Author Archives: 惜分飞

11G RAC TO 11G RAC ADG配置

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RDBMS tnsnames.ora配置
在主备库的数据库的tns中均增加如下配置

q9dbdg =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = q9db01-dg-vip)(PORT = 1522))
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = q9db02-dg-vip)(PORT = 1522))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = q9db)
    )
)

q9adgdg =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = q9adg01-dg-vip)(PORT = 1522))
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = q9adg02-dg-vip)(PORT = 1522))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = q9db)
    )
)

主库修改参数配置

alter system set DB_UNIQUE_NAME=q9db scope=spfile;
alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG='DG_CONFIG=(q9db,q9db_adg)' scope=both;
alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='LOCATION=+arch/q9db/ARCHIVELOG VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=q9db' scope=both;
alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2='SERVICE=q9adg1dg LGWR SYNC AFFIRM VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=q9db_adg';
alter system set standby_file_management='AUTO' sid='*' scope=both;
alter system set fal_client='q9dbdg';
alter system set fal_server='q9adgdg';
alter system set db_file_name_convert='+DATA','+DATA' SCOPE=SPFILE;
ALTER SYSTEM SET log_file_name_convert='+DATA','+DATA' SCOPE=SPFILE;

备库修改参数配置

alter system set DB_UNIQUE_NAME=q9db_adg scope=spfile;
alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG='DG_CONFIG=(q9db,q9db_adg)' scope=both;
alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='LOCATION=+arch/q9db/ARCHIVELOG VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=q9db_adg';
alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2='SERVICE=q9db1dg LGWR SYNC AFFIRM VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=q9db';
alter system set standby_file_management='AUTO' sid='*' scope=both;
alter system set fal_client='q9adgdg';
alter system set fal_server='q9dbdg';
alter system set service_names='q9db';
alter system set db_file_name_convert='+DATA','+DATA' SCOPE=SPFILE;
ALTER SYSTEM SET log_file_name_convert='+DATA','+DATA' SCOPE=SPFILE;

主库增加standby redo log

alter database add standby logfile THREAD 1 group 51 '+DATA' size 512m;
…………
alter database add standby logfile THREAD 1 group 61 '+DATA' size 512m;

alter database add standby logfile THREAD 2 group 71 '+DATA' size 512m;
…………
alter database add standby logfile THREAD 2 group 81 '+DATA' size 512m;

主库修改强制日志

SQL> ALTER DATABASE FROCE LOGGING;

RMAN备份主库

rman target /
run{
configure device type disk parallelism 16;
backup database filesperset = 10  format '/q9bak/df_%U';
backup current controlfile format '/q9bak/ctl_%U';
}

创建standby controlfile

ALTER DATABASE CREATE STANDBY CONTROLFILE AS '/q9bak/stb_ctl';

还原standby controlfile

ASMCMD> cp /q9bak/stb_ctl control01.ctl
copying /q9bak/stb_ctl -> +data/Q9DB/control01.ctl
ASMCMD> cp /q9bak/stb_ctl control02.ctl
copying /q9bak/stb_ctl -> +arch/q9db/control02.ctl

还原备库

SQL>startup mount;

rman target / nocatalog <<EOF
run{
configure default device type to disk;
configure device type disk parallelism 16;
restore database;
}
<<EOF

修改备库文件名

RMAN>catalog start with '+DATA/Q9DB/DATAFILE/';
RMAN> switch database to copy;

清理redo

--清理redo(所有的group#)
SQL> select group# from v$log; 
SQL> alter database clear logfile group 1; 
……

--清理standby redo(所有的group#)
SQL> select group# from v$standby_log; 
SQL> alter database clear logfile group 51; 
……

开启备库实时应用模式

SQL> alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session;

备库注册DB服务(oracle用户)

srvctl add database -d q9db_adg -o $ORACLE_HOME 
srvctl add instance -d q9db_adg -i q9db1 -n q9adg01
srvctl add instance -d q9db_adg -i q9db2 -n q9adg02
srvctl modify database -d q9db_adg -a DATA,ARCH

11G RAC TO 11G RAC ADG SWITCHOVER

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11G RAC TO 11G RAC ADG切换过程
主库准备工作

SQL> select inst_id,database_role,OPEN_MODE from  gv$database;

   INST_ID DATABASE_ROLE    OPEN_MODE
---------- ---------------- --------------------
         2 PRIMARY          READ WRITE
         1 PRIMARY          READ WRITE

[oracle@q9db02 ~]$ srvctl stop instance -d q9db -i q9db2

SQL> select inst_id,database_role,OPEN_MODE from  gv$database;

   INST_ID DATABASE_ROLE    OPEN_MODE
---------- ---------------- --------------------
         1 PRIMARY          READ WRITE

SQL> CREATE RESTORE POINT SWITCHOVER_START_GRP GUARANTEE FLASHBACK DATABASE;

Restore point created.

备库准备工作

SQL> select inst_id,database_role,OPEN_MODE from  gv$database;

   INST_ID DATABASE_ROLE    OPEN_MODE
---------- ---------------- --------------------
         2 PHYSICAL STANDBY READ ONLY WITH APPLY
         1 PHYSICAL STANDBY READ ONLY WITH APPL

[oracle@q9adg02 ~]$ srvctl stop instance -d q9db_adg -i q9db2

SQL> select inst_id,database_role,OPEN_MODE from  gv$database;

   INST_ID DATABASE_ROLE    OPEN_MODE
---------- ---------------- --------------------
         1 PHYSICAL STANDBY READ ONLY WITH APPL


SQL> ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE CANCEL;

Database altered.

SQL> CREATE RESTORE POINT SWITCHOVER_START_GRP GUARANTEE FLASHBACK DATABASE;

Restore point created.

SQL> ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE USING CURRENT LOGFILE DISCONNECT;

Database altered.

主库切换日志,观察备库

--主库
SQL> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

SQL> /

System altered.

--备库
[oracle@q9adg01 trace]$ tail -f alert_q9db1.log 
Tue Jun 25 15:35:27 2013
RFS[10]: Selected log 52 for thread 1 sequence 4777 dbid 844605368 branch 817913807
Tue Jun 25 15:35:28 2013
Archived Log entry 4889 added for thread 1 sequence 4776 ID 0x3545ffea dest 1:
Tue Jun 25 15:35:28 2013
Media Recovery Waiting for thread 1 sequence 4777 (in transit)
Tue Jun 25 15:35:28 2013
RFS[11]: Selected log 72 for thread 2 sequence 1630 dbid 844605368 branch 817913807
Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 52 Seq 4777 Reading mem 0
  Mem# 0: +DATA/q9db_adg/onlinelog/group_52.1564.818724635
Media Recovery Waiting for thread 2 sequence 1630 (in transit)
Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 2 Group 72 Seq 1630 Reading mem 0
  Mem# 0: +DATA/q9db_adg/onlinelog/group_72.1575.818724653
Tue Jun 25 15:35:30 2013
Archived Log entry 4890 added for thread 2 sequence 1629 ID 0x3545ffea dest 1:

几乎同步进行表示主备日志传输应用正常

主库切换

SQL> SELECT SWITCHOVER_STATUS FROM V$DATABASE;

SWITCHOVER_STATUS
--------------------
TO STANDBY

SQL> ALTER DATABASE COMMIT TO SWITCHOVER TO STANDBY WITH SESSION SHUTDOWN;


Database altered.

备库切换

SQL> SELECT SWITCHOVER_STATUS FROM V$DATABASE;

SWITCHOVER_STATUS
--------------------
TO PRIMARY

SQL> ALTER DATABASE COMMIT TO SWITCHOVER TO PRIMARY WITH SESSION SHUTDOWN;

Database altered.

SQL> ALTER DATABASE OPEN;

Database altered.

继续处理主库

SQL> shutdown immediate
ORA-01092: ORACLE instance terminated. Disconnection forced
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, Data Mining
and Real Application Testing options
[oracle@q9db01 ogg]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Tue Jun 25 14:13:58 2013

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup mount
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1.6034E+11 bytes
Fixed Size                  2236968 bytes
Variable Size            2.5770E+10 bytes
Database Buffers         1.3422E+11 bytes
Redo Buffers              352468992 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE USING CURRENT LOGFILE DISCONNECT;


Database altered.

SQL> ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE cancel;

Database altered.

SQL> alter database open;

Database altered.

SQL> ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE USING CURRENT LOGFILE DISCONNECT;


Database altered.

清理快照

--主库
SQL> DROP RESTORE POINT SWITCHOVER_START_GRP;

Restore point dropped.

--备库
SQL> startup mount
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1.6034E+11 bytes
Fixed Size                  2236968 bytes
Variable Size            2.7380E+10 bytes
Database Buffers         1.3261E+11 bytes
Redo Buffers              352468992 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> DROP RESTORE POINT SWITCHOVER_START_GRP;

Restore point dropped.

SQL> ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE USING CURRENT LOGFILE DISCONNECT;


Database altered.

SQL>  ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE CANCEL;


Database altered.

SQL> alter database open;

Database altered.

SQL>  ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE USING CURRENT LOGFILE DISCONNECT;

Database altered.

启动主备另外节点

--主库
[oracle@q9db01 ~]$ srvctl start instance -d q9db -i q9db2
--备库
[oracle@q9adg02 ~]$ srvctl start instance -d q9db_adg -i q9db2

补充说明:如果出现日志切换暂时不能传输

备库执行(因为重启动态监听没有马上别识别)
alter system register;
主库执行
alter system set log_archive_dest_state_2=enable;

在11GR2 GI上配置第二个监听

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有客户因为归档日志量每天很大,为了不影响业务,需要配置一个单独的万兆网络来专门的传输归档日志到DG库,这里就涉及到在11G(11203 Linux) RAC中增加一个监听用来使用专门的网络.这里提供在主库配置第二个监听的整体操作过程,主要涉及配置解析,增加网络,增加vip,配置监听,配置listener_networks
网卡情况

[oracle@q9db01 admin]$ /sbin/ifconfig eth2
eth2      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 90:E2:BA:1E:14:34  
          inet addr:192.168.5.60  Bcast:192.168.5.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::92e2:baff:fe1e:1434/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:3932094203 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:176073749 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 
          RX bytes:5752649063554 (5.2 TiB)  TX bytes:31298228144 (29.1 GiB)

[grid@q9db02 ~]$ /sbin/ifconfig eth2
eth2      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 90:E2:BA:1E:13:5C  
          inet addr:192.168.5.61  Bcast:192.168.5.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::92e2:baff:fe1e:135c/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:22861938 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:187447459 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 
          RX bytes:2603356463 (2.4 GiB)  TX bytes:276672018723 (257.6 GiB)

配置hosts文件

#public dg ip
192.168.5.60     q9db01-dg
192.168.5.61     q9db02-dg

192.168.5.64    q9db01-dg-vip
192.168.5.65    q9db02-dg-vip

CRS中配置

--增加网络资源
[root@q9db01 ~]# srvctl add network -k 2 -S 192.168.5.0/255.255.255.0/eth2 -w static -v

--启动网络资源
[root@q9db01 ~]# crsctl start res ora.net2.network

--增加vip资源
[root@q9db01 ~]# srvctl add vip -n q9db01 -A 192.168.5.64/255.255.255.0 -k 2
[root@q9db01 ~]# srvctl add vip -n q9db02 -A 192.168.5.65/255.255.255.0 -k 2

--启动vip资源
[root@q9db01 ~]# srvctl start vip -i q9db01-dg-vip
[root@q9db01 ~]# srvctl start vip -i q9db02-dg-vip

--netca创建监听
[root@q9db01 ~]# su - grid
[grid@q9db01 ~]$ export DISPLAY=172.18.50.150:0.0
[grid@q9db01 ~]$ netca
------选择Subnet 2(选择网络192.168.5.60网段),选择非1521端口---------

--查看资源状态
[grid@q9db01 ~]$ crsctl status res -t
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NAME           TARGET  STATE        SERVER                   STATE_DETAILS       
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Local Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.ARCH.dg
               ONLINE  ONLINE       q9db01                                       
               ONLINE  ONLINE       q9db02                                       
ora.DATA.dg
               ONLINE  ONLINE       q9db01                                       
               ONLINE  ONLINE       q9db02                                       
ora.LISTENER.lsnr
               ONLINE  ONLINE       q9db01                                       
               ONLINE  ONLINE       q9db02                                       
ora.LISTENER_DG.lsnr
               ONLINE  ONLINE       q9db01                                       
               ONLINE  ONLINE       q9db02                                       
ora.OCR_VOTE.dg
               ONLINE  ONLINE       q9db01                                       
               ONLINE  ONLINE       q9db02                                       
ora.asm
               ONLINE  ONLINE       q9db01                   Started             
               ONLINE  ONLINE       q9db02                   Started             
ora.gsd
               OFFLINE OFFLINE      q9db01                                       
               OFFLINE OFFLINE      q9db02                                       
ora.net1.network
               ONLINE  ONLINE       q9db01                                       
               ONLINE  ONLINE       q9db02                                       
ora.net2.network
               ONLINE  ONLINE       q9db01                                       
               ONLINE  ONLINE       q9db02                                       
ora.ons
               ONLINE  ONLINE       q9db01                                       
               ONLINE  ONLINE       q9db02                                       
ora.registry.acfs
               ONLINE  ONLINE       q9db01                                       
               ONLINE  ONLINE       q9db02                                       
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cluster Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       q9db01                                       
ora.cvu
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       q9db01                                       
ora.oc4j
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       q9db01                                       
ora.q9db.db
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       q9db01                   Open                
      2        ONLINE  ONLINE       q9db02                   Open                
ora.q9db01-dg-vip.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       q9db01                                       
ora.q9db01.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       q9db01                                       
ora.q9db02-dg-vip.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       q9db02                                       
ora.q9db02.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       q9db02                                       
ora.scan1.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       q9db01                        

--查看监听状态
[grid@q9db01 ~]$ lsnrctl status listener_dg

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on 19-JUN-2013 14:40:24

Copyright (c) 1991, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=LISTENER_DG)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER_DG
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
Start Date                19-JUN-2013 14:38:43
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 1 min. 42 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /u01/app/grid/diag/tnslsnr/q9db01/listener_dg/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=LISTENER_DG)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.5.64)(PORT=1522)))
The listener supports no services
The command completed successfully

配置listener_networks

--在RDBMS的tnsnames.ora中配置
Q9DB01_LOCAL_NET1 =(DESCRIPTION =(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = q9db01-vip )(PORT = 1521)))

Q9DB01_LOCAL_NET2 =(DESCRIPTION =(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = q9db01-dg-vip )(PORT = 1522)))

Q9DB02_LOCAL_NET1 =(DESCRIPTION =(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = q9db02-vip )(PORT = 1521)))

Q9DB02_LOCAL_NET2 =(DESCRIPTION =(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = q9db02-dg-vip )(PORT = 1522)))

Q9DB_REMOTE_NET2 =(DESCRIPTION_LIST =(DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = q9db01-dg-vip )
(PORT = 1522)))(DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = q9db02-dg-vip )(PORT = 1522))))

--配置listener_networks
----节点1
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET listener_networks='((NAME=network1)(LOCAL_LISTENER=Q9DB01_LOCAL_NET1)
     (REMOTE_LISTENER=q9dbscan:1521))','((NAME=network2)(LOCAL_LISTENER=Q9DB01_LOCAL_NET2)
     (REMOTE_LISTENER=Q9DB_REMOTE_NET2))'SCOPE=BOTH SID='q9db1';

System altered.

----节点2
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET listener_networks='((NAME=network1)(LOCAL_LISTENER=Q9DB02_LOCAL_NET1)
     (REMOTE_LISTENER=q9db-scan:1521))','((NAME=network2)(LOCAL_LISTENER=Q9DB02_LOCAL_NET2)
     (REMOTE_LISTENER=Q9DB_REMOTE_NET2))'SCOPE=BOTH SID='q9db2';

System altered.

查看监听状态

--节点1
[grid@q9db01 ~]$ lsnrctl status listener_dg

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on 19-JUN-2013 17:12:45

Copyright (c) 1991, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=LISTENER_DG)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER_DG
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
Start Date                19-JUN-2013 16:47:03
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 25 min. 42 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /u01/app/grid/diag/tnslsnr/q9db01/listener_dg/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=LISTENER_DG)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.5.64)(PORT=1522)))
Services Summary...
Service "q9db" has 2 instance(s).
  Instance "q9db1", status READY, has 2 handler(s) for this service...
  Instance "q9db2", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully

--节点2
[grid@q9db02 ~]$ lsnrctl status listener_dg

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on 19-JUN-2013 17:12:02

Copyright (c) 1991, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=LISTENER_DG)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER_DG
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
Start Date                19-JUN-2013 16:52:24
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 19 min. 37 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /u01/app/grid/diag/tnslsnr/q9db02/listener_dg/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=LISTENER_DG)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.5.65)(PORT=1522)))
Services Summary...
Service "q9db" has 2 instance(s).
  Instance "q9db1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
  Instance "q9db2", status READY, has 2 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully

测试新监听

--RDBMS目录中tns配置
q9db1dg=
(DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = q9db01-dg-vip)(PORT = 1522))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SID = q9db1)
    )
 )

q9db2dg=
(DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = q9db02-dg-vip)(PORT = 1522))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SID = q9db2)
    )
 )

--验证结果
SQL> select * from v$version;

BANNER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
PL/SQL Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
CORE    11.2.0.3.0      Production
TNS for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
NLSRTL Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production

SQL> conn test/test@q9db1dg
Connected.
SQL> show parameter instance_name

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
instance_name                        string      q9db1
SQL> conn test/test@q9db2dg
Connected.
SQL>  show parameter instance_name

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
instance_name                        string      q9db2

到这里,可以正常的访问两个库,监听已经配置完成,数据库之间也可以使用特定网络

ORACLE 12C RMAN 功能增强

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在ORACLE 12C中对rman的功能有了不少增强,在以前的文章中写过RMAN RECOVER TABLE功能,这里另外补充rman增强的两个小功能(sql语句和数据文件分割)
数据库版本

SQL>  select * from v$version;

BANNER                                                                               CON_ID
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.1.0 - 64bit Production              0
PL/SQL Release 12.1.0.1.0 - Production                                                    0
CORE    12.1.0.1.0      Production                                                        0
TNS for Linux: Version 12.1.0.1.0 - Production                                            0
NLSRTL Version 12.1.0.1.0 - Production                                                    0

rman对sql语句支持增强

[oracle@xifenfei tmp]$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 12.1.0.1.0 - Production on Sat Jun 1 14:07:50 2013

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database: CDB (DBID=1922813718)

RMAN> select sysdate from dual;

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
SYSDATE  
---------
01-JUN-13

RMAN> alter session set nls_date_format='yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss';

Statement processed

RMAN>  select sysdate from dual;

SYSDATE            
-------------------
2013-06-01 14:16:48

RMAN> desc v$log

 Name                                      Null?    Type
 ----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------
 GROUP#                                             NUMBER                      
 THREAD#                                            NUMBER                      
 SEQUENCE#                                          NUMBER                      
 BYTES                                              NUMBER                      
 BLOCKSIZE                                          NUMBER                      
 MEMBERS                                            NUMBER                      
 ARCHIVED                                           VARCHAR2(3)                 
 STATUS                                             VARCHAR2(16)                
 FIRST_CHANGE#                                      NUMBER                      
 FIRST_TIME                                         DATE                        
 NEXT_CHANGE#                                       NUMBER                      
 NEXT_TIME                                          DATE                        
 CON_ID                                             NUMBER

这里看到rman只是sql语句中的select和desc用法

rman分割数据文件增强

RMAN>  CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 3;

old RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET;
new RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 3 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET;
new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored

RMAN> backup incremental level 1 section size 30M datafile 1 format '/tmp/system_%U.rman';

Starting backup at 01-JUN-13
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=27 device type=DISK
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_2
channel ORA_DISK_2: SID=269 device type=DISK
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_3
channel ORA_DISK_3: SID=24 device type=DISK
no parent backup or copy of datafile 1 found
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental level 1 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=+DATA/cdb/system01.dbf
backing up blocks 1 through 3840
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 01-JUN-13
channel ORA_DISK_2: starting incremental level 1 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_2: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=+DATA/cdb/system01.dbf
……………………
backing up blocks 96001 through 99840
channel ORA_DISK_3: starting piece 26 at 01-JUN-13
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 24 at 01-JUN-13
piece handle=/tmp/system_02ob3pg1_24_1.rman tag=TAG20130601T144518 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:08
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental level 1 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=+DATA/cdb/system01.dbf
backing up blocks 99841 through 101120
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 27 at 01-JUN-13
channel ORA_DISK_2: finished piece 25 at 01-JUN-13
piece handle=/tmp/system_02ob3pg1_25_1.rman tag=TAG20130601T144518 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_2: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07
channel ORA_DISK_3: finished piece 26 at 01-JUN-13
piece handle=/tmp/system_02ob3pg1_26_1.rman tag=TAG20130601T144518 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_3: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:06
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 27 at 01-JUN-13
piece handle=/tmp/system_02ob3pg1_27_1.rman tag=TAG20130601T144518 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07
Finished backup at 01-JUN-13

备份文件情况

[oracle@xifenfei tmp]$ ll -ltr system*
-rw-r----- 1 oracle dba 14761984 Jun  1 14:45 system_02ob3pg1_1_1.rman
-rw-r----- 1 oracle dba  9535488 Jun  1 14:45 system_02ob3pg1_2_1.rman
-rw-r----- 1 oracle dba 16973824 Jun  1 14:45 system_02ob3pg1_4_1.rman
-rw-r----- 1 oracle dba 18284544 Jun  1 14:45 system_02ob3pg1_3_1.rman
-rw-r----- 1 oracle dba 12804096 Jun  1 14:45 system_02ob3pg1_5_1.rman
-rw-r----- 1 oracle dba 29163520 Jun  1 14:45 system_02ob3pg1_6_1.rman
-rw-r----- 1 oracle dba 31326208 Jun  1 14:46 system_02ob3pg1_7_1.rman
-rw-r----- 1 oracle dba 30851072 Jun  1 14:46 system_02ob3pg1_8_1.rman
-rw-r----- 1 oracle dba 30801920 Jun  1 14:46 system_02ob3pg1_9_1.rman
-rw-r----- 1 oracle dba 23977984 Jun  1 14:46 system_02ob3pg1_11_1.rman
-rw-r----- 1 oracle dba 28508160 Jun  1 14:46 system_02ob3pg1_10_1.rman
-rw-r----- 1 oracle dba 30277632 Jun  1 14:46 system_02ob3pg1_12_1.rman
-rw-r----- 1 oracle dba 31498240 Jun  1 14:46 system_02ob3pg1_13_1.rman
-rw-r----- 1 oracle dba 31498240 Jun  1 14:47 system_02ob3pg1_14_1.rman
-rw-r----- 1 oracle dba 31498240 Jun  1 14:47 system_02ob3pg1_15_1.rman
-rw-r----- 1 oracle dba 30507008 Jun  1 14:47 system_02ob3pg1_17_1.rman
-rw-r----- 1 oracle dba 30834688 Jun  1 14:47 system_02ob3pg1_16_1.rman
-rw-r----- 1 oracle dba 31498240 Jun  1 14:47 system_02ob3pg1_18_1.rman
-rw-r----- 1 oracle dba 30244864 Jun  1 14:47 system_02ob3pg1_19_1.rman
-rw-r----- 1 oracle dba 29016064 Jun  1 14:47 system_02ob3pg1_20_1.rman
-rw-r----- 1 oracle dba 29212672 Jun  1 14:47 system_02ob3pg1_21_1.rman
-rw-r----- 1 oracle dba 30728192 Jun  1 14:47 system_02ob3pg1_22_1.rman
-rw-r----- 1 oracle dba 29384704 Jun  1 14:47 system_02ob3pg1_23_1.rman
-rw-r----- 1 oracle dba 26566656 Jun  1 14:47 system_02ob3pg1_24_1.rman
-rw-r----- 1 oracle dba 24928256 Jun  1 14:48 system_02ob3pg1_25_1.rman
-rw-r----- 1 oracle dba 19324928 Jun  1 14:48 system_02ob3pg1_26_1.rman
-rw-r----- 1 oracle dba  6291456 Jun  1 14:48 system_02ob3pg1_27_1.rman

在12C之前的版本，ORACLE 11GR2只是对于全备的备份集备份(非增量,非copy备份方式)方式支持数据文件分割备份功能,对于11.2之前的版本均不支持该功能.在12C中rman可以支持对于全备,增量备份,copy备份全部支持分割数据文件备份(CONTROLFILE,SPFILE不支持)

root 用户操作 ORACLE 数据库导致悲剧

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接到同事请求,说客户的linux redhat 5.8平台部署的11.2.0.3 RAC 节点2挂掉了,报磁盘IO异常,数据库hang住

Fri Jun 14 12:01:22 2013
Thread 2 advanced to log sequence 369 (LGWR switch)
  Current log# 49 seq# 369 mem# 0: +DATA/q9db/onlinelog/group_49.861.817830099
Fri Jun 14 12:01:22 2013
Archived Log entry 89300 added for thread 2 sequence 368 ID 0x35324053 dest 1:
Fri Jun 14 14:26:18 2013
Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/q9db/q9db2/trace/q9db2_ora_11788.trc:
ORA-15025: could not open disk "/dev/mapper/q9datalun2"
ORA-27041: unable to open file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 13: Permission denied
Additional information: 3
Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/q9db/q9db2/trace/q9db2_ora_11788.trc:
ORA-15025: could not open disk "/dev/mapper/q9datalun2"
ORA-27041: unable to open file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 13: Permission denied
Additional information: 3
WARNING: failed to read mirror side 1 of virtual extent 441 logical extent 0 of file 625 
  in group [2.3857217523] from disk DATA_0001
  allocation unit 377890 reason error; if possible, will try another mirror side
Fri Jun 14 14:31:17 2013
Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/q9db/q9db2/trace/q9db2_ora_13767.trc:
ORA-15025: could not open disk "/dev/mapper/q9datalun2"
ORA-27041: unable to open file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 13: Permission denied
Additional information: 3
Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/q9db/q9db2/trace/q9db2_ora_13767.trc:
ORA-15025: could not open disk "/dev/mapper/q9datalun2"
ORA-27041: unable to open file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 13: Permission denied
Additional information: 3
WARNING: failed to read mirror side 1 of virtual extent 441 logical extent 0 of file 625 
  in group [2.3857217523] from disk DATA_0001
  allocation unit 377890 reason error; if possible, will try another mirror side

在12点钟数据库运行正常,无任何错误,突然到了14多出现ORA-15025/ORA-27041,并且重启ORACLE 数据库恢复正常。该错误很明显是数据库无权限访问ASM DISK,检查ASM实例日志

Thu Jun 13 19:01:21 2013
ASMB started with pid=25, OS id=25066 
Thu Jun 13 19:01:22 2013
NOTE: client +ASM2:+ASM registered, osid 25068, mbr 0x0
WARNING: failed to online diskgroup resource ora.DATA.dg (unable to communicate with CRSD/OHASD)
Thu Jun 13 19:01:24 2013
WARNING: failed to online diskgroup resource ora.OCR_VOTE.dg (unable to communicate with CRSD/OHASD)
Thu Jun 13 19:01:57 2013
NOTE: client q9db2:q9db registered, osid 25732, mbr 0x1
Thu Jun 13 19:02:31 2013
ALTER SYSTEM SET local_listener=' (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS_LIST=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=10.8.8.33)
 (PORT=1521))))' SCOPE=MEMORY SID='+ASM2';
Fri Jun 14 14:53:09 2013
SQL> ALTER DISKGROUP OCR_VOTE DISMOUNT  /* asm agent *//* {2:61929:97} */ 
Fri Jun 14 14:53:10 2013
SQL> ALTER DISKGROUP ARCH DISMOUNT  /* asm agent *//* {2:61929:97} */ 
Fri Jun 14 14:53:10 2013
SQL> ALTER DISKGROUP DATA DISMOUNT  /* asm agent *//* {2:61929:97} */

这里可以明显的看到,ASM实例在该时间点无任何错误,证明一切运行正常,查看系统日志，在该故障点,message中无任何记录,查看asm disk权限

[oracle@q9db02 trace]$ ll /dev/mapper/
total 0
crw------- 1 root root    10, 60 Jun  9 11:08 control
brw-rw---- 1 grid asmdba 253, 15 Jun 14 16:20 q9datalun1
brw-rw---- 1 grid asmdba 253, 16 Jun 14 16:20 q9datalun2
brw-rw---- 1 grid asmdba 253, 17 Jun 14 16:20 q9datalun3
brw-rw---- 1 grid asmdba 253, 18 Jun 14 16:19 q9datalun4
brw-rw---- 1 grid asmdba 253, 19 Jun 14 16:20 q9datalun5
brw-rw---- 1 grid asmdba 253, 20 Jun 14 16:20 q9datalun6
brw-rw---- 1 grid asmdba 253, 21 Jun 14 16:19 q9datalun7
brw-rw---- 1 grid asmdba 253,  4 Jun 14 16:20 q9datalun8
brw-rw---- 1 grid asmdba 253,  5 Jun 14 16:20 q9votelun1

所有文件权限没有任何问题,和当初部署之时完全相同而且运行了一段时间都正常,部署之时权限

[oracle@q9db02 trace]$ more /etc/rc.local
chown grid:asmdba /dev/mapper/q9votelun1
chmod 660 /dev/mapper/q9votelun1
chown grid:asmdba /dev/mapper/q9datalun1
chmod 660 /dev/mapper/q9datalun1
chown grid:asmdba /dev/mapper/q9datalun2
chmod 660 /dev/mapper/q9datalun2
chown grid:asmdba /dev/mapper/q9datalun3
chmod 660 /dev/mapper/q9datalun3
chown grid:asmdba /dev/mapper/q9datalun4
chmod 660 /dev/mapper/q9datalun4
chown grid:asmdba /dev/mapper/q9datalun5
chmod 660 /dev/mapper/q9datalun5
chown grid:asmdba /dev/mapper/q9datalun6
chmod 660 /dev/mapper/q9datalun6
chown grid:asmdba /dev/mapper/q9datalun7
chmod 660 /dev/mapper/q9datalun7
chown grid:asmdba /dev/mapper/q9datalun8
chmod 660 /dev/mapper/q9datalun8
chown grid:asmdba /dev/mapper/q9datalun8
chmod 660 /dev/mapper/q9datalun8

因为这里权限没有任何改变,而且asm disk权限正确,系统日志无任何日志,证明该问题不是因为ASM DISK权限改变导致,那我怀疑是人做了不该做的操作,比喻临时性修改了ASM DISK权限,然后有修改回来了,或者是不正常的用户操作了数据库,而这些操作更加可能是root用户操作,分析root用户操作记录

--history部分记录
  803  su  oracle
  804  exit
  805  cd /tmp
  806  ls
  807  cd sysbench/
  808  cd bin/
  809  ls
  810  ORACLE_SID=q9db2
  811  export ORACLE_BASE
  812  export ORACLE_HOME
  813  ./sysbench --test=oltp --oltp-table-name=sysbench --oltp-table-size=1 --oracle-db=Q9DB 
       --oracle-user=sysbench --oracle-password=sysbench --db-driver=oracle  prepare
  814  syssql
  815  sqlplus system/sysbench@q9db02
  816  sqlplus system/q9db@q9db02
  817  echo $ORACLE_HOME
  818  cd $ORACLE_HOME/network/
  819  vi admin/tnsnames.ora 
  820  sqlplus system/NEWQ9DB
  821   echo $ORACLE_HOME
  822  vi ~/.bash_profile 
  823   echo $ORACLE_SID
  824  ps -ef | grep smon
  825  sqlplus system/NEWQ9DB
  826  exit

这里很明显的看到,由于SA想使用sysbench做系统基线测试,使用了root用户登录数据库并进行了相关操作,从而出现了该问题,因为ASM DISK 所有者是grid:asmdba,权限是660,root用户无法对ASM DISK进行读写操作,从而出现了上述错误。让同事协助SA重现上述操作,果然出现完全相同的错误,而且退出root session,数据库恢复正常

Fri Jun 14 15:44:24 2013
Archived Log entry 89330 added for thread 2 sequence 389 ID 0x35324053 dest 1:
Fri Jun 14 15:50:42 2013
Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/q9db/q9db2/trace/q9db2_ora_29404.trc:
ORA-15025: could not open disk "/dev/mapper/q9datalun2"
ORA-27041: unable to open file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 13: Permission denied
Additional information: 3
Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/q9db/q9db2/trace/q9db2_ora_29404.trc:
ORA-15025: could not open disk "/dev/mapper/q9datalun2"
ORA-27041: unable to open file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 13: Permission denied
Additional information: 3
WARNING: failed to read mirror side 1 of virtual extent 473 logical extent 0 of file 625 
  in group [2.3857045540] from disk DATA_0001
  allocation unit 377894 reason error; if possible, will try another mirror side
Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/q9db/q9db2/trace/q9db2_ora_29404.trc:
ORA-15025: could not open disk "/dev/mapper/q9datalun4"
ORA-27041: unable to open file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 13: Permission denied
Additional information: 3
ORA-00604: error occurred at recursive SQL level 2
ORA-01115: IO error reading block from file  (block # )
ORA-01110: data file 1: '+DATA/q9db/datafile/system.625.817825255'
ORA-15081: failed to submit an I/O operation to a disk
Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/q9db/q9db2/trace/q9db2_ora_29404.trc:
ORA-15025: could not open disk "/dev/mapper/q9datalun4"
ORA-27041: unable to open file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 13: Permission denied
Additional information: 3
ORA-00604: error occurred at recursive SQL level 2
ORA-01115: IO error reading block from file  (block # )
ORA-01110: data file 1: '+DATA/q9db/datafile/system.625.817825255'
ORA-15081: failed to submit an I/O operation to a disk
WARNING: failed to read mirror side 1 of virtual extent 652 logical extent 0 of file 625 
  in group [2.3857045540] from disk DATA_0003
  allocation unit 377939 reason error; if possible, will try another mirror side
Fri Jun 14 15:55:58 2013
Thread 2 advanced to log sequence 391 (LGWR switch)
  Current log# 41 seq# 391 mem# 0: +DATA/q9db/onlinelog/group_41.853.817830085
Fri Jun 14 15:55:58 2013
Archived Log entry 89331 added for thread 2 sequence 390 ID 0x35324053 dest 1:
Thread 2 advanced to log sequence 392 (LGWR switch)
  Current log# 42 seq# 392 mem# 0: +DATA/q9db/onlinelog/group_42.854.817830087

在ASM ORACLE RAC环境中,使用root操作oracle 数据库导致该错误,强烈建议:操作oracle数据库,请使用oracle数据库安装用户(最少也是同一个所属组用户)运行,超级用户root对于oracle来说也不是万能的