20 – 六月 – 2012 – 专业Oracle数据库恢复，或许是您恢复数据的最后机会@phone:17813235971

今天客户说了一个我感觉有意思的需求:在一个库上的一张表记录所有库的ddl操作,实现方式：在一个库上建立表和触发器,其他库上通过dblink+同义词+触发器实现ddl操作记录到远程的表中.他当时写了一个触发器,但是有错误,想让我协助解决.在我们的一起努力下,解决了该触发器在dblink同义词的库上出错的问题.我这里测试使用的是10g的库做为存储所有库的ddl记录的库,11g库做为一个通过dblink插入ddl操作记录的库.
在10g数据库库中操作
1.创建记录ddl操作表

SQL> conn chf/xifenfei
Connected.
SQL> create table t_ddl_audit(
  2  db_name varchar2(30),
  3  login_user varchar2(30),
  4  ddl_time date,
  5  ip_address varchar2(20),
  6  audsid varchar2(20),
  7  schema_user varchar2(30),
  8  schema_object varchar2(40),
  9  login_tool varchar2(40),
 10  os_user varchar2(40),
 11  ddl_sql varchar2(4000));

Table created.

2.创建触发器

SQL> create or replace trigger tri_ddl_audit
  2    before ddl on database
  3  declare
  4    n           number;
  5    str_stmt    varchar2(4000);
  6    sql_text    ora_name_list_t;
  7    l_trace     number;
  8    v_module    varchar2(50);
  9    v_action    varchar2(50);
 10    str_session v$session%rowtype;
 11  begin
 12    n := ora_sql_txt(sql_text);
 13    for i in 1 .. n loop
 14      str_stmt := substr(str_stmt || sql_text(i), 1, 3000);
 15    end loop;
 16    dbms_application_info.READ_MODULE(v_module, v_action);
 17    INSERT INTO chf.t_ddl_audit
 18      (db_name,
 19       login_user,
 20       ddl_time,
 21       ip_address,
 22       audsid,
 23       schema_user,
 24       schema_object,
 25       login_tool,
 26       os_user,
 27       ddl_sql)
 28    VALUES
 29      (sys_context('USERENV', 'db_name'),
 30       ora_login_user,
 31       SYSDATE,
 32       sys_context('USERENV', 'IP_ADDRESS'),
 33       userenv('SESSIONID'),
 34       ora_dict_obj_owner,
 35       ora_dict_obj_name,
 36       v_module,
 37       sys_context('userenv', 'os_user'),
 38       str_stmt);
 39  exception
 40    when no_data_found then
 41      null;
 42  end;
 43  /

Trigger created.

3.测试触发器

SQL> conn chf/xifenfei
Connected.
SQL> create table t_xff as select * from dba_tables where rownum=1;

Table created.

SQL> select db_name,login_user,ddl_sql from t_ddl_audit;

DB_NAME                        LOGIN_USER
------------------------------ ------------------------------
DDL_SQL
-----------------------------------------------------------------
XFF                            CHF
create table t_xff as select * from dba_tables where rownum=1

在11g数据库中操作
1.创建dblink和同义词

SQL> create database link "ora10g_dblink"
  2   connect to chf
  3    identified by "xifenfei"
  4     using 'ora10g';

Database link created.

SQL> create  synonym t_ddl_audit for t_ddl_audit@ora10g_dblink;

Synonym created.

2.第一次创建触发器

SQL> create or replace trigger tri_ddl_audit
  2    before ddl on database
  3  declare
  4    n           number;
  5    str_stmt    varchar2(4000);
  6    sql_text    ora_name_list_t;
  7    l_trace     number;
  8    v_module    varchar2(50);
  9    v_action    varchar2(50);
 10    str_session v$session%rowtype;
 11  begin
 12    n := ora_sql_txt(sql_text);
 13    for i in 1 .. n loop
 14      str_stmt := substr(str_stmt || sql_text(i), 1, 3000);
 15    end loop;
 16    dbms_application_info.READ_MODULE(v_module, v_action);
 17    INSERT INTO t_ddl_audit
 18      (db_name,
 19       login_user,
 20       ddl_time,
 21       ip_address,
 22       audsid,
 23       schema_user,
 24       schema_object,
 25       login_tool,
 26       os_user,
 27       ddl_sql)
 28    VALUES
 29      (sys_context('USERENV', 'db_name'),
 30       ora_login_user,
 31       SYSDATE,
 32       sys_context('USERENV', 'IP_ADDRESS'),
 33       userenv('SESSIONID'),
 34       ora_dict_obj_owner,
 35       ora_dict_obj_name,
 36       v_module,
 37       sys_context('userenv', 'os_user'),
 38       str_stmt);
 39  exception
 40    when no_data_found then
 41      null;
 42  end;
 43  /

Trigger created.

3.测试触发器

SQL> create table t_xff as select * from dba_objects where rownum<10;
create table t_xff as select * from dba_objects where rownum<10
                                    *
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00604: error occurred at recursive SQL level 1
ORA-02070: database  does not support  in this context
ORA-06512: at line 15

出现ORA-02070错误,估计是类此sys_context(‘userenv’, ‘os_user’)导致。

4.第二次创建触发器

SQL> create or replace trigger tri_ddl_audit
  2    before ddl on database
  3  declare
  4    n           number;
  5    str_stmt    varchar2(4000);
  6    sql_text    ora_name_list_t;
  7    l_trace     number;
  8    v_module    varchar2(50);
  9    v_action    varchar2(50);
 10    v_db_name   varchar2(50);
 11    v_ip_addr   varchar2(50);
 12    v_os        varchar2(50);
 13    v_session_id varchar2(50);
 14    str_session v$session%rowtype;
 15  begin
 16    n := ora_sql_txt(sql_text);
 17    for i in 1 .. n loop
 18      str_stmt := substr(str_stmt || sql_text(i), 1, 3000);
 19    end loop;
 20    dbms_application_info.READ_MODULE(v_module, v_action);
 21    v_db_name :=sys_context('USERENV', 'db_name');
 22    v_ip_addr :=sys_context('USERENV', 'IP_ADDRESS');
 23    v_os:=sys_context('userenv', 'os_user');
 24    v_session_id:=userenv('SESSIONID');
 25    INSERT INTO t_ddl_audit
 26      (db_name,
 27       login_user,
 28       ddl_time,
 29       ip_address,
 30       audsid,
 31       schema_user,
 32       schema_object,
 33       login_tool,
 34       os_user,
 35       ddl_sql)
 36    VALUES
 37      (v_db_name,
 38       ora_login_user,
 39       SYSDATE,
 40       v_ip_addr,
 41      v_session_id,
 42       ora_dict_obj_owner,
 43       ora_dict_obj_name,
 44       v_module,
 45       v_os,
 46       str_stmt);
 47  exception
 48    when no_data_found then
 49      null;
 50  end;
 51  /

Trigger created.

5.继续测试触发器

SQL> drop table t3;
drop table t3
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00604: error occurred at recursive SQL level 1
ORA-02069: global_names parameter must be set to TRUE for this operation
ORA-06512: at line 23

根据ORA-02069,查询资料发现是通过dblink插入数据使用了变量和常量的方式混合使用导致该错误,修改触发器全部使用变量方式

6.第三次创建触发器

SQL> create or replace trigger tri_ddl_audit
  2    before ddl on database
  3  declare
  4    n           number;
  5    str_stmt    varchar2(4000);
  6    sql_text    ora_name_list_t;
  7    l_trace     number;
  8    v_module    varchar2(50);
  9    v_action    varchar2(50);
 10    v_db_name   varchar2(50);
 11    v_ip_addr   varchar2(50);
 12    v_os        varchar2(50);
 13    v_session_id varchar2(50);
 14    v_loginuser    varchar2(50);
 15     v_obj_name varchar2(50);
 16    v_owner    varchar2(50);
 17    str_session v$session%rowtype;
 18  begin
 19    n := ora_sql_txt(sql_text);
 20    for i in 1 .. n loop
 21      str_stmt := substr(str_stmt || sql_text(i), 1, 3000);
 22    end loop;
 23    dbms_application_info.READ_MODULE(v_module, v_action);
 24    v_db_name :=sys_context('USERENV', 'db_name');
 25    v_ip_addr :=sys_context('USERENV', 'IP_ADDRESS');
 26    v_os:=sys_context('userenv', 'os_user');
 27    v_session_id:=userenv('SESSIONID');
 28    v_loginuser:= ora_login_user;
 29    v_owner:=ora_dict_obj_owner;
 30    v_obj_name:=ora_dict_obj_name;
 31    INSERT INTO t_ddl_audit
 32      (db_name,
 33       login_user,
 34       ddl_time,
 35       ip_address,
 36       audsid,
 37       schema_user,
 38       schema_object,
 39       login_tool,
 40       os_user,
 41       ddl_sql)
 42    VALUES
 43      (v_db_name,
 44       v_loginuser,
 45       SYSDATE,
 46       v_ip_addr,
 47      v_session_id,
 48       v_owner,
 49       v_obj_name,
 50       v_module,
 51       v_os,
 52       str_stmt);
 53  exception
 54    when no_data_found then
 55      null;
 56  end;   
 57  /

Trigger created.

7.测试触发器

SQL> create table t_xff11 as select * from dba_tables where rownum<10;

Table created.

SQL> select db_name,login_user,ddl_sql from t_ddl_audit;

DB_NAME                        LOGIN_USER
------------------------------ ------------------------------
DDL_SQL
-----------------------------------------------------------------
ora11g                         CHF
create table t_xff11 as select * from dba_tables where rownum<10

XFF                            CHF
create table t_xff as select * from dba_tables where rownum=1

补充说明
这个方案个人感觉是一个实验室中的方案,在实际的生成环境中很难应用上
1.trigger记录ddl操作本身效率不高
2.如果某个库不能访问存储ddl操作的表的数据库,将导致该数据库所有ddl操作hang住,从而可能使得该数据库hang住的风险.

[oracle@xifenfei dul]$ more init.dul osd_big_endian_flag=false osd_dba_file_bits=10 osd_c_struct_alignment=32 osd_file_leader_size=1 osd_word_size = 32 dc_columns=2000000 dc_tables=10000 dc_objects=1000000 dc_users=400 dc_segments=100000 Buffer=10485760 control_file = control.txt db_block_size=8192 export_mode=true --false表示是sqlloader,true表示imp compatible=10

[oracle@xifenfei dul]$ more control.txt 0 1 /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/system01.dbf 1 2 /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/undotbs01.dbf 2 3 /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/sysaux01.dbf 4 4 /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/users01.dbf 6 5 /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/datfttuser.dbf --sql语句 select ts#,rfile#,name from v$datafile;

[oracle@xifenfei dul]$ ./dul Data UnLoader: 10.2.0.5.13 - Internal Only - on Sun Jun 10 06:39:47 2012 with 64-bit io functions Copyright (c) 1994 2012 Bernard van Duijnen All rights reserved. Strictly Oracle Internal Use Only Found db_id = 3426707456 Found db_name = XFF

DUL> BOOTSTRAP; Probing file = 1, block = 377 . unloading table BOOTSTRAP$ DUL: Warning: block number is non zero but marked deferred trying to process it anyhow 57 rows unloaded DUL: Warning: Dictionary cache DC_BOOTSTRAP is empty Reading BOOTSTRAP.dat 57 entries loaded Parsing Bootstrap$ contents Generating dict.ddl for version 10 OBJ$: segobjno 18, file 1 block 121 TAB$: segobjno 2, tabno 1, file 1 block 25 COL$: segobjno 2, tabno 5, file 1 block 25 USER$: segobjno 10, tabno 1, file 1 block 89 Running generated file "@dict.ddl" to unload the dictionary tables . unloading table OBJ$ 50930 rows unloaded . unloading table TAB$ 1593 rows unloaded . unloading table COL$ 55163 rows unloaded . unloading table USER$ 61 rows unloaded Reading USER.dat 61 entries loaded Reading OBJ.dat 50930 entries loaded and sorted 50930 entries Reading TAB.dat 1593 entries loaded Reading COL.dat 55163 entries loaded and sorted 55163 entries Reading BOOTSTRAP.dat 57 entries loaded DUL: Warning: Recreating file "dict.ddl" Generating dict.ddl for version 10 OBJ$: segobjno 18, file 1 block 121 TAB$: segobjno 2, tabno 1, file 1 block 25 COL$: segobjno 2, tabno 5, file 1 block 25 USER$: segobjno 10, tabno 1, file 1 block 89 TABPART$: segobjno 266, file 1 block 2121 INDPART$: segobjno 271, file 1 block 2161 TABCOMPART$: segobjno 288, file 1 block 2297 INDCOMPART$: segobjno 293, file 1 block 2345 TABSUBPART$: segobjno 278, file 1 block 2217 INDSUBPART$: segobjno 283, file 1 block 2257 IND$: segobjno 2, tabno 3, file 1 block 25 ICOL$: segobjno 2, tabno 4, file 1 block 25 LOB$: segobjno 2, tabno 6, file 1 block 25 COLTYPE$: segobjno 2, tabno 7, file 1 block 25 TYPE$: segobjno 181, tabno 1, file 1 block 1297 COLLECTION$: segobjno 181, tabno 2, file 1 block 1297 ATTRIBUTE$: segobjno 181, tabno 3, file 1 block 1297 LOBFRAG$: segobjno 299, file 1 block 2393 LOBCOMPPART$: segobjno 302, file 1 block 2425 UNDO$: segobjno 15, file 1 block 105 TS$: segobjno 6, tabno 2, file 1 block 57 PROPS$: segobjno 96, file 1 block 721 Running generated file "@dict.ddl" to unload the dictionary tables . unloading table OBJ$ DUL: Warning: Recreating file "OBJ.ctl" 50930 rows unloaded . unloading table TAB$ DUL: Warning: Recreating file "TAB.ctl" 1593 rows unloaded . unloading table COL$ DUL: Warning: Recreating file "COL.ctl" 55163 rows unloaded . unloading table USER$ DUL: Warning: Recreating file "USER.ctl" 61 rows unloaded . unloading table TABPART$ 90 rows unloaded . unloading table INDPART$ 99 rows unloaded . unloading table TABCOMPART$ 0 rows unloaded . unloading table INDCOMPART$ 0 rows unloaded . unloading table TABSUBPART$ 0 rows unloaded . unloading table INDSUBPART$ 0 rows unloaded . unloading table IND$ 2251 rows unloaded . unloading table ICOL$ 3669 rows unloaded . unloading table LOB$ 537 rows unloaded . unloading table COLTYPE$ 1702 rows unloaded . unloading table TYPE$ 1886 rows unloaded . unloading table COLLECTION$ 552 rows unloaded . unloading table ATTRIBUTE$ 7051 rows unloaded . unloading table LOBFRAG$ 1 row unloaded . unloading table LOBCOMPPART$ 0 rows unloaded . unloading table UNDO$ 21 rows unloaded . unloading table TS$ 7 rows unloaded . unloading table PROPS$ 27 rows unloaded Reading USER.dat 61 entries loaded Reading OBJ.dat 50930 entries loaded and sorted 50930 entries Reading TAB.dat 1593 entries loaded Reading COL.dat 55163 entries loaded and sorted 55163 entries Reading TABPART.dat 90 entries loaded and sorted 90 entries Reading TABCOMPART.dat 0 entries loaded and sorted 0 entries Reading TABSUBPART.dat 0 entries loaded and sorted 0 entries Reading INDPART.dat 99 entries loaded and sorted 99 entries Reading INDCOMPART.dat 0 entries loaded and sorted 0 entries Reading INDSUBPART.dat 0 entries loaded and sorted 0 entries Reading IND.dat 2251 entries loaded Reading LOB.dat 537 entries loaded Reading ICOL.dat 3669 entries loaded Reading COLTYPE.dat 1702 entries loaded Reading TYPE.dat 1886 entries loaded Reading ATTRIBUTE.dat 7051 entries loaded Reading COLLECTION.dat 552 entries loaded Reading BOOTSTRAP.dat 57 entries loaded Reading LOBFRAG.dat 1 entries loaded and sorted 1 entries Reading LOBCOMPPART.dat 0 entries loaded and sorted 0 entries Reading UNDO.dat 21 entries loaded Reading TS.dat 7 entries loaded Reading PROPS.dat 27 entries loaded Database character set is ZHS16GBK Database national character set is AL16UTF16

DUL> desc chf.t_xifenfei; Table CHF.T_XIFENFEI obj#= 52189, dataobj#= 52189, ts#= 4, file#= 4, block#=123 tab#= 0, segcols= 2, clucols= 0 Column information: icol# 01 segcol# 01 ID len 22 type 2 NUMBER(0,-127) icol# 02 segcol# 02 NAME len 100 type 1 VARCHAR2 cs 852(ZHS16GBK) DUL> UNLOAD TABLE chf.t_xifenfei; . unloading table T_XIFENFEI 2 rows unloaded

[oracle@xifenfei dul]$ strings CHF_T_XIFENFEI.dmp EXPORT:V07.00.07 UBernard's DUL RTABLES 1024 Direct UnLoader(C) in EXPort mode TABLE "T_XIFENFEI" CREATE TABLE "T_XIFENFEI"("ID" NUMBER,"NAME" VARCHAR2(100)) INSERT INTO "T_XIFENFEI" ("ID", "NAME") VALUES (:1, :2) www.orasos.com WWW.XIFENEI.COM EXIT

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Daily Archives: 2012 年 06 月 20 日

实现trigger集中记录所有库ddl操作

使用 dul 挖数据文件初试

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