4 thoughts on “topas命令详解”

1. 帮博主顶一下。

2. Syntax
   
          topas [ -d number_of_monitored_hot_disks ] [ -h ] [ -i monitoring_interval_in_seconds | recording_interval_in_seconds ] [ -n
          number_of_monitored_hot_network_interfaces ] [ -p number_of_monitored_hot_processes ] [ -w number_of_monitored_hot_WLM classes ] [ -c
          number_of_monitored_hot_CPUs ][ -I remote_polling_interval ] [ -U username_owned_processes ] | [ -Cn | -R [ -o field = value,... ] -D | -L |-P | -W
          ] [ -m]
   
   Description
   
          The topas command reports selected statistics about the activity on the local system. The command uses the curses library to display its output in a
          format suitable for viewing on an 80x25 character-based display or in a window of at least the same size on a graphical display. The topas command
          requires the bos.perf.tools and perfagent.tools filesets to be installed on the system.
   
          The topas command can also report a limited set of performance metrics from remote AIX partitions that belong to the same hardware platform. This
          support is described in the Cross-Partition View section.
   
          If the topas command is invoked without flags, it runs as if invoked with the following command line:
   
          topas -d20 -i2 -n20 -p20 -w20 -c20
   
          The program extracts statistics from the system with an interval specified by the monitoring_interval_in_seconds argument. The default output, as
          shown below, consists of two fixed parts and a variable section. The top two lines at the left of the display show the name of the system the topas
          command runs on, the date and time of the last observation, and the monitoring interval.
   
          The second fixed part fills the rightmost 25 positions of the display. It contains five subsections of statistics, as follows:
          EVENTS/QUEUES
               Displays the per-second frequency of selected system-global events and the average size of the thread run and wait queues:
                 Cswitch
                      The number of context switches per second over the monitoring interval.
                 Syscalls
                      The total number of system calls per second executed over the monitoring interval.
                 Reads
                      The number of read system calls per second executed over the monitoring interval.
                 Writes
                      The number of write system calls per second executed over the monitoring interval.
                 Forks
                      The number of fork system calls per second executed over the monitoring interval.
                 Execs
                      The number of exec system calls per second executed over the monitoring interval.
                 Runqueue
                      The average number of threads that were ready to run but were waiting for a processor to become available.
                 Waitqueue
                      The average number of threads that were waiting for paging to complete.
          FILE/TTY
               Displays the per-second frequency of selected file and tty statistics.
                 Readch
                      The number of bytes read per second through the read system call over the monitoring interval.
                 Writech
                      The number of bytes written per second through the write system call over the monitoring interval.
                 Rawin
   
                      The number of raw bytes read per second from TTYs over the monitoring interval.
                 Ttyout
                      The number of bytes written to TTYs per second over the monitoring interval.
                 Igets
                      The number of calls per second to the inode lookup routines over the monitoring interval.
                 Namei
                      The number of calls per second to the pathname lookup routines over the monitoring interval.
                 Dirblk
                      The number of directory blocks scanned per second by the directory search routine over the monitoring interval.
          PAGING
               Displays the per-second frequency of paging statistics.
                 Faults
                      Total number of page faults taken per second over the monitoring interval. This includes page faults that do not cause paging activity.
                 Steals
                      Physical memory 4K frames stolen per second by the virtual memory manager over the monitoring interval.
                 PgspIn
                      Number of 4K pages read from paging space per second over the monitoring interval.
                 PgspOut
                      Number of 4K pages written to paging space per second over the monitoring interval.
                 PageIn
                      Number of 4 K pages read per second over the monitoring interval. This includes paging activity associated with reading from file
                      systems. Subtract PgspIn from this value to get the number of 4K pages read from file systems per second over the monitoring interval.
                 PageOut
                      Number of 4K pages written per second over the monitoring interval. This includes paging activity associated with writing to file
                      systems. Subtract PgspOut from this value to get the number of 4K pages written to file systems per second over the monitoring interval.
                 Sios
                      The number of I/O requests per second issued by the virtual memory manager over the monitoring interval.
          MEMORY
               Displays the real memory size and the distribution of memory in use.
                 Real,MB
                      The size of real memory in megabytes.
                 % Comp
                      The percentage of real memory currently allocated to computational page frames. Computational page frames are generally those that are
                      backed by paging space.
                 % Noncomp
                      The percentage of real memory currently allocated to non-computational frames. Non-computational page frames are generally those that
                      are backed by file space, either data files, executable files, or shared library files.
                 % Client
                      The percentage of real memory currently allocated to cache remotely mounted files.
          PAGING SPACE
               Display size and use of paging space.
                 Size,MB
                      The sum of all paging spaces on the system, in megabytes.
                 % Used
                      The percentage of total paging space currently in use.
                 % Free
                      The percentage of total paging space currently free.
          NFS
               Display NFS stats in calls per second
                 *    Server V2 calls/sec
                 *    Client V2 calls/sec
                 *    Server V3 calls/sec
                 *    Client V3 calls/sec
          The variable part of the topas display can have one, two, three, four, or five subsections. If more than one subsection displays, they are always
          shown in the following order:
          *    Processor
          *    Network Interfaces
          *    Physical Disks
   
          *    Workload Manager Classes
          *    Processes
   
          When the topas command is started, it displays all subsections for which hot entities are monitored. The exception to this is the Workload Manager
          (WLM) Classes subsection, which is displayed only when WLM is active.
          CPU Utilization
               This subsection displays a bar chart showing cumulative processor usage. If more than one processor exists, a list of processors can be
               displayed by pressing the c key twice. Pressing the c key only once will turn this subsection off. The following fields are displayed by both
               formats:
                 User%
                      This shows the percent of processor used by programs executing in user mode. (Default sorted by User%)
                 Kern%
                      This shows the percent of processor used by programs executing in kernel mode.
                 Wait%
                      This shows the percent of time spent waiting for IO.
                 Idle%
                      This shows the percent of time the processor(s) is idle.
                 Physc
                      Number of physical processors consumed. Displayed only if the partition is running with shared processor.
                 %Entc
                      Percentage of entitled capacity consumed. Displayed only if the partition is running with shared processor.
               When this subsection first displays the list of hot processors, the list is sorted by the User% field. However, the list can be sorted by the
               other fields by moving the cursor to the top of the desired column.
          Network Interfaces
               This subsection displays a list of hot network interfaces. The maximum number of interfaces displayed is the number of hot interfaces being
               monitored, as specified with the -n flag. A smaller number of interfaces will be displayed if other subsections are also being displayed.
               Pressing the n key turns off this subsection. Pressing the n key again shows a one-line report summary of the activity for all network
               interfaces. Both reports display the following fields:
                 Interf
                      The name of the network interface.
                 KBPS
                      The total throughput in megabytes per second over the monitoring interval. This field is the sum of kilobytes received and kilobytes
                      sent per second.
                 I-Pack
                      The number of data packets received per second over the monitoring interval.
                 O-Pack
                      The number of data packets sent per second over the monitoring interval.
                 KB-In
                      The number of kilobytes received per second over the monitoring interval.
                 KB-Out
                      The number of kilobytes sent per second over the monitoring interval.
               When this subsection first displays the list of hot network interfaces, the list is sorted by the KBPS field. However, the list can be sorted
               by the other fields by moving the cursor to the top of the desired column. Sorting is only valid for up to 16 network adapters.
          Physical Disks
               This subsection displays a list of hot physical disks. The maximum number of physical disks displayed is the number of hot physical disks being
               monitored as specified with the -d flag. A smaller number of physical disks will be displayed if other subsections are also being displayed.
               Pressing the d key turns off this subsection. Pressing the d key again shows a one-line report summary of the activity for all physical disks.
               Both reports display the following fields:
                 Disk
                      The name of the physical disk.
                 Busy%
                      Indicates the percentage of time the physical disk was active (bandwidth use for the drive).
                 KBPS
                      The number of kilobytes read and written per second over the monitoring interval. This field is the sum of KB-Read and KB-Read.
                 TPS
                      The number of transfers per second that were issued to the physical disk. A transfer is an I/O request to the physical disk. Multiple
                      logical requests can be combined into a single I/O request to the disk. A transfer is of indeterminate size.
                 KB-Read
   
                      The number of kilobytes read per second from the physical disk.
                 K -Writ
                      The number of kilobytes written per second to the physical disk.
               When this subsection first displays the list of hot physical disks, the list is sorted by the KBPS field. However, the list can be sorted by
               the other fields by moving the cursor to the top of the desired column. Sorting is only valid for up to 128 physical disks.
          WLM Classes
               This subsection displays a list of hot Workload Manager (WLM) Classes. The maximum number of WLM classes displayed is the number of hot WLM
               classes being monitored as specified with the -w flag. A smaller number of classes will be displayed if other subsections are also being
               displayed. Pressing the w key turns off this subsection. The following fields are displayed for each class:
                 % CPU Utilization
                      The average processor use of the WLM class over the monitoring interval.
                 % Mem Utilization
                      The average memory use of the WLM class over the monitoring interval.
                 % Blk I/O
                      The average percent of block I/O of the WLM class over the monitoring interval.
               When this subsection first displays the list of hot WLM classes, the list will be sorted by the CPU% field. However, the list can be sorted by
               the other fields by moving the cursor to the top of the desired column.
          Processes
               This subsection displays a list of hot processes. The maximum number of processes displayed is the number of hot processes being monitored as
               specified with the -p flag. A smaller number of processes will be displayed if other subsections are also being displayed. Pressing the p key
               turns off this subsection. The processes are sorted by their processor usage over the monitoring interval. The following fields are displayed
               for each process:
                 Name
                      The name of the executable program executing in the process. The name is stripped of any pathname and argument information and truncated
                      to 9 characters in length.
                 Process ID
                      The process ID of the process.
                 % CPU Utilization
                      The average processor use of the process over the monitoring interval. The first time a process is shown, this value is the average
                      processor use over the lifetime of the process.
                 Paging Space Used
                      The size of the paging space allocated to this process. This can be considered an expression of the footprint of the process but does
                      not include the memory used to keep the executable program and any shared libraries it may depend on.
                 Process Owner (if the WLM section is off)
                      The user name of the user who owns the process.
                 Workload Manager (WLM) Class (if the WLM section is on)
                      The WLM class to which the process belongs.
   

3. Kamus,

   Busy% Indicates the percentage of time the physical disk was active (bandwidth use for the drive).

4. Busy%：磁盘繁忙的百分比，即磁盘能满足的最大IOPS(每秒IO操作数)和当前IO数量的比率

   那么，磁盘能满足的最大IOPS，topas是如何计算的？

   另外Cswitch应该是上下文转换次数，Context Switch，非Content Switch吧。

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