 0x15339517f
Are you sure you want to modify Oracle SCN? (yes/no): yes
New SCN at Address 0x6001ae70: 0x18ed41b05
Oracle SCN successfully modified.

---验证修改之后scn值
SQL> SELECT CURRENT_SCN FROM V$DATABASE;

CURRENT_SCN
-----------
 6691232521  --->由于scn会自动增加,所以比修改值稍大一点

Patch_SCN下载:Patch_SCN下载
Patch_SCN使用说明:Patch_SCN使用说明

Oracle Recovery Tools恢复案例总结—202505

Posted on 2025 年 05 月 09 日 by 惜分飞

联系：手机/微信(+86 17813235971) QQ(107644445)

标题：Oracle Recovery Tools恢复案例总结—202505

Oracle Recovery Tools修复ORA-600 6101/kdxlin:psno out of range故障

Posted on 2025 年 04 月 14 日 by 惜分飞

联系：手机/微信(+86 17813235971) QQ(107644445)

标题：Oracle Recovery Tools修复ORA-600 6101/kdxlin:psno out of range故障

数据库异常断电,然后启动异常,我接手该库,尝试recover恢复

SQL> recover database;
ORA-10562: Error occurred while applying redo to data block (file# 2, block#
63710)
ORA-10564: tablespace SYSAUX
ORA-01110: ???????? 2: 'H:\TEMP\GDLISNET\SYSAUX01.DBF'
ORA-10561: block type 'TRANSACTION MANAGED INDEX BLOCK', data object# 179030
ORA-00600: ????????????, ????: [6101], [0], [700], [32], [], [], [], [], [],
[], [], []

SQL> recover datafile 1;
完成介质恢复。
SQL> recover datafile 3;
完成介质恢复。
SQL> recover datafile 4;
完成介质恢复。
SQL> recover datafile 5;
完成介质恢复。
SQL> recover datafile 6;
完成介质恢复。
SQL> recover datafile 2;
ORA-00283: ??????????
ORA-10562: Error occurred while applying redo to data block (file# 2, block#
63744)
ORA-10564: tablespace SYSAUX
ORA-01110: ???? 2: 'H:\TEMP\GDLISNET\SYSAUX01.DBF'
ORA-10561: block type 'TRANSACTION MANAGED INDEX BLOCK', data object# 67482
ORA-00600: ??????, ??: [kdxlin:psno out of range], [], [], [], [], [], [], [],
[], [], [], []

alert日志信息

Mon Apr 14 12:31:55 2025
ALTER DATABASE RECOVER  database  
Media Recovery Start
 started logmerger process
Parallel Media Recovery started with 20 slaves
Mon Apr 14 12:31:56 2025
Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 2 Seq 6845 Reading mem 0
  Mem# 0: H:\TEMP\GDLISNET\REDO02.LOG
Mon Apr 14 12:31:56 2025
Errors in file c:\app\xff\diag\rdbms\gdlisnet\gdlisnet\trace\gdlisnet_pr0e_9840.trc  (incident=1489):
ORA-00600: 内部错误代码, 参数: [6101], [0], [700], [32], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []
Incident details in: c:\app\xff\diag\rdbms\gdlisnet\gdlisnet\incident\incdir_1489\gdlisnet_pr0e_9840_i1489.trc
Slave exiting with ORA-10562 exception
Errors in file c:\app\xff\diag\rdbms\gdlisnet\gdlisnet\trace\gdlisnet_pr0e_9840.trc:
ORA-10562: Error occurred while applying redo to data block (file# 2, block# 63710)
ORA-10564: tablespace SYSAUX
ORA-01110: 数据文件 2: 'H:\TEMP\GDLISNET\SYSAUX01.DBF'
ORA-10561: block type 'TRANSACTION MANAGED INDEX BLOCK', data object# 179030
ORA-00600: 内部错误代码, 参数: [6101], [0], [700], [32], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []
Mon Apr 14 12:31:57 2025
Checker run found 6 new persistent data failures
Recovery Slave PR0E previously exited with exception 10562
Media Recovery failed with error 448
Errors in file c:\app\xff\diag\rdbms\gdlisnet\gdlisnet\trace\gdlisnet_pr00_14232.trc:
ORA-00283: 恢复会话因错误而取消
ORA-00448: 后台进程正常结束
Slave exiting with ORA-283 exception
Errors in file c:\app\xff\diag\rdbms\gdlisnet\gdlisnet\trace\gdlisnet_pr00_14232.trc:
ORA-00283: 恢复会话因错误而取消
ORA-00448: 后台进程正常结束
ORA-10562 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE RECOVER  database  ...

ALTER DATABASE RECOVER  datafile 2  
Media Recovery Start
Serial Media Recovery started
Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 2 Seq 6845 Reading mem 0
  Mem# 0: H:\TEMP\GDLISNET\REDO02.LOG
Errors in file c:\app\xff\diag\rdbms\gdlisnet\gdlisnet\trace\gdlisnet_ora_22400.trc  (incident=1369):
ORA-00600: ??????, ??: [kdxlin:psno out of range], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []
Incident details in: c:\app\xff\diag\rdbms\gdlisnet\gdlisnet\incident\incdir_1369\gdlisnet_ora_22400_i1369.trc
Media Recovery failed with error 10562
ORA-283 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE RECOVER  datafile 2  ...

发现2号数据文件异常,报ORA-600 6101和ORA-600 kdxlin:psno out of range错误,出现该错误的原因主要是由于数据文件的bock和redo中信息不匹配导致,对于这种情况,我这边选择使用Oracle Recovery Tools工具进行快速恢复

再次recover并且直接打开库

SQL> set numw 16
SQL> col CHECKPOINT_TIME for a40
SQL> set lines 150
SQL> set pages 1000
SQL> SELECT status,
  2  to_char(checkpoint_time,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') checkpoint_time,FUZZY,checkpoint_change#,
  3  count(*) ROW_NUM
  4  FROM v$datafile_header
  5  GROUP BY status, checkpoint_change#, to_char(checkpoint_time,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss'),fuzzy
  6  ORDER BY status, checkpoint_change#, checkpoint_time;

STATUS  CHECKPOINT_TIME                          FUZ CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#          ROW_NUM
------- ---------------------------------------- --- ------------------ ----------------
ONLINE  2025-03-28 22:00:09                      NO           118575875                6

SQL>
SQL>
SQL> alter database open;
alter database open
*
第 1 行出现错误:
ORA-01113: 文件 2 需要介质恢复
ORA-01110: 数据文件 2: 'H:\TEMP\GDLISNET\SYSAUX01.DBF'


SQL> recover datafile 2;
完成介质恢复。
SQL> alter database open;

数据库已更改。

SQL>

逻辑方法导出该库,完成该库的恢复工作

Patch SCN工具for Linux

Posted on 2024 年 06 月 29 日 by 惜分飞

联系：手机/微信(+86 17813235971) QQ(107644445)

标题：Patch SCN工具for Linux

前几年开发了图形化的win平台的patch scn工具:一键修改Oracle SCN工具升级(patch scn)

最近基于linux平台开发了命令行方式的Patch scn工具,大概使用如下:
1. 数据库必须处于mount状态才能修改scn

[oracle@iZbp11c0qyuuo1gr7j98upZ tmp]$ ./Patch_SCN   328 247884300
ERROR:Oracle Database must be in Mount state in order to modify SCN

2. Patch_SCN参数提示

[oracle@iZbp11c0qyuuo1gr7j98upZ tmp]$ ./Patch_SCN   
Use Parameters: PID  SCN(10)  [ADDR(16,don't 0x)]

3.修改SCN 具体操作

1)启动数据库到mount状态
SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  551165952 bytes
Fixed Size                  2255112 bytes
Variable Size             369100536 bytes
Database Buffers          171966464 bytes
Redo Buffers                7843840 bytes
Database mounted.

2)查询数据库当前scn
SQL> select CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# from v$database;

CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#
------------------
           2478843

3)新会话中修改数据库scn
[oracle@iZbp11c0qyuuo1gr7j98upZ tmp]$ ./Patch_SCN   328 247884300
Please press ENTER to continue...
Modify the Oracle SCN value to:EC66A0C:247884300

4)启动数据库并查询scn
SQL> ALTER DATABASE OPEN;

Database altered.

SQL>  select CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# from v$database;

CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#
------------------
         247884301 （比修改scn稍微大由于数据库已经启动会自动增加scn值）

这个小工具直接通过内存地址修改scn,绕过Oracle在一些版本中的oradebug的限制:oradebug poke ORA-32521/ORA-32519故障解决,软件还处于测试阶段,后续稳定后将对外提供软件形式服务.