使用rman找回被误删除表空间

一、案例说明
利用rman备份数据库后,因为人工误删除表空间,现在需要使用非完全恢复来找回被误删除的表空间

二、环境准备

[oracle@ECP-UC-DB1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production on Mon Nov 14 12:35:14 2011

Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle.  All Rights Reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options


SQL> select name from v$tablespace;

NAME
------------------------------
SYSTEM
UNDOTBS1
SYSAUX
USERS
XFF
ODU
TEMP

7 rows selected.

SQL> select name from v$datafile;

NAME
---------------------------------------------------------------
/opt/oracle/oradata/test/system01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/test/undotbs01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/test/sysaux01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/test/users01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/test/user32g.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/test/xifenfei01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/test/user02.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/test/odu02.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/test/odu01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/test/odu03.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/test/xifenfei02.dbf

11 rows selected.

SQL> create tablespace xifenfei datafile 
2   '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/t_xifenfei01.dbf' size 10m ;

Tablespace created.

SQL> create table chf.t_xifenfei tablespace xifenfei 
  2  as
  3  select * from dba_objects;

Table created.


SQL> select count(*) from chf.t_xifenfei;

  COUNT(*)
----------
     50476

SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
[oracle@ECP-UC-DB1 ~]$ $ORACLE_HOME/bin/rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production on Mon Nov 14 12:43:35 2011

Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database: TEST (DBID=2056006906)

RMAN> list backup summary;                 

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

RMAN> backup database format '/tmp/test_full_%U';

Starting backup at 2011-11-14 12:44:32
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=134 devtype=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
input datafile fno=00008 name=/opt/oracle/oradata/test/odu02.dbf
input datafile fno=00002 name=/opt/oracle/oradata/test/undotbs01.dbf
input datafile fno=00001 name=/opt/oracle/oradata/test/system01.dbf
input datafile fno=00003 name=/opt/oracle/oradata/test/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile fno=00009 name=/opt/oracle/oradata/test/odu01.dbf
input datafile fno=00006 name=/opt/oracle/oradata/test/xifenfei01.dbf
input datafile fno=00005 name=/opt/oracle/oradata/test/user32g.dbf
input datafile fno=00007 name=/opt/oracle/oradata/test/user02.dbf
input datafile fno=00010 name=/opt/oracle/oradata/test/odu03.dbf
input datafile fno=00011 name=/opt/oracle/oradata/test/xifenfei02.dbf
input datafile fno=00012 name=/opt/oracle/oradata/test/t_xifenfei01.dbf
input datafile fno=00004 name=/opt/oracle/oradata/test/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2011-11-14 12:44:33
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2011-11-14 12:48:59
piece handle=/tmp/test_full_01mrkqdh_1_1 tag=TAG20111114T124433 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:04:26
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
including current control file in backupset
including current SPFILE in backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2011-11-14 12:49:02
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2011-11-14 12:49:03
piece handle=/tmp/test_full_02mrkqlr_1_1 tag=TAG20111114T124433 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:04
Finished backup at 2011-11-14 12:49:03

RMAN> exit


Recovery Manager complete.
[oracle@ECP-UC-DB1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production on Mon Nov 14 12:50:53 2011

Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle.  All Rights Reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL> drop tablespace xifenfei including contents and datafiles;

Tablespace dropped.

SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
[oracle@ECP-UC-DB1 ~] cd /opt/oradata
[oracle@ECP-UC-DB1 oradata]$ mv test test_bak
[oracle@ECP-UC-DB1 oradata]$ mkdir test
[oracle@ECP-UC-DB1 oradata]$ ll
total 16
drwxr-x--- 3 oracle oinstall 4096 Aug 12 21:50 ecp
drwxr-x--- 3 oracle oinstall 4096 Jun 25 14:23 ecp_bak
drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle oinstall 4096 Nov 14 12:53 test
drwxr-x--- 3 oracle oinstall 4096 Nov 14 12:51 test_bak

通过alert日志,查找出删除表空间xifenfei的时间:Mon Nov 14 12:49:102011

三、恢复测试

[oracle@ECP-UC-DB1 oradata]$ $ORACLE_HOME/bin/rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production on Mon Nov 14 12:58:47 2011

Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database (not started)

RMAN> startup

Oracle instance started
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of startup command at 11/14/2011 12:58:56
ORA-00205: error in identifying control file, check alert log for more info

RMAN> restore controlfile from '/tmp/test_full_02mrkqlr_1_1';

Starting restore at 2011-11-14 12:59:15
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=156 devtype=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
output filename=/opt/oracle/oradata/test/control01.ctl
output filename=/opt/oracle/oradata/test/control02.ctl
output filename=/opt/oracle/oradata/test/control03.ctl
Finished restore at 2011-11-14 12:59:19

RMAN> restore database;

Starting restore at 2011-11-14 13:00:16
using channel ORA_DISK_1
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of restore command at 11/14/2011 13:00:16
ORA-01507: database not mounted

RMAN> alter database mount;

database mounted
released channel: ORA_DISK_1

RMAN> restore database;

Starting restore at 2011-11-14 13:00:32
Starting implicit crosscheck backup at 2011-11-14 13:00:32
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=156 devtype=DISK
Crosschecked 1 objects
Finished implicit crosscheck backup at 2011-11-14 13:00:33

Starting implicit crosscheck copy at 2011-11-14 13:00:33
using channel ORA_DISK_1
Finished implicit crosscheck copy at 2011-11-14 13:00:33

searching for all files in the recovery area
cataloging files...
no files cataloged

using channel ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backupset restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
restoring datafile 00001 to /opt/oracle/oradata/test/system01.dbf
restoring datafile 00002 to /opt/oracle/oradata/test/undotbs01.dbf
restoring datafile 00003 to /opt/oracle/oradata/test/sysaux01.dbf
restoring datafile 00004 to /opt/oracle/oradata/test/users01.dbf
restoring datafile 00005 to /opt/oracle/oradata/test/user32g.dbf
restoring datafile 00006 to /opt/oracle/oradata/test/xifenfei01.dbf
restoring datafile 00007 to /opt/oracle/oradata/test/user02.dbf
restoring datafile 00008 to /opt/oracle/oradata/test/odu02.dbf
restoring datafile 00009 to /opt/oracle/oradata/test/odu01.dbf
restoring datafile 00010 to /opt/oracle/oradata/test/odu03.dbf
restoring datafile 00011 to /opt/oracle/oradata/test/xifenfei02.dbf
restoring datafile 00012 to /opt/oracle/oradata/test/t_xifenfei01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /tmp/test_full_01mrkqdh_1_1
   channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
piece handle=/tmp/test_full_01mrkqdh_1_1 tag=TAG20111114T124433
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:07:08
Finished restore at 2011-11-14 13:07:42

RMAN> run
2> {
3> sql 'alter session set nls_date_format ="yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss"';
4> set until time='2011-11-14 12:49:10';
5> recover database;
6> }

sql statement: alter session set nls_date_format ="yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss"

executing command: SET until clause

Starting recover at 2011-11-14 13:18:09
using channel ORA_DISK_1

starting media recovery

unable to find archive log
archive log thread=1 sequence=248
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of recover command at 11/14/2011 13:18:10
RMAN-06054: media recovery requesting unknown log: thread 1 seq 248 lowscn 11517136

--另外打开一个会话查询当前最大的归档日志seq#情况
[oracle@ECP-UC-DB1 archivelog]$ ll -thr|tail -10
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall  45M Nov  5 19:00 1_238_757860476.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall  45M Nov  7 10:00 1_239_757860476.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall  45M Nov  8 02:25 1_240_757860476.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall  45M Nov  8 22:25 1_241_757860476.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall  45M Nov  9 22:26 1_242_757860476.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall  45M Nov 10 22:01 1_243_757860476.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall  46M Nov 11 22:01 1_244_757860476.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall  45M Nov 12 00:00 1_245_757860476.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall  45M Nov 13 07:26 1_246_757860476.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall  45M Nov 14 07:27 1_247_757860476.dbf
--证明最大的seq为247,而恢复需要日志的seq为248,就是说需要应用未归档的redo log
--那么我们采用在sqlplus中恢复

RMAN> exit


Recovery Manager complete.


[oracle@ECP-UC-DB1 oradata]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production on Mon Nov 14 13:21:24 2011

Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle.  All Rights Reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL> alter session set nls_date_format ="yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss"
  2  ;

Session altered.

SQL>  recover database until time '2011-11-14 12:49:10' using backup controlfile;
ORA-00279: change 11517136 generated at 11/14/2011 12:44:33 needed for thread 1
ORA-00289: suggestion : /opt/oracle/oradata/test/archivelog1_248_757860476.dbf
ORA-00280: change 11517136 for thread 1 is in sequence #248


Specify log: {<RET>=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}
/opt/oracle/oradata/test_bak/redo01.log
ORA-00310: archived log contains sequence 247; sequence 248 required
ORA-00334: archived log: '/opt/oracle/oradata/test_bak/redo01.log'


SQL> recover database until time '2011-11-14 12:49:10' using backup controlfile;
ORA-00279: change 11517136 generated at 11/14/2011 12:44:33 needed for thread 1
ORA-00289: suggestion : /opt/oracle/oradata/test/archivelog1_248_757860476.dbf
ORA-00280: change 11517136 for thread 1 is in sequence #248


Specify log: {<RET>=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}
/opt/oracle/oradata/test_bak/redo02.log
Log applied.
Media recovery complete.
SQL> alter database open resetlogs;

Database altered.

SQL> select name from v$tablespace;

NAME
------------------------------
SYSTEM
UNDOTBS1
SYSAUX
USERS
XFF
ODU
TEMP
XIFENFEI

8 rows selected.

SQL> select name from v$datafile;

NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------
/opt/oracle/oradata/test/system01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/test/undotbs01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/test/sysaux01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/test/users01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/test/user32g.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/test/xifenfei01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/test/user02.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/test/odu02.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/test/odu01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/test/odu03.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/test/xifenfei02.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/test/t_xifenfei01.dbf

12 rows selected.

SQL> select count(*) from chf.t_xifenfei;

  COUNT(*)
----------
     50476

使用flashback database找回被误删除表空间

ORA-19693: backup piece %s already included

一、问题现象

RMAN> restore database;

启动 restore 于 13-11月-11
使用通道 ORA_DISK_1

通道 ORA_DISK_1: 正在开始还原数据文件备份集
通道 ORA_DISK_1: 正在指定从备份集还原的数据文件
通道 ORA_DISK_1: 将数据文件 00001 还原到 E:\ORACLE\ORADATA\XFF\SYSTEM01.DBF
通道 ORA_DISK_1: 将数据文件 00002 还原到 E:\ORACLE\ORADATA\XFF\SYSAUX01.DBF
通道 ORA_DISK_1: 将数据文件 00003 还原到 E:\ORACLE\ORADATA\XFF\UNDOTBS01.DBF
通道 ORA_DISK_1: 将数据文件 00004 还原到 E:\ORACLE\ORADATA\XFF\USERS01.DBF
通道 ORA_DISK_1: 将数据文件 00005 还原到 E:\ORACLE\ORADATA\XFF\EXAMPLE01.DBF
通道 ORA_DISK_1: 将数据文件 00006 还原到 E:\ORACLE\ORADATA\XFF\O_ORACLE.DBF
通道 ORA_DISK_1: 将数据文件 00007 还原到 E:\ORACLE\ORADATA\XFF\XIFENFEI01.DBF
通道 ORA_DISK_1: 将数据文件 00008 还原到 E:\ORACLE\ORADATA\XFF\P_TEST01.DBF
通道 ORA_DISK_1: 将数据文件 00009 还原到 E:\ORACLE\ORADATA\XFF\SYS_MG01.DBF
通道 ORA_DISK_1: 将数据文件 00010 还原到 E:\ORACLE\ORADATA\XFF\P101.DBF
通道 ORA_DISK_1: 将数据文件 00011 还原到 E:\ORACLE\ORADATA\XFF\P201.DBF
通道 ORA_DISK_1: 将数据文件 00012 还原到 E:\ORACLE\ORADATA\XFF\P301.DBF
通道 ORA_DISK_1: 将数据文件 00015 还原到 E:\ORACLE\ORADATA\XFF\OGG01.DBF
通道 ORA_DISK_1: 将数据文件 00016 还原到 E:\ORACLE\ORADATA\XFF\SPOT01.DBF
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: restore 命令 (在 11/13/2011 18:19:31 上) 失败
ORA-19693: 已包括备份片段 F:\RMANBACKUP\9_12_0GMMD2KI_1_1

RMAN> list backup summary;


备份列表
===============
关键字     TY LV S 设备类型 完成时间   段数 副本数 压缩标记
------- -- -- - ----------- ---------- ------- ------- ---------- ---
6       B  F  A DISK        12-9月 -11 1       2       NO         TAG20110912T215425
7       B  F  A DISK        12-9月 -11 1       1       NO         TAG20110912T215425
8       B  F  A DISK        12-9月 -11 1       1       NO         TAG20110912T220120

19693, 00000, "backup piece %s already included"
// *Cause:  This backup piece was already specified for inclusion in the
//          restore conversation. A restore conversation may process only
//          a single instance of a backup piece.
// *Action: Remove the specified duplicate backup piece in restore steps
//          and restart the conversation.

二、解决办法
1、查找出副本数大于1的备份集
2、重命名对应的备份集
3、使用crosscheck backup检测出无效的备份集
4、使用delete noprompt expired backup删除无效备份集
5、使用CATALOG START WITH重新添加刚刚重命名的备份集

三、问题原因
Bug 4483368: SEVERAL RMAN CATALOG START WITH CREATES DUPLICATE CATALOG ENTRIES

After several "RMAN  catalog start with "we have several copies of the same backuppiece 
in our catalog which we can see with "list backup;" and also "list backup summary;".
However, when I now try to restore with that controlfile instead of a catalog 
I receive  ORA-19693 backup piece "/opt/oracle/admin/mnt/HERMES2/bkp/..." 
is already included.

使用flashback database找回被误删除表空间

我个人不怎么推荐使用flashback database功能,因为在生产库中,谁能够承受得起整个库的回退(也许特别极端的情况下可能需要使用到),今天帮网友恢复了一个案例:删除表空间,然后尝试着flashback database功能把这个删除的表空间找回来,但是他在整个操作过程中思路比较混乱,最后导致数据库不能正常起来。因为网友有这个方面的需求,我做了一个flashback database 找回表空间操作的试验(官方建议:flashback database在不改变数据文件的情况下使用)

1、恢复过程

SQL> select * from v$version;

BANNER
-----------------------------------------------------------------------

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
PL/SQL Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
CORE    11.2.0.1.0      Production
TNS for 32-bit Windows: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
NLSRTL Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

SQL> select flashback_on from v$database;

FLASHBACK_ON
------------------
YES

SQL> create tablespace xff_test datafile 'E:\ORACLE\ORADATA\XFF\xff_test01.dbf'
size 10m autoextend on next 1m maxsize 20m;

表空间已创建。

SQL> select to_char(sysdate,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') from dual;

TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'YY
-------------------
2011-11-12 21:05:07

SQL> create table chf.t_flashback tablespace xff_test
  2  as
  3  select * from dba_objects;

表已创建。

SQL> select count(*) from chf.t_flashback;

  COUNT(*)
----------
     73211

SQL> select to_char(sysdate,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') from dual;

TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'YY
-------------------
2011-11-12 21:06:35

SQL> host dir E:\ORACLE\ORADATA\XFF\xff_test01.dbf
 驱动器 E 中的卷没有标签。
 卷的序列号是 38D0-2A35

 E:\ORACLE\ORADATA\XFF 的目录

2011/11/12  21:04        10,493,952 XFF_TEST01.DBF
               1 个文件     10,493,952 字节
               0 个目录 14,644,822,016 可用字节

SQL> drop tablespace xff_test including contents and datafiles;

表空间已删除。

SQL> host dir E:\ORACLE\ORADATA\XFF\xff_test01.dbf
 驱动器 E 中的卷没有标签。
 卷的序列号是 38D0-2A35

 E:\ORACLE\ORADATA\XFF 的目录

找不到文件


SQL> shutdown immediate
数据库已经关闭。
已经卸载数据库。
ORACLE 例程已经关闭。
SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE 例程已经启动。

Total System Global Area  368263168 bytes
Fixed Size                  1374668 bytes
Variable Size             276825652 bytes
Database Buffers           83886080 bytes
Redo Buffers                6176768 bytes
数据库装载完毕。
SQL> flashback database to timestamp 
2  to_timestamp('2011-11-12 21:06:35','yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss');

闪回完成。


SQL> alter database open resetlogs;

数据库已更改。

SQL> select name from v$datafile;

NAME
-------------------------------------------------------------
E:\ORACLE\ORADATA\XFF\SYSTEM01.DBF
E:\ORACLE\ORADATA\XFF\SYSAUX01.DBF
E:\ORACLE\ORADATA\XFF\UNDOTBS01.DBF
E:\ORACLE\ORADATA\XFF\USERS01.DBF
E:\ORACLE\ORADATA\XFF\EXAMPLE01.DBF
E:\ORACLE\ORADATA\XFF\O_ORACLE.DBF
E:\ORACLE\ORADATA\XFF\XIFENFEI01.DBF
E:\ORACLE\ORADATA\XFF\P_TEST01.DBF
E:\ORACLE\ORADATA\XFF\SYS_MG01.DBF
E:\ORACLE\ORADATA\XFF\P101.DBF
E:\ORACLE\ORADATA\XFF\P201.DBF

NAME
---------------------------------------------------------------

E:\ORACLE\ORADATA\XFF\P301.DBF
E:\ORACLE\11_2_0\DATABASE\UNNAMED00013
E:\ORACLE\ORADATA\XFF\OGG01.DBF
E:\ORACLE\ORADATA\XFF\SPOT01.DBF

已选择15行。

SQL> desc chf.t_flashback;
ERROR:
ORA-04043: 对象 chf.t_flashback 不存在

SQL> COL ERROR FOR A20
SQL> SELECT FILE#,ONLINE_STATUS,ERROR FROM V$RECOVER_FILE;

     FILE# ONLINE_ ERROR
---------- ------- --------------------
        13 OFFLINE FILE NOT FOUND

SQL> SELECT NAME FROM V$DATAFILE WHERE FILE#=13;

NAME
-----------------------------------------------------------------

E:\ORACLE\11_2_0\DATABASE\UNNAMED00013

SQL> HOST DIR E:\ORACLE\11_2_0\DATABASE\UNNAMED00013
 驱动器 E 中的卷没有标签。
 卷的序列号是 38D0-2A35

 E:\ORACLE\11_2_0\DATABASE 的目录

找不到文件

SQL> ALTER DATABASE CREATE DATAFILE 13 
AS 'E:\ORACLE\ORADATA\XFF\xff_test01.dbf';

数据库已更改。

SQL> HOST DIR E:\ORACLE\ORADATA\XFF\xff_test01.dbf
 驱动器 E 中的卷没有标签。
 卷的序列号是 38D0-2A35

 E:\ORACLE\ORADATA\XFF 的目录

2011/11/12  21:25        10,493,952 XFF_TEST01.DBF
               1 个文件     10,493,952 字节
               0 个目录 14,640,848,896 可用字节

SQL> recover datafile 13;
ORA-00279: 更改 10903431152368 (在 11/12/2011 21:04:40 生成) 对于线程 1
是必需的
ORA-00289: 建议: E:\ORACLE\ARCHIVELOG\ARC0000000241_0753489409.0001
ORA-00280: 更改 10903431152368 (用于线程 1) 在序列 #241 中


指定日志: {<RET>=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}
auto
已应用的日志。
完成介质恢复。

SQL> alter database datafile 13 online;

数据库已更改。

SQL> select count(*) from chf.t_flashback;

  COUNT(*)
----------
     73211

2、alert中关键信息

Sat Nov 12 21:12:30 2011
flashback database to timestamp to_timestamp('2011-11-12 21:06:35','yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss')
Flashback Restore Start
Flashback: created tablespace #18: 'XFF_TEST' in the controlfile.
Flashback: created OFFLINE file 'UNNAMED00013' for tablespace #18 in the controlfile.
Filename was:
'E:\ORACLE\ORADATA\XFF\XFF_TEST01.DBF' when dropped.
File will have to be restored from a backup and recovered.
Flashback: deleted datafile #13 in tablespace #18 from control file.
Flashback: dropped tablespace #18: 'XFF_TEST' from the control file.
Flashback Restore Complete
Flashback Media Recovery Start
 started logmerger process
Parallel Media Recovery started with 2 slaves
Sat Nov 12 21:12:38 2011
Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 1 Seq 241 Reading mem 0
  Mem# 0: E:\ORACLE\ORADATA\XFF\REDO01
Flashback recovery: Added file #13 to control file as OFFLINE and 'UNNAMED00013'
because it was dropped during the flashback interval
or it was added during flashback media recovery.
File was originally created as:
'E:\ORACLE\ORADATA\XFF\XFF_TEST01.DBF'
File will have to be restored from a backup or
recreated using ALTER DATABASE CREATE DATAFILE command,
and the file has to be onlined and recovered.
Incomplete Recovery applied until change 10903431152644 time 11/12/2011 21:05:11
Sat Nov 12 21:12:44 2011
Flashback Media Recovery Complete
Completed: flashback database to timestamp to_timestamp('2011-11-12 21:06:35','yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss')
--flashback database 操作过程
……
Sat Nov 12 21:25:29 2011
ALTER DATABASE CREATE DATAFILE 13 AS 'E:\ORACLE\ORADATA\XFF\xff_test01.dbf'
Completed: ALTER DATABASE CREATE DATAFILE 13 AS 'E:\ORACLE\ORADATA\XFF\xff_test01.dbf'
Sat Nov 12 21:25:59 2011
ALTER DATABASE RECOVER  datafile 13  
Media Recovery Start
Serial Media Recovery started
Media Recovery start incarnation depth : 1, target inc# : 3, irscn : 10903431152644
ORA-279 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE RECOVER  datafile 13  ...
Sat Nov 12 21:28:27 2011
ALTER DATABASE RECOVER    CONTINUE DEFAULT  
Media Recovery Log E:\ORACLE\ARCHIVELOG\ARC0000000241_0753489409.0001
Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 1 Seq 1 Reading mem 0
  Mem# 0: E:\ORACLE\ORADATA\XFF\REDO01
Completed: ALTER DATABASE RECOVER    CONTINUE DEFAULT  
Sat Nov 12 21:29:04 2011
alter database datafile 13 online
Completed: alter database datafile 13 online
--恢复被删除数据文件过程,flashbackup database会创建表空间,但是数据文件需要人工干预

议rman的crosscheck和obsolete

今天有朋友对于crosscheck和obsolete理解的不太清楚,网上查找了一些资料,也发现很多错误,其中典型的理解就是:crosscheck 可以检测/删除违背(obsolete)备份策略的备份集

--登录rman
[oracle@node1 ~]$ $ORACLE_HOME/bin/rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production on Tue Nov 8 13:39:17 2011

Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database: ECP (DBID=1669273445)

RMAN> show all;

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
RMAN configuration parameters are:
CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 1;
CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION OFF; # default
CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK; # default
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP OFF; # default
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '%F'; # default
CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 2 BACKUP TYPE TO COMPRESSED BACKUPSET;
CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK MAXPIECESIZE 2048 M;
CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO UNLIMITED; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE OFF; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM 'AES128'; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO NONE; # default
CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '/opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/snapcf_ecp.f'; # default
--发现配置的策略是保留1份

--全库备份
RMAN> list backup summary;
--当前数据库无备份集备份

RMAN> backup database format '/opt/backup/ecp_full_%U';

Starting backup at 2011-11-08 13:22:06
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=536 devtype=DISK
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_2
channel ORA_DISK_2: sid=534 devtype=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed full datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
input datafile fno=00004 name=/opt/oracle/oradata/ecp/users01.dbf
input datafile fno=00003 name=/opt/oracle/oradata/ecp/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile fno=00008 name=/opt/oracle/oradata/ecp/TS_Public_1.003.dbf
input datafile fno=00009 name=/opt/oracle/oradata/ecp/TS_Index_Base.001.dbf
input datafile fno=00010 name=/opt/oracle/oradata/ecp/TS_Index_Base.002.dbf
input datafile fno=00011 name=/opt/oracle/oradata/ecp/TS_Index_Base.003.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2011-11-08 13:22:07
channel ORA_DISK_2: starting compressed full datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_2: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
input datafile fno=00002 name=/opt/oracle/oradata/ecp/undotbs01.dbf
input datafile fno=00001 name=/opt/oracle/oradata/ecp/system01.dbf
input datafile fno=00012 name=/opt/oracle/oradata/ecp/OGG.001.dbf
input datafile fno=00005 name=/opt/oracle/oradata/ecp/example01.dbf
input datafile fno=00006 name=/opt/oracle/oradata/ecp/TS_Public_1.001.dbf
input datafile fno=00007 name=/opt/oracle/oradata/ecp/TS_Public_1.002.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_2: starting piece 1 at 2011-11-08 13:22:07
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2011-11-08 13:22:22
piece handle=/opt/backup/ecp_full_11mr52bv_1_1 tag=TAG20111108T132207 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed full datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
including current control file in backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2011-11-08 13:22:23
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2011-11-08 13:22:24
piece handle=/opt/backup/ecp_full_13mr52ce_1_1 tag=TAG20111108T132207 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed full datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
including current SPFILE in backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2011-11-08 13:22:25
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2011-11-08 13:22:26
piece handle=/opt/backup/ecp_full_14mr52cg_1_1 tag=TAG20111108T132207 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02
channel ORA_DISK_2: finished piece 1 at 2011-11-08 13:22:41
piece handle=/opt/backup/ecp_full_12mr52bv_1_1 tag=TAG20111108T132207 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_2: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:34
Finished backup at 2011-11-08 13:22:41

--备份sysdata01.dbf文件
RMAN> backup datafile 1 format '/opt/backup/ecp_system_%U';

Starting backup at 2011-11-08 13:23:44
using channel ORA_DISK_1
using channel ORA_DISK_2
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed full datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
input datafile fno=00001 name=/opt/oracle/oradata/ecp/system01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2011-11-08 13:23:45
channel ORA_DISK_2: starting compressed full datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_2: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
including current control file in backupset
channel ORA_DISK_2: starting piece 1 at 2011-11-08 13:23:45
channel ORA_DISK_2: finished piece 1 at 2011-11-08 13:23:46
piece handle=/opt/backup/ecp_system_16mr52f1_1_1 tag=TAG20111108T132344 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_2: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ORA_DISK_2: starting compressed full datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_2: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
including current SPFILE in backupset
channel ORA_DISK_2: starting piece 1 at 2011-11-08 13:23:47
channel ORA_DISK_2: finished piece 1 at 2011-11-08 13:23:48
piece handle=/opt/backup/ecp_system_17mr52f2_1_1 tag=TAG20111108T132344 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_2: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2011-11-08 13:24:13
piece handle=/opt/backup/ecp_system_15mr52f1_1_1 tag=TAG20111108T132344 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:28
Finished backup at 2011-11-08 13:24:13
--注:所有备份system空间,都是会自动备份spfile和控制文件

RMAN> list backup summary;


List of Backups
===============
Key     TY LV S Device Type Completion Time     #Pieces #Copies Compressed Tag
------- -- -- - ----------- ------------------- ------- ------- ---------- ---
28      B  F  A DISK        2011-11-08 13:22:19 1       1       YES        TAG20111108T132207
29      B  F  A DISK        2011-11-08 13:22:23 1       1       YES        TAG20111108T132207
30      B  F  A DISK        2011-11-08 13:22:25 1       1       YES        TAG20111108T132207
31      B  F  A DISK        2011-11-08 13:22:35 1       1       YES        TAG20111108T132207
32      B  F  A DISK        2011-11-08 13:23:45 1       1       YES        TAG20111108T132344
33      B  F  A DISK        2011-11-08 13:23:47 1       1       YES        TAG20111108T132344
34      B  F  A DISK        2011-11-08 13:24:03 1       1       YES        TAG20111108T132344
--查看所有备份集情况

RMAN> crosscheck backup;

using channel ORA_DISK_1
using channel ORA_DISK_2
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'
backup piece handle=/opt/backup/ecp_full_11mr52bv_1_1 recid=28 stamp=766675327
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'
backup piece handle=/opt/backup/ecp_full_13mr52ce_1_1 recid=29 stamp=766675343
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'
backup piece handle=/opt/backup/ecp_full_14mr52cg_1_1 recid=30 stamp=766675345
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'
backup piece handle=/opt/backup/ecp_full_12mr52bv_1_1 recid=31 stamp=766675327
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'
backup piece handle=/opt/backup/ecp_system_16mr52f1_1_1 recid=32 stamp=766675425
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'
backup piece handle=/opt/backup/ecp_system_17mr52f2_1_1 recid=33 stamp=766675427
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'
backup piece handle=/opt/backup/ecp_system_15mr52f1_1_1 recid=34 stamp=766675425
--查看全部有效

RMAN> report obsolete;

RMAN retention policy will be applied to the command
RMAN retention policy is set to redundancy 1
Report of obsolete backups and copies
Type                 Key    Completion Time    Filename/Handle
-------------------- ------ ------------------ --------------------
Backup Set           29     2011-11-08 13:22:23
  Backup Piece       29     2011-11-08 13:22:23 /opt/backup/ecp_full_13mr52ce_1_1
Backup Set           30     2011-11-08 13:22:25
  Backup Piece       30     2011-11-08 13:22:25 /opt/backup/ecp_full_14mr52cg_1_1
--因为system01.dbf备份了两次,所以违背了备份策略

drwxr-xr-x  2 root    root      4096 07-12 15:54 vmdir
[root@node1 opt]# cd /opt/backup/
[root@node1 backup]# ll
总计 265356
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall  47497216 11-08 13:22 ecp_full_11mr52bv_1_1
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 129433600 11-08 13:22 ecp_full_12mr52bv_1_1
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall   1130496 11-08 13:22 ecp_full_13mr52ce_1_1
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall     98304 11-08 13:22 ecp_full_14mr52cg_1_1
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall  92012544 11-08 13:24 ecp_system_15mr52f1_1_1
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall   1130496 11-08 13:23 ecp_system_16mr52f1_1_1
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall     98304 11-08 13:23 ecp_system_17mr52f2_1_1
[root@node1 backup]# mv ecp_system_15mr52f1_1_1 ecp_system_15mr52f1_1_1_bak
[root@node1 backup]# ll
总计 265356
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall  47497216 11-08 13:22 ecp_full_11mr52bv_1_1
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 129433600 11-08 13:22 ecp_full_12mr52bv_1_1
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall   1130496 11-08 13:22 ecp_full_13mr52ce_1_1
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall     98304 11-08 13:22 ecp_full_14mr52cg_1_1
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall  92012544 11-08 13:24 ecp_system_15mr52f1_1_1_bak
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall   1130496 11-08 13:23 ecp_system_16mr52f1_1_1
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall     98304 11-08 13:23 ecp_system_17mr52f2_1_1
--对备份集中的其中一个文件重命名

RMAN> crosscheck backup;

using channel ORA_DISK_1
using channel ORA_DISK_2
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'
backup piece handle=/opt/backup/ecp_full_11mr52bv_1_1 recid=28 stamp=766675327
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'
backup piece handle=/opt/backup/ecp_full_13mr52ce_1_1 recid=29 stamp=766675343
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'
backup piece handle=/opt/backup/ecp_full_14mr52cg_1_1 recid=30 stamp=766675345
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'
backup piece handle=/opt/backup/ecp_full_12mr52bv_1_1 recid=31 stamp=766675327
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'
backup piece handle=/opt/backup/ecp_system_16mr52f1_1_1 recid=32 stamp=766675425
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'
backup piece handle=/opt/backup/ecp_system_17mr52f2_1_1 recid=33 stamp=766675427
Crosschecked 6 objects

crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'EXPIRED'
backup piece handle=/opt/backup/ecp_system_15mr52f1_1_1 recid=34 stamp=766675425
Crosschecked 1 objects
--发现一个无效的备份集

RMAN> list backup summary;


List of Backups
===============
Key     TY LV S Device Type Completion Time     #Pieces #Copies Compressed Tag
------- -- -- - ----------- ------------------- ------- ------- ---------- ---
28      B  F  A DISK        2011-11-08 13:22:19 1       1       YES        TAG20111108T132207
29      B  F  A DISK        2011-11-08 13:22:23 1       1       YES        TAG20111108T132207
30      B  F  A DISK        2011-11-08 13:22:25 1       1       YES        TAG20111108T132207
31      B  F  A DISK        2011-11-08 13:22:35 1       1       YES        TAG20111108T132207
32      B  F  A DISK        2011-11-08 13:23:45 1       1       YES        TAG20111108T132344
33      B  F  A DISK        2011-11-08 13:23:47 1       1       YES        TAG20111108T132344
34      B  F  X DISK        2011-11-08 13:24:03 1       1       YES        TAG20111108T132344
--也标志为无效'X'

RMAN> report obsolete;

RMAN retention policy will be applied to the command
RMAN retention policy is set to redundancy 1
Report of obsolete backups and copies
Type                 Key    Completion Time    Filename/Handle
-------------------- ------ ------------------ --------------------
Backup Set           29     2011-11-08 13:22:23
  Backup Piece       29     2011-11-08 13:22:23 /opt/backup/ecp_full_13mr52ce_1_1
Backup Set           30     2011-11-08 13:22:25
  Backup Piece       30     2011-11-08 13:22:25 /opt/backup/ecp_full_14mr52cg_1_1
--策略还是显示这两个备份集违背规则

RMAN> DELETE NOPROMPT OBSOLETE;

RMAN retention policy will be applied to the command
RMAN retention policy is set to redundancy 1
using channel ORA_DISK_1
using channel ORA_DISK_2
Deleting the following obsolete backups and copies:
Type                 Key    Completion Time    Filename/Handle
-------------------- ------ ------------------ --------------------
Backup Set           29     2011-11-08 13:22:23
  Backup Piece       29     2011-11-08 13:22:23 /opt/backup/ecp_full_13mr52ce_1_1
Backup Set           30     2011-11-08 13:22:25
  Backup Piece       30     2011-11-08 13:22:25 /opt/backup/ecp_full_14mr52cg_1_1
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=/opt/backup/ecp_full_13mr52ce_1_1 recid=29 stamp=766675343
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=/opt/backup/ecp_full_14mr52cg_1_1 recid=30 stamp=766675345
Deleted 2 objects

RMAN> report obsolete;

RMAN retention policy will be applied to the command
RMAN retention policy is set to redundancy 1
no obsolete backups found
--删除违法策略的备份集

RMAN> delete  NOPROMPT  expired backup;

using channel ORA_DISK_1
using channel ORA_DISK_2

List of Backup Pieces
BP Key  BS Key  Pc# Cp# Status      Device Type Piece Name
------- ------- --- --- ----------- ----------- ----------
34      34      1   1   EXPIRED     DISK        /opt/backup/ecp_system_15mr52f1_1_1
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=/opt/backup/ecp_system_15mr52f1_1_1 recid=34 stamp=766675425
Deleted 1 EXPIRED objects

RMAN> crosscheck backup;

using channel ORA_DISK_1
using channel ORA_DISK_2
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'
backup piece handle=/opt/backup/ecp_full_11mr52bv_1_1 recid=28 stamp=766675327
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'
backup piece handle=/opt/backup/ecp_full_12mr52bv_1_1 recid=31 stamp=766675327
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'
backup piece handle=/opt/backup/ecp_system_16mr52f1_1_1 recid=32 stamp=766675425
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'
backup piece handle=/opt/backup/ecp_system_17mr52f2_1_1 recid=33 stamp=766675427
Crosschecked 4 objects
--删除无效的备份集

通过实验说明:crosscheck只能够检测备份集是否有效(最常见的情况就是物理上是否还存在),并且可以用它来删除失效(expired)的备份集,而不是用来删除违背备份策略(obsolete)的备份集,如果要删除违背备份策略(废弃)的备份集,需要使用obsolete操作。出现这个问题的主要原因应该是expired和obsolete翻译成中文的时候理解的出入导致。

块修改跟踪特性(Block Change Tracking)

有一服务器有1T左右的数据,备份策略是(1+2)*2(1全备,2增量备份,备份保留2周期)的备份策略,随便增量备份减少了备份的体积,但是增量备份的时间,基本上和全备无差别,都是要近6小时(包括压缩)。这里没有完全体现出增量备份的强大之处,因为没有开启块修改跟踪,无论是增量备份还是全备都需要扫描所有的数据块。虽然网上说开启块修改跟踪可能会会触发一些bug,但是我找了下,10.2.0.4以后块修改跟踪还是比较稳定的,所以决定开启块修改跟踪功能,节约增量备份时间,提高系统性能。
 
一、开启块修改跟踪
[oracle@node1 bdump]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
 
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.5.0 – Production on Thu Nov 3 11:13:54 2011
 
Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle.  All Rights Reserved.
 
 
Connected to:
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5.0 – 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
 
SQL> alter database enable block change tracking using file
  2   '/opt/oracle/oradata/ecp/Oracle_change.trace';
 
Database altered.
 
SQL> set long 200
SQL> col filename for a50
SQL> SELECT * FROM v$block_change_tracking;
 
STATUS     FILENAME                                                BYTES
———- ————————————————– ———-
ENABLED    /opt/oracle/oradata/ecp/Oracle_change.trace          11599872
 
SQL> !/opt/oracle/oradata/ecp/Oracle_change.trace
/bin/bash: /opt/oracle/oradata/ecp/Oracle_change.trace: 权限不够
 
SQL> !
[oracle@node1 ~]$ ll /opt/oracle/oradata/ecp/Oracle_change.trace
-rw-r—– 1 oracle oinstall 11600384 11-03 11:05 /opt/oracle/oradata/ecp/Oracle_change.trace
[oracle@node1 ~]$ ps -ef|grep ctwr|grep -v grep
oracle    2771     1  0 11:05 ?        00:00:00 ora_ctwr_ecp
 
[oracle@node1 bdump]$ tail -11 /opt/oracle/admin/ecp/bdump/alert_ecp.log 
Thu Nov 03 11:05:47 CST 2011
alter database enable block change tracking using file
 '/opt/oracle/oradata/ecp/Oracle_change.trace'
Thu Nov 03 11:05:47 CST 2011
Block change tracking file is current.
Starting background process CTWR
CTWR started with pid=18, OS id=2771
Block change tracking service is active.
Thu Nov 03 11:05:48 CST 2011
Completed: alter database enable block change tracking using file
 '/opt/oracle/oradata/ecp/Oracle_change.trace'
通过这些都可以看出来,开启块修改跟踪功能,会启动CTWR进程,并且修改的块号会被记录到指定文件中
 
 
二、关闭块改变跟踪
SQL> alter database disable block change tracking;
 
Database altered.
 
SQL> col filename for a50
 
SQL> SELECT * FROM v$block_change_tracking;
 
STATUS     FILENAME                                                BYTES
———- ————————————————– ———-
DISABLED
 
SQL> !
[oracle@node1 bdump]$ ll /opt/oracle/oradata/ecp/Oracle_change.trace
ls: /opt/oracle/oradata/ecp/Oracle_change.trace: 没有那个文件或目录
[oracle@node1 bdump]$  ps -ef|grep ctwr|grep -v grep
[oracle@node1 bdump]$ tail -8 /opt/oracle/admin/ecp/bdump/alert_ecp.log 
Thu Nov 03 11:14:06 CST 2011
alter database disable block change tracking
Thu Nov 03 11:14:07 CST 2011
Block change tracking service stopping.
Thu Nov 03 11:14:07 CST 2011
Stopping background process CTWR
Deleted file /opt/oracle/oradata/ecp/Oracle_change.trace
Completed: alter database disable block change tracking
通过这些都可以看出来,关闭块修改跟踪功能,会关闭CTWR进程,并且删除跟踪文件(Linux系统会删除,Window不会)
 
三、块修改跟踪文件重命名
SQL> SELECT * FROM v$block_change_tracking;
 
STATUS     FILENAME                                                BYTES
———- ————————————————– ———-
ENABLED    /opt/oracle/oradata/ecp/Oracle_change.trace          11599872
 
SQL> alter database rename file '/opt/oracle/oradata/ecp/Oracle_change.trace'
  2  to '/opt/oracle/oradata/ecp/Oracle_change.trace_new';
alter database rename file '/opt/oracle/oradata/ecp/Oracle_change.trace'
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01511: error in renaming log/data files
ORA-19771: cannot rename change tracking file while database is open
 
 
SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE instance started.
 
Total System Global Area 1610612736 bytes
Fixed Size                  2096632 bytes
Variable Size             385876488 bytes
Database Buffers         1207959552 bytes
Redo Buffers               14680064 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> alter database rename file '/opt/oracle/oradata/ecp/Oracle_change.trace'
  2  to '/opt/oracle/oradata/ecp/Oracle_change.trace_new';
 
Database altered.
 
SQL> alter database open;
 
Database altered.
 
SQL> SELECT * FROM v$block_change_tracking;
 
STATUS     FILENAME                                                BYTES
———- ————————————————– ———-
ENABLED    /opt/oracle/oradata/ecp/Oracle_change.trace_new      11599872

[oracle@node1 bdump]$ tail -100 /opt/oracle/admin/ecp/bdump/alert_ecp.log |more

Thu Nov 03 11:22:34 CST 2011
alter database rename file '/opt/oracle/oradata/ecp/Oracle_change.trace'
to '/opt/oracle/oradata/ecp/Oracle_change.trace_new'
Completed: alter database rename file '/opt/oracle/oradata/ecp/Oracle_change.trace'
to '/opt/oracle/oradata/ecp/Oracle_change.trace_new'
Thu Nov 03 11:22:40 CST 2011
alter database open
Thu Nov 03 11:22:40 CST 2011
CHANGE TRACKING is enabled for this database, but the
change tracking file can not be found. Recreating the file.
Change tracking file recreated.
Block change tracking file is current.

[oracle@node1 bdump]$ ll /opt/oracle/oradata/ecp/Oracle_change.trace*
-rw-r—– 1 oracle oinstall 11600384 11-03 11:22 /opt/oracle/oradata/ecp/Oracle_change.trace
-rw-r—– 1 oracle oinstall 11600384 11-03 12:05 /opt/oracle/oradata/ecp/Oracle_change.trace_new

数据库在open状态下不能修改,所以必须把数据库重启至mount状态才能够修改,如果库不能重启,那么可以先关闭原块修改跟踪功能,再开启块修改跟踪功能。
两种方法比较:
1、都会重新建立一个跟踪文件
2、如果是重命名,老的跟踪文件不会自动被删除,需要人工删除
3、推荐使用关闭跟踪功能,然后在重新制定跟踪文件开启跟踪功能