Category Archives: Oracle ASM

普通库迁移至ASM存储

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--查看当前库文件位置
SQL> select name from v$datafile
  2  union
  3  select member from v$logfile
  4  union 
  5  select name from v$controlfile
  6  union
  7  select name from v$tempfile;

NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u01/oradata/tos/control01.ctl
/u01/oradata/tos/control02.ctl
/u01/oradata/tos/control03.ctl
/u01/oradata/tos/example01.dbf
/u01/oradata/tos/redo01.log
/u01/oradata/tos/redo02.log
/u01/oradata/tos/redo03.log
/u01/oradata/tos/sysaux01.dbf
/u01/oradata/tos/system01.dbf
/u01/oradata/tos/temp01.dbf
/u01/oradata/tos/undotbs01.dbf
/u01/oradata/tos/users01.dbf
/u01/oradata/tos/xff01.dbf
/u01/oradata/tos/xff02.dbf

14 rows selected.

--备份控制文件
SQL> alter database backup controlfile to '/u01/control.ctl';

Database altered.

--修改spfile中的控制文件至asm
SQL>  alter system set control_files='+DATA' scope=spfile;

System altered.

--修改db_recovery_file_dest至asm中
SQL> alter system set db_recovery_file_dest='+FLASHBACK';

System altered.

--修改归档日志至asm中
SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_1='location=+DATA';

System altered.

--关闭数据库
SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.

--登录rman
[oracle@localhost ~]$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.3.0 - Production on Mon Jun 27 08:02:37 2011

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database (not started)

--启动数据库至nomount状态
RMAN> startup nomount;

Oracle instance started

Total System Global Area     167772160 bytes

Fixed Size                     1260672 bytes
Variable Size                 67109760 bytes
Database Buffers              92274688 bytes
Redo Buffers                   7127040 bytes

--恢复控制文件
RMAN>  restore controlfile from '/u01/control.ctl';   

Starting restore at 27-JUN-11
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=156 devtype=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: copied control file copy
output filename=+DATA/tos/controlfile/current.268.754905785
Finished restore at 27-JUN-11

--打开数据库至mount状态
RMAN> alter database mount; 

database mounted
released channel: ORA_DISK_1

--copy数据文件至asm
RMAN> backup as copy database format '+DATA';

Starting backup at 27-JUN-11
Starting implicit crosscheck backup at 27-JUN-11
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=156 devtype=DISK
Finished implicit crosscheck backup at 27-JUN-11

Starting implicit crosscheck copy at 27-JUN-11
using channel ORA_DISK_1
Finished implicit crosscheck copy at 27-JUN-11

searching for all files in the recovery area
cataloging files...
no files cataloged

using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile fno=00001 name=/u01/oradata/tos/system01.dbf
output filename=+DATA/tos/datafile/system.270.754905833 tag=TAG20110627T080352 recid=2 stamp=754905928
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:01:35
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile fno=00003 name=/u01/oradata/tos/sysaux01.dbf
output filename=+DATA/tos/datafile/sysaux.271.754905929 tag=TAG20110627T080352 recid=3 stamp=754905990
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:01:05
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile fno=00005 name=/u01/oradata/tos/example01.dbf
output filename=+DATA/tos/datafile/example.272.754905995 tag=TAG20110627T080352 recid=4 stamp=754906010
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:26
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile fno=00002 name=/u01/oradata/tos/undotbs01.dbf
output filename=+DATA/tos/datafile/undotbs1.273.754906021 tag=TAG20110627T080352 recid=5 stamp=754906025
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile fno=00006 name=/u01/oradata/tos/xff01.dbf
output filename=+DATA/tos/datafile/xff.274.754906027 tag=TAG20110627T080352 recid=6 stamp=754906029
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile fno=00007 name=/u01/oradata/tos/xff02.dbf
output filename=+DATA/tos/datafile/xff.275.754906031 tag=TAG20110627T080352 recid=7 stamp=754906032
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile fno=00004 name=/u01/oradata/tos/users01.dbf
output filename=+DATA/tos/datafile/users.276.754906035 tag=TAG20110627T080352 recid=8 stamp=754906035
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:04
Finished backup at 27-JUN-11

RMAN-06497: WARNING: control file is not current, control file autobackup skipped

--恢复数据库
RMAN>  recover database;

Starting recover at 27-JUN-11
using channel ORA_DISK_1

starting media recovery

archive log thread 1 sequence 3 is already on disk as file /u01/oradata/tos/redo02.log
archive log filename=/u01/oradata/tos/redo02.log thread=1 sequence=3
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
Finished recover at 27-JUN-11

--修改数据库中数据文件路径
RMAN> switch database to copy;

datafile 1 switched to datafile copy "+DATA/tos/datafile/system.270.754905833"
datafile 2 switched to datafile copy "+DATA/tos/datafile/undotbs1.273.754906021"
datafile 3 switched to datafile copy "+DATA/tos/datafile/sysaux.271.754905929"
datafile 4 switched to datafile copy "+DATA/tos/datafile/users.276.754906035"
datafile 5 switched to datafile copy "+DATA/tos/datafile/example.272.754905995"
datafile 6 switched to datafile copy "+DATA/tos/datafile/xff.274.754906027"
datafile 7 switched to datafile copy "+DATA/tos/datafile/xff.275.754906031"

--打开数据库
RMAN> alter database open resetlogs;

database opened

--添加日志文件
SQL> alter database add logfile group 4 '+DATA' size 10m;

Database altered.

SQL> alter database add logfile group 5 '+DATA' size 10m;

Database altered.

SQL> alter database add logfile group 6 '+DATA' size 10m;

Database altered.

--添加临时文件
SQL> alter tablespace temp add tempfile '+DATA' size 30m;

Tablespace altered.

--删除原临时文件
SQL> alter tablespace temp drop tempfile '/u01/oradata/tos/temp01.dbf';

Tablespace altered.

--切换日志
SQL> alter system switch logfile; --多次

System altered.

--数据文件修改写入磁盘
SQL> alter system checkpoint;

System altered.

--检查联机日志状态
SQL> select group#,status from v$log;

    GROUP# STATUS
---------- ----------------
         1 INACTIVE
         2 INACTIVE
         3 INACTIVE
         4 INACTIVE
         5 INACTIVE
         6 CURRENT

6 rows selected.

--删除原联机日志
SQL> alter database drop logfile group 1;

Database altered.

SQL> alter database drop logfile group 2;

Database altered.

SQL> alter database drop logfile group 3;

Database altered.

--查看修改后状态
SQL>  select name from v$datafile
  2      union
  3      select member from v$logfile
  4      union 
  5      select name from v$controlfile
  6      union
  7      select name from v$tempfile;

NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+DATA/tos/controlfile/current.268.754905785
+DATA/tos/datafile/example.272.754905995
+DATA/tos/datafile/sysaux.271.754905929
+DATA/tos/datafile/system.270.754905833
+DATA/tos/datafile/undotbs1.273.754906021
+DATA/tos/datafile/users.276.754906035
+DATA/tos/datafile/xff.274.754906027
+DATA/tos/datafile/xff.275.754906031
+DATA/tos/onlinelog/group_4.277.754906309
+DATA/tos/onlinelog/group_5.278.754906319
+DATA/tos/onlinelog/group_6.279.754906321
+DATA/tos/tempfile/temp.280.754906369

asm数据文件迁移(asm–>os)

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--查看当前情况
SQL> select count(*) from hr.a;

  COUNT(*)
----------
      1580

SQL>  select name from v$DATAFILE;

NAME
-----------------------------------------------------------
+DATA/tasm/system01.dbf
+DATA/tasm/undotbs01.dbf
+DATA/tasm/sysaux01.dbf
+DATA/tasm/users01.dbf
+DATA/tasm/example01.dbf
+DG2/tasm/datafile/xff.256.754902279

6 rows selected.

--创建目录
SQL>  create directory asmsrc as '+DG2/TASM/datafile';

Directory created.

SQL>  create directory osdesc as '/u01/oradata';

Directory created.

--表空间离线
SQL> alter tablespace xff offline;

Tablespace altered.

--数据文件迁移
SQL> begin
  2      dbms_file_transfer.copy_file('ASMSRC',
  3      'xff.256.754902279',
  4      'OSDESC',
  5      'xff_new_2.dbf');
  6  END;
  7  /

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

--修改数据库中datafile路径
SQL> alter database rename file
  2             '+DG2/tasm/datafile/xff.256.754902279'
  3             to '/u01/oradata/xff_new_2.dbf';

Database altered.

--表空间在线
SQL> alter tablespace xff online;

Tablespace altered.

--测试迁移结果
SQL> select name from v$DATAFILE;

NAME
-------------------------------------------------------------------
+DATA/tasm/system01.dbf
+DATA/tasm/undotbs01.dbf
+DATA/tasm/sysaux01.dbf
+DATA/tasm/users01.dbf
+DATA/tasm/example01.dbf
/u01/oradata/xff_new_2.dbf

6 rows selected.

SQL> select count(*) from hr.a;

  COUNT(*)
----------
      1580

--删除asm中文件
ASMCMD> rm XFF.256.754902279
ORA-15032: not all alterations performed
ORA-15028: ASM file '+dg2/tasm/datafile/XFF.256.754902279' not dropped; 
currently being accessed (DBD ERROR: OCIStmtExecute)
--不能直接删除，关闭数据库后可以删除（应该是bug）

asm数据文件迁移(asm–>asm)

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rman迁移操作

[oracle@localhost oradata]$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.3.0 - Production on Mon Jun 27 05:50:03 2011

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database: TASM (DBID=3032096031)

RMAN> sql ‘alter tablespace xff offline’;

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
sql statement: alter tablespace xff offline

RMAN> backup device type disk as copy datafile 6 format '+DG2';

Starting backup at 27-JUN-11
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=159 devtype=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile fno=00006 name=+DATA/tasm/xff01.dbf
output filename=+DG2/tasm/datafile/xff.256.754899605 tag=TAG20110627T062003 recid=4 stamp=754899608
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07
Finished backup at 27-JUN-11

RMAN> switch tablepspace xff  to copy;

datafile 6 switched to datafile copy "+DG2/tasm/datafile/xff.256.754899605"

RMAN> sql 'alter tablespace xff online';

sql statement: alter tablespace xff online

sql验证操作

SQL> select name from v$datafile;

NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+DATA/tasm/system01.dbf
+DATA/tasm/undotbs01.dbf
+DATA/tasm/sysaux01.dbf
+DATA/tasm/users01.dbf
+DATA/tasm/example01.dbf
+DG2/tasm/datafile/xff.256.754899605

6 rows selected.

SQL> select count(*) from hr.a;

  COUNT(*)
----------
      1580

asm数据文件迁移(os–>asm)

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--添加测试表空间
SQL> create tablespace xff datafile '/u01/oradata/xifenfei.dbf' size 10m autoextend on maxsize 100m;

Tablespace created.

--查看数据文件位置
SQL> select name from v$datafile;

NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+DATA/tasm/system01.dbf
+DATA/tasm/undotbs01.dbf
+DATA/tasm/sysaux01.dbf
+DATA/tasm/users01.dbf
+DATA/tasm/example01.dbf
/u01/oradata/xifenfei.dbf

6 rows selected.

--创建测试表
SQL> create table hr.a tablespace xff
  2  as
  3  select * from dba_tables;

Table created.

SQL> select count(*) from hr.a;

  COUNT(*)
----------
      1580
--转移数据文件位置
[oracle@localhost oradata]$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.3.0 - Production on Mon Jun 27 04:30:22 2011

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database: TASM (DBID=3032096031)

RMAN> sql 'alter tablespace xff offline';

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
sql statement: alter tablespace xff offline

RMAN> backup as copy tablespace xff format '+DATA';

Starting backup at 27-JUN-11
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=132 devtype=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile fno=00006 name=/u01/oradata/xifenfei.dbf
output filename=+DATA/tasm/datafile/xff.269.754893121 tag=TAG20110627T043200 recid=2 stamp=754893123
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
Finished backup at 27-JUN-11

RMAN> switch tablespace xff to copy;

datafile 6 switched to datafile copy "+DATA/tasm/datafile/xff.269.754893121"

RMAN> sql 'alter tablespace xff online';

sql statement: alter tablespace xff online

--查看转移后的数据文件位置
SQL> select name from v$datafile;

NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+DATA/tasm/system01.dbf
+DATA/tasm/undotbs01.dbf
+DATA/tasm/sysaux01.dbf
+DATA/tasm/users01.dbf
+DATA/tasm/example01.dbf
+DATA/tasm/datafile/xff.269.754893121

6 rows selected.

--测试其中数据是否存在
SQL> select count(*) from hr.a;

  COUNT(*)
----------
      1580

--创建asm中文件别名
ASMCMD> mkalias  +DATA/tasm/datafile/xff.269.754893121 +DATA/tasm/xff01.dbf

--文件重命名
SQL> alter tablespace xff offline;

Tablespace altered.

SQL> alter database rename file '+DATA/tasm/datafile/xff.269.754893121' to '+DATA/tasm/xff01.dbf';

Database altered.

SQL> alter tablespace xff online;

Tablespace altered.

SQL> select name from v$datafile;

NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+DATA/tasm/system01.dbf
+DATA/tasm/undotbs01.dbf
+DATA/tasm/sysaux01.dbf
+DATA/tasm/users01.dbf
+DATA/tasm/example01.dbf
+DATA/tasm/xff01.dbf

6 rows selected.

--手工删除原来数据
[oracle@localhost oradata]$ rm xifenfei.dbf

说明：可以在rman移植数据文件位置的时候，同时处理好别名，然后对表空间重命名，实现只需要表空间离线一次

ASM简单管理(2)

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1、磁盘组卸载/挂载

--查看当前磁盘组状态
SQL> select group_number,name,state,total_mb,free_mb from v$asm_diskgroup;

GROUP_NUMBER NAME                 STATE                    TOTAL_MB    FREE_MB
------------ -------------------- ---------------------- ---------- ----------
           1 ARCHIVELOG           MOUNTED                     12637      12585
           2 DATA                 MOUNTED                     10228       7644
           3 FLASHBACK            MOUNTED                      7836       7786
           4 DG2                  MOUNTED                      5114       5012
--卸载dg2磁盘组
SQL> alter diskgroup dg2 dismount;

Diskgroup altered.

SQL> select group_number,name,state,total_mb,free_mb from v$asm_diskgroup;

GROUP_NUMBER NAME                 STATE                    TOTAL_MB    FREE_MB
------------ -------------------- ---------------------- ---------- ----------
           1 ARCHIVELOG           MOUNTED                     12637      12585
           2 DATA                 MOUNTED                     10228       7644
           3 FLASHBACK            MOUNTED                      7836       7786
           0 DG2                  DISMOUNTED                      0          0
--挂载dg2磁盘组
SQL> alter diskgroup dg2 mount;

Diskgroup altered.

SQL> select group_number,name,state,total_mb,free_mb from v$asm_diskgroup;

GROUP_NUMBER NAME                 STATE                    TOTAL_MB    FREE_MB
------------ -------------------- ---------------------- ---------- ----------
           1 ARCHIVELOG           MOUNTED                     12637      12585
           2 DATA                 MOUNTED                     10228       7644
           3 FLASHBACK            MOUNTED                      7836       7786
           4 DG2                  MOUNTED                      5114       5012
--卸载所有磁盘组
SQL> alter diskgroup all dismount;

Diskgroup altered.

SQL> select group_number,name,state,total_mb,free_mb from v$asm_diskgroup;

GROUP_NUMBER NAME                 STATE                    TOTAL_MB    FREE_MB
------------ -------------------- ---------------------- ---------- ----------
           0 DATA                 DISMOUNTED                      0          0
           0 DG2                  DISMOUNTED                      0          0
           0 FLASHBACK            DISMOUNTED                      0          0
           0 ARCHIVELOG           DISMOUNTED                      0          0
--挂载所有磁盘组
SQL> alter diskgroup all mount;

Diskgroup altered.

SQL> select group_number,name,state,total_mb,free_mb from v$asm_diskgroup;

GROUP_NUMBER NAME                 STATE                    TOTAL_MB    FREE_MB
------------ -------------------- ---------------------- ---------- ----------
           2 DATA                 MOUNTED                     10228       7644
           3 DG2                  MOUNTED                      5114       5012
           4 FLASHBACK            MOUNTED                      7836       7786
           1 ARCHIVELOG           MOUNTED                     12637      12585
--如果当前磁盘组有实例在访问，则不能被卸载

SQL> alter diskgroup data dismount;
alter diskgroup data dismount
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-15032: not all alterations performed
ORA-15027: active use of diskgroup "DATA" precludes its dismount

2、磁盘组目录

--创建目录
SQL> alter diskgroup dg2 add directory '+DG2/CHENGFEI';

Diskgroup altered.
--使用asmcmd查看（export ORACLE_SID=+ASM;asmcmd进入)
ASMCMD> pwd
+DG2
ASMCMD> ls -l
Type  Redund  Striped  Time             Sys  Name
                                        N    CHENGFEI/
--目录重命名
SQL> alter diskgroup dg2 rename directory '+DG2/CHENGFEI' TO '+DG2/XIFENFEI';

Diskgroup altered.

ASMCMD> ls 
XIFENFEI/
--删除目录
SQL> alter diskgroup dg2 drop directory '+DG2/xifenfei';

Diskgroup altered.

ASMCMD> ls
ASMCMD>

3、文件别名

--添加别名
SQL> alter diskgroup dg2 add alias '+dg2/XIFENFEI' for '+dg2/tasm/datafile/XFF.256.754832383';

Diskgroup altered.
--使用asmcmd查看别名是否成功                                           
ASMCMD> pwd
+dg2
ASMCMD> ls -l
Type      Redund  Striped  Time             Sys  Name
                                            Y    TASM/
                                            N    XIFENFEI => +DG2/TASM/DATAFILE/XFF.256.754832383
--别名重命名
SQL> alter diskgroup dg2 rename alias '+DG2/XIFENFEI' TO '+DG2/FEIFEI.DBF';

Diskgroup altered.

                                            N    XIFENFEI => +DG2/TASM/DATAFILE/XFF.256.754832383
ASMCMD> ls -l
Type      Redund  Striped  Time             Sys  Name
                                            N    FEIFEI.DBF => +DG2/TASM/DATAFILE/XFF.256.754832383
 
                                           Y    TASM/
--删除别名
SQL> alter diskgroup dg2 drop alias '+dg2/feifei.dbf';

Diskgroup altered.

ASMCMD> ls -l
Type  Redund  Striped  Time             Sys  Name
                                        Y    TASM/

说明：
1）asmcmd命令行操作中，目录文件名不区分大小写，命令关键字区分大小写
2）磁盘组中的一个文件，最多只能建立一个别名可以通过v$asm_alias视图查看别名的相关信息
ASM简单管理(1)