近期到现场进行了一个数据库恢复,我在恢复之前该库先由于硬件进行恢复,然后由其他人对其进行了一系列数据库恢复,但是未恢复成功,客户希望我们到现场进行处理(因为网络原因无法远程).接手库之后,处理第一个问题,是客户在进行现场备份的时候(把linux数据拷贝到win的过程中)发现有几个文件拷贝异常,这个错误很可能是由于当初的硬件故障修复之后留下的后遗症(由于io设备错误,无法运行此项请求),通过工具进行拷贝,恢复出来
DUL> copy file from /oradata2/xifenfeidata.dbf to /oradata2/xifenfeidata.dbf
starting copy datafile '/oradata1/xifenfeidata.dbf' to '/oradata2/xifenfeidata.dbf'
read data error from file '/oradata1/xifenfeidata.dbf'.error message:Input/output error
read block# error: 560171
read data error from file '/oradata1/xifenfeidata.dbf'.error message:Input/output error
read block# error: 560179
datafile copy completed with 2 block error.
[oracle@localhost ~]$ dbv file=/oradata2/xifenfeidata.dbf blocksize=16384
DBVERIFY: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Mon Mar 29 17:28:17 2021
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
DBVERIFY - Verification starting : FILE = /oradata2/xifenfeidata.dbf
Page 560171 is marked corrupt
Corrupt block relative dba: 0x3bc88c2b (file 239, block 560171)
Completely zero block found during dbv:
Page 560179 is marked corrupt
Corrupt block relative dba: 0x3bc88c33 (file 239, block 560179)
Completely zero block found during dbv:
DBVERIFY - Verification complete
Total Pages Examined : 4194302
Total Pages Processed (Data) : 2230726
Total Pages Failing (Data) : 0
Total Pages Processed (Index): 1936953
Total Pages Failing (Index): 0
Total Pages Processed (Other): 26618
Total Pages Processed (Seg) : 0
Total Pages Failing (Seg) : 0
Total Pages Empty : 3
Total Pages Marked Corrupt : 2
Total Pages Influx : 0
Total Pages Encrypted : 0
Highest block SCN : 304929867 (106.304929867)
修复完相关无法拷贝文件之后,启动数据库报控制文件异常
Mon Mar 29 15:03:38 2021
alter database mount
USER (ospid: 29044): terminating the instance
Mon Mar 29 15:03:42 2021
System state dump requested by (instance=1, osid=29044), summary=[abnormal instance termination].
System State dumped to trace file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/xff/xff/trace/xff_diag_28961.trc
Instance terminated by USER, pid = 29044
尝试重建ctl
[oracle@localhost ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Mon Mar 29 17:40:17 2021
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup nomount pfile='/tmp/pfile'
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 1.7704E+10 bytes
Fixed Size 2235568 bytes
Variable Size 2348811088 bytes
Database Buffers 1.5301E+10 bytes
Redo Buffers 52580352 bytes
SQL> @/tmp/ctl.sql
CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE xff NORESETLOGS NOARCHIVELOG
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01503: CREATE CONTROLFILE failed
ORA-01189: file is from a different RESETLOGS than previous files
ORA-01110: data file 249: '/oradata/xff/system03.dbf'
初步判断是由于对方之前恢复导致部分文件resetlogs scn异常,通过bbed进行判断确认
BBED> set file 1
FILE# 1
BBED> p kcvfhrls
struct kcvfhrls, 8 bytes @116
ub4 kscnbas @116 0x00000001
ub2 kscnwrp @120 0x0000
BBED> set file 249
FILE# 249
BBED> p kcvfhrls
struct kcvfhrls, 8 bytes @116
ub4 kscnbas @116 0x00000001
ub2 kscnwrp @120 0x0000
通过bbed修改相关值,然后重建控制文件成功,尝试resetlogs库，报ORA-01248错误
SQL> alter database open resetlogs;
alter database open resetlogs
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01248: file 234 was created in the future of incomplete recovery
ORA-01110: data file 234: '/oradata1/xifenfeidata5.DBF'
关于ORA-01248的错误解释
01248, 00000, "file %s was created in the future of incomplete recovery"
// *Cause: Attempting to do a RESETLOGS open with a file entry in the
// control file that was originally created after the UNTIL time
// of the incomplete recovery.
// Allowing such an entry may hide the version of the file that
// is needed at this time. The file number may be in use for
// a different file which would be lost if the RESETLOGS was allowed.
// *Action: If more recovery is desired then apply redo until the creation
// time of the file is reached. If the file is not wanted and the
// same file number is not in use at the stop time of the recovery,
// then the file can be taken offline with the FOR DROP option.
// Otherwise a different control file is needed to allow the RESETLOGS.
// Another backup can be restored and recovered, or a control file can
// be created via CREATE CONTROLFILE.
大概的意思是文件的创建时间大于文件当前的scn,通过查询确实如此
SQL> select file#,CREATION_CHANGE#,CREATION_TIME from v$datafile_header where file#=234;
FILE# CREATION_CHANGE# CREATION_
---------------- ---------------- ---------
234 419298664864 02-AUG-19
SQL> SELECT status,
2 to_char(checkpoint_change#,'9999999999999999') "SCN",
3 to_char(checkpoint_time,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') checkpoint_time,FUZZY,
4 count(*) ROW_NUM
5 FROM v$datafile_header
6 GROUP BY status, checkpoint_change#, to_char(checkpoint_time,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss'),fuzzy
7 ORDER BY status, checkpoint_change#, checkpoint_time;
STATUS SCN CHECKPOINT_TIME FUZ ROW_NUM
------- ----------------- ------------------- --- ----------------
ONLINE 417750848223 2021-02-23 23:50:46 YES 7
ONLINE 417750848223 2021-03-21 11:44:25 NO 396
通过对部分scn进行修改（比如减小创建时间的scn)，然后尝试resetlogs库
SQL> alter database open resetlogs;
alter database open resetlogs
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01092: ORACLE instance terminated. Disconnection forced
ORA-00704: bootstrap process failure
ORA-00704: bootstrap process failure
ORA-00604: error occurred at recursive SQL level 1
ORA-01555: snapshot too old: rollback segment number 5 with name
"_SYSSMU5_2708889888$" too small
Process ID: 3182
Session ID: 1 Serial number: 3
这个错误比较简单,参考以前的部分文章:在数据库open过程中常遇到ORA-01555汇总数据库open过程遭遇ORA-1555对应sql语句补充,处理之后,数据库open成功
SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 1.7704E+10 bytes
Fixed Size 2235568 bytes
Variable Size 2348811088 bytes
Database Buffers 1.5301E+10 bytes
Redo Buffers 52580352 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> alter database open;
Database altered.
本次数据库恢复基本上完成,已经最大限度恢复数据,导出数据到新库,完成恢复任务
