记录oracle 9i for linux安装过程中几个错误

最近因为一个测试环境需要oracle 9i,我在Oracle linux 4.8上安装,竟然遇到几个问题记录下:
1.运行runInstaller提示如下错误

[oracle@xifenfei Disk1]$ ./runInstaller 
[oracle@xifenfei Disk1]$ Initializing Java Virtual Machine from /tmp/OraInstall2012-03-04_09-32-16PM/jre/bin/java. Please wait...
Error occurred during initialization of VM
Unable to load native library: /tmp/OraInstall2012-03-04_09-32-16PM/jre/lib/i386/libjava.so: 
symbol __libc_wait, version GLIBC_2.0 not defined in file libc.so.6 with link time reference

解决方法:打上p3006854_9204_LINUX.zip补丁

[root@xifenfei tmp]$ unzip p3006854_9204_LINUX.zip 
Archive:  p3006854_9204_LINUX.zip
   creating: 3006854/
  inflating: 3006854/rhel3_pre_install.sh  
  inflating: 3006854/README.txt 
[root@xifenfei 3006854]# cd 3006854
[root@xifenfei 3006854]# chmod +x rhel3_pre_install.sh 
[root@xifenfei 3006854]# ./rhel3_pre_install.sh 
Applying patch...
Ensuring permissions are correctly set...
Done.
Patch successfully applied

2.在Linking Oracle9i到63%时入到如下错误

解决办法:在/usr/bin目录下有gcc 和 gcc32两个文件,执行 mv gcc gcc296 和 mv gcc32 gcc,完成之后,retry安装界面

[root@xifenfei tmp]# cd /usr/bin
[root@xifenfei bin]# ls gcc*
gcc  gcc32  gcc4
[root@xifenfei bin]# mv gcc gcc296
[root@xifenfei bin]# mv gcc32 gcc

3.执行netca/dbca报如下错误

[oracle@xifenfei Disk1]$ dbca
/u01/oracle/jre/1.1.8/bin/../lib/i686/green_threads/libzip.so: symbol errno, 
version GLIBC_2.0 not defined in file libc.so.6 with link time reference (libzip.so)
Unable to initialize threads: cannot find class java/lang/Thread
Could not create Java VM
[oracle@xifenfei Disk1]$ netca
/u01/oracle/jre/1.1.8/bin/../lib/i686/native_threads/libzip.so: symbol errno, 
version GLIBC_2.0 not defined in file libc.so.6 with link time reference (libzip.so)
Unable to initialize threads: cannot find class java/lang/Thread
Could not create Java VM

解决办法:在环境变量中加上LD_ASSUME_KERNEL=2.4.1

vi .bash_profile --加上下面语句
export LD_ASSUME_KERNEL=2.4.1
source ~/.bash_profile

利用oradebug释放被删除文件空间

在很多时候,检查系统时候发现,由于某个Oracle的trace文件导致磁盘空间告警,因为业务需要不能让数据库down下来。这个时候你想到的方法可能是直接删除掉这个trace文件,如果是win系统,那恭喜你这样做可以解决问题;如果是linux/unix系统,那就等着事故的发生吧。在linux/unix中,如果直接rm掉oracle进程的某个文件(该进程还存在),文件句柄不会释放,即磁盘使用空间不会释放。可以通过df命名看到磁盘的空间释放释放。下面通过对lgwr进程的一系列操作,使用oradebug来释放oracle进程句柄,从而达到释放oracle某个被删除的trace文件的磁盘空间
一、查找lgwr进程的trace文件

[oracle@localhost /]$ cd $ORACLE_BASE/admin/$ORACLE_SID/bdump
[oracle@localhost bdump]$ pwd
/opt/oracle/admin/mcrm/bdump
[oracle@localhost bdump]$ ls -l|grep lgwr
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 32133 Dec 22 21:00 mcrm_lgwr_3485.trc
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall  3713 Oct  8 07:13 mcrm_lgwr_3489.trc
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 22507 Mar  3 06:00 mcrm_lgwr_3598.trc
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall  8441 Sep 15 10:29 mcrm_lgwr_4963.trc
[oracle@localhost bdump]$ ps -ef|grep lgwr
oracle    1056 30718  0 21:10 pts/3    00:00:00 grep lgwr
oracle    3598     1  0  2011 ?        00:04:10 ora_lgwr_mcrm
[oracle@localhost bdump]$ df |grep /opt
/dev/sda6             37798668  33312588   2534988  93% /opt
[oracle@localhost bdump]$ du -s .
948     .

从这里得出几点结论:
1.当前lgwr进程的spid为:3598
2.当前lgwr进程产生的trace文件大小为:22507B
3.包含该trace文件的分区大小使用大小为:33312588KB
4.bdump目录大小为:948KB

二、删除lgwr进程对应trace文件

[oracle@localhost bdump]$ rm mcrm_lgwr_3598.trc
[oracle@localhost bdump]$ du -s .
924     .
[oracle@localhost bdump]$ df |grep /opt
/dev/sda6             37798668  33312588   2534988  93% /opt

[oracle@localhost bdump]$ ls -l /proc/3598/fd|grep lgwr   
l-wx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 Mar  3 20:54 2 -> /opt/oracle/admin/mcrm/bdump/mcrm_lgwr_3598.trc (deleted)

从这里得出结论:
1.bdump目录当前大小变为:924KB(大约等于948KB-22507B)
2.包含该trace文件的分区大小使用大小依然为:33312588KB(没有因为删除trace文件而释放空间)

三、释放被删除trace文件空间

[oracle@localhost bdump]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production on Sat Mar 3 21:12:41 2012

Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle.  All Rights Reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL> !ls -l /proc/3598/fd|grep lgwr  
l-wx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 Mar  3 20:54 2 -> /opt/oracle/admin/mcrm/bdump/mcrm_lgwr_3598.trc (deleted)

SQL>  oradebug setospid 3598
Oracle pid: 6, Unix process pid: 3598, image: oracle@localhost.localdomain (LGWR)
SQL> oradebug flush;    
Statement processed.
SQL> oradebug close_trace;
Statement processed.
SQL> !ls -l /proc/3598/fd|grep lgwr  

SQL> !df |grep /opt
/dev/sda6             37798668  33312564   2535012  93% /opt

SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

从这里可以得出结论:
1.包含该trace文件的分区大小使用大小为:33312564KB(大约等于948KB-22507B)
2./proc/spid/fd下面的句柄已经释放
3.总这里可以看出使用oradebug可以真正释放oracle进程磁盘使用空间

Getting ORA-01476 during execution of DBMS_STATS.GATHER_SCHEMA_STATS

alert日志

Fri Jan 27 22:00:09 2012
GATHER_STATS_JOB encountered errors.  Check the trace file.
Fri Jan 27 22:00:09 2012
Errors in file /oracle10/admin/ocs/bdump/ocs1_j001_29138.trc:
ORA-01476: divisor is equal to zero

trace内容

Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, OLAP, Data Mining
and Real Application Testing options
ORACLE_HOME = /oracle10/app/product/db/10.2.0
System name:    HP-UX
Node name:      ocsdb1
Release:        B.11.23
Version:        U
Machine:        ia64
Instance name: ocs1
Redo thread mounted by this instance: 1
Oracle process number: 60
Unix process pid: 29138, image: oracle@ocsdb1 (J001)

*** ACTION NAME:(GATHER_STATS_JOB) 2012-01-27 22:00:09.308
*** MODULE NAME:(DBMS_SCHEDULER) 2012-01-27 22:00:09.308
*** SERVICE NAME:(SYS$USERS) 2012-01-27 22:00:09.308
*** SESSION ID:(988.31342) 2012-01-27 22:00:09.307
ORA-01476: divisor is equal to zero
*** 2012-01-27 22:00:09.417
GATHER_STATS_JOB: GATHER_TABLE_STATS('"OCS_SM"','"HLP_SMS_SEND"','""', ...)
ORA-01476: divisor is equal to zero

错误原因
oracle unpublished Bug 5645718

解决方法
1.Setting event 38041 at level 16

sql> connect / as sysdba
sql> alter system set events '38041 trace name context forever, level 16';

2.Patch 6319761

In-Memory Database Cache 入门配置

一、Oracle数据库创建相关用户和权限
1.创建timesten用户
store information about cache grids

SQL> CREATE TABLESPACE cachetblsp DATAFILE
  2  'E:\ORACLE\ORADATA\XFF\datfttuser.dbf'
  3  SIZE 10M autoextend on next 10m maxsize 30g;

表空间已创建。

SQL> @E:\oracle\timesten\oraclescripts\initCacheGlobalSchema "cachetblsp"

Please enter the tablespace where TIMESTEN user is to be created
The value chosen for tablespace is cachetblsp

******* Creation of TIMESTEN schema and TT_CACHE_ADMIN_ROLE starts *******
1. Creating TIMESTEN schema
2. Creating TIMESTEN.TT_GRIDID table
3. Creating TIMESTEN.TT_GRIDINFO table
4. Creating TT_CACHE_ADMIN_ROLE role
5. Granting privileges to TT_CACHE_ADMIN_ROLE
** Creation of TIMESTEN schema and TT_CACHE_ADMIN_ROLE done successfully **

PL/SQL 过程已成功完成。

2.创建测试用户
the Oracle tables to be cached in a TimesTen database

SQL> create user xff identified by xifenfei;

用户已创建。

SQL> grant create session,resource to xff;

授权成功。

3.创建cache管理用户
creates and maintains Oracle objects that store information used to manage cache grids and enforce predefined behaviors of particular cache group types.

SQL> CREATE USER cacheuser IDENTIFIED BY oracle
  2  DEFAULT TABLESPACE cachetblsp QUOTA UNLIMITED ON cachetblsp;

用户已创建。

SQL>  @grantCacheAdminPrivileges "cacheuser"

Please enter the administrator user id
The value chosen for administrator user id is cacheuser

***************** Initialization for cache admin begins ******************
0. Granting the CREATE SESSION privilege to CACHEUSER
1. Granting the TT_CACHE_ADMIN_ROLE to CACHEUSER
2. Granting the DBMS_LOCK package privilege to CACHEUSER
3. Granting the RESOURCE  privilege to CACHEUSER
4. Granting the CREATE PROCEDURE  privilege to CACHEUSER
5. Granting the CREATE ANY TRIGGER  privilege to CACHEUSER
6. Granting the DBMS_LOB package privilege to CACHEUSER
7. Granting the SELECT on SYS.ALL_OBJECTS privilege to CACHEUSER
8. Granting the SELECT on SYS.ALL_SYNONYMS privilege to CACHEUSER
9. Checking if the cache administrator user has permissions on the default
tablespace
     Permission exists
11. Granting the CREATE ANY TYPE privilege to CACHEUSER
********* Initialization for cache admin user done successfully *********

二、TimesTen创建相关用户
1.cache管理用户
A cache manager user performs cache grid and cache group operations. The TimesTen cache manager user must have the same name as an Oracle user that can access the cached Oracle tables.

Command>  CREATE USER cacheuser IDENTIFIED BY timesten;

User created.

Command> GRANT CREATE SESSION, CACHE_MANAGER, CREATE ANY TABLE TO cacheuser;

2.cache对应用户
You must create a TimesTen cache table user with the same name as an Oracle schema user for each schema user who owns or will own Oracle tables to be cached in the TimesTen database

Command> create user xff identified by timesten;

User created.

三、配置DSN

Data Store Path + Name: E:\oracle\timesten\mytt_db\data
Permanent Data Size: 64
Oracle Net Service Name: XFF
Database Character Set: ZHS16GBK

四、在TT中设置cache管理用户名和密码

ttIsql "DSN=my_ttdb;UID=cacheuser;PWD=timesten;OraclePWD=oracle"
Command> call ttCacheUidPwdSet('cacheuser','oracle');
Warning  5183: Function kollglid2 was not in the library. The function will not
be called.
Warning  5183: Function kollgsnp2 was not in the library. The function will not
be called.
Warning  5186: The OCI client library in use does not contain required routines
to support caching LOBS from Oracle.

--第一次调用相关函数因为没有编译出错,再次调用即可
Command> call ttCacheUidPwdSet('cacheuser','oracle');

五、创建测试表(Oracle db中)

SQL>  CREATE TABLE readtab (keyval NUMBER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, str VARCHAR2(32));

表已创建。

SQL> CREATE TABLE writetab (pk NUMBER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, attr VARCHAR2(40));

表已创建。

SQL> INSERT INTO readtab VALUES (1, 'Hello');

已创建 1 行。

SQL> INSERT INTO readtab VALUES (2, 'World');

已创建 1 行。

SQL> INSERT INTO writetab VALUES (100, 'XIFENFEI');

已创建 1 行。

SQL> INSERT INTO writetab VALUES (101, 'WWW.XIFENFEI.COM');

已创建 1 行。

SQL> COMMIT;

提交完成。

SQL> GRANT SELECT ON readtab TO cacheuser;

授权成功。

SQL> GRANT SELECT ON writetab TO cacheuser;

授权成功。

SQL> GRANT INSERT ON writetab TO cacheuser;

授权成功。

SQL> GRANT UPDATE ON writetab TO cacheuser;

授权成功。

SQL>  GRANT DELETE ON writetab TO cacheuser;

授权成功。

六、TimesTen相关配置
1.创建cache grid

Command> call ttGridCreate('myGrid');
Command>  call ttGridNameSet('myGrid');

2.Start the cache agent

Command> call ttCacheStart;

3.创建cache group

Command> call ttCacheStart;
Command> CREATE READONLY CACHE GROUP readcache
       > AUTOREFRESH INTERVAL 5 SECONDS
       > FROM XFF.readtab
       > (keyval NUMBER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, str VARCHAR2(32));
Command> CREATE DYNAMIC ASYNCHRONOUS WRITETHROUGH  CACHE GROUP writecache
       > FROM XFF.writetab
       > (pk NUMBER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, attr VARCHAR2(40));

Command> cachegroups;

Cache Group CACHEUSER.READCACHE:

  Cache Group Type: Read Only
  Autorefresh: Yes
  Autorefresh Mode: Incremental
  Autorefresh State: Paused
  Autorefresh Interval: 5 Seconds
  Autorefresh Status: ok
  Aging: No aging defined

  Root Table: XFF.READTAB
  Table Type: Read Only

Cache Group CACHEUSER.WRITECACHE:

  Cache Group Type: Asynchronous Writethrough (Dynamic)
  Autorefresh: No
  Aging: LRU on

  Root Table: XFF.WRITETAB
  Table Type: Propagate

2 cache groups found.

4.Start the replication agent for the AWT cache group

Command> call ttRepStart;

5.Manually load the cache group

Command>  LOAD CACHE GROUP readcache COMMIT EVERY 256 ROWS;
2 cache instances affected.
Command> LOAD CACHE GROUP writecache COMMIT EVERY 256 ROWS;
2 cache instances affected.

七、TT授权
主要是为了直接在cacheuser中操作方便,无其他应意义

ttisql my_ttdb
Command> GRANT SELECT ON xff.readtab TO cacheuser;
Command> GRANT SELECT ON xff.writetab TO cacheuser;
Command> GRANT UPDATE ON xff.writetab TO cacheuser;
Command> GRANT DELETE ON xff.writetab TO cacheuser;
Command> GRANT INSERT ON xff.writetab TO cacheuser;

八、相关测试
1.测试READTAB表

Command> SELECT * FROM XFF.READTAB;
< 1, Hello >
< 2, World >
2 rows found.

SQL> INSERT INTO readtab VALUES (3, 'Welcome');

已创建 1 行。

SQL> commit;

提交完成。

Command> SELECT * FROM XFF.READTAB;
< 1, Hello >
< 2, World >
< 3, Welcome >
3 rows found.

SQL> update readtab set str='www.xifenfei';

已更新3行。

SQL> commit;

提交完成。

Command> SELECT * FROM XFF.READTAB;
< 1, www.xifenfei >
< 2, www.xifenfei >
< 3, www.xifenfei >
3 rows found.

SQL> delete from readtab where keyval=3;

已删除 1 行。

SQL> commit;

提交完成。

Command> SELECT * FROM XFF.READTAB;
< 1, www.xifenfei >
< 2, www.xifenfei >
2 rows found.

2.测试WRITETAB表

Command> SELECT * FROM XFF.writeTAB;
< 100, XIFENFEI >
< 101, WWW.XIFENFEI.COM >
2 rows found.
Command> update xff.writetab set attr='www.orasos.com' where pk=100;
1 row updated.
Command> commit;

SQL> select * from writetab;

        PK ATTR
---------- ----------------------------------------
       100 www.orasos.com
       101 WWW.XIFENFEI.COM

Command> insert into xff.writetab values(102,'xifenfei');
1 row inserted.
Command> commit;

SQL> select * from writetab;

        PK ATTR
---------- --------------------------------
       102 xifenfei
       100 www.orasos.com
       101 WWW.XIFENFEI.COM

相关文档

通过sql查询rman备份信息

查看所有备份集

    SELECT A.RECID "BACKUP SET",
         A.SET_STAMP,
         DECODE (B.INCREMENTAL_LEVEL,
                 '', DECODE (BACKUP_TYPE, 'L', 'Archivelog', 'Full'),
                 1, 'Incr-1级',
                 0, 'Incr-0级',
                 B.INCREMENTAL_LEVEL)
            "Type LV",
         B.CONTROLFILE_INCLUDED "包含CTL",
         DECODE (A.STATUS,
                 'A', 'AVAILABLE',
                 'D', 'DELETED',
                 'X', 'EXPIRED',
                 'ERROR')
            "STATUS",
         A.DEVICE_TYPE "Device Type",
         A.START_TIME "Start Time",
         A.COMPLETION_TIME "Completion Time",
         A.ELAPSED_SECONDS "Elapsed Seconds",
         --a.BYTES/1024/1024/1024 "大小(G)",
         --a.COMPRESSED,
         A.TAG "Tag",
         A.HANDLE "Path"
    FROM GV$BACKUP_PIECE A, GV$BACKUP_SET B
   WHERE A.SET_STAMP = B.SET_STAMP AND A.DELETED = 'NO'
ORDER BY A.COMPLETION_TIME DESC;

查找某个备份集中包含数据文件

SELECT distinct c.file#,A.SET_STAMP, D.NAME, C.CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#, C.CHECKPOINT_TIME
  FROM V$BACKUP_DATAFILE C, V$BACKUP_PIECE A, V$DATAFILE D
 WHERE A.SET_STAMP = C.SET_STAMP
AND D.FILE# = C.FILE#
AND A.DELETED='NO'
AND c.set_stamp=&set_stamp
ORDER BY C.FILE#;

查询某个备份集中控制文件

SELECT DISTINCT A.SET_STAMP,
                D.NAME,
                C.CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#,
                C.CHECKPOINT_TIME
  FROM V$BACKUP_DATAFILE C, V$BACKUP_PIECE A, V$CONTROLFILE D
 WHERE A.SET_STAMP = C.SET_STAMP
   AND C.FILE# = 0
   AND A.DELETED = 'NO'
   AND C.SET_STAMP = &SET_STAMP;

查看某个备份集中归档日志

SELECT DISTINCT B.SET_STAMP,
                B.THREAD#,
                B.SEQUENCE#,
                B.FIRST_TIME,
                B.FIRST_CHANGE#,
                B.NEXT_TIME,
                B.NEXT_CHANGE#
  FROM V$BACKUP_REDOLOG B, V$BACKUP_PIECE A
 WHERE A.SET_STAMP = B.SET_STAMP
   AND A.DELETED = 'NO'
   AND B.SET_STAMP = &SET_STAMP
 ORDER BY THREAD#, SEQUENCE#;

查看某个备份集SPFILE

SELECT DISTINCT A.SET_STAMP, B.COMPLETION_TIME, HANDLE
  FROM V$BACKUP_SPFILE B, V$BACKUP_PIECE A
 WHERE A.SET_STAMP = B.SET_STAMP
   AND A.DELETED = 'NO'
   AND B.SET_STAMP = &SET_STAMP;

rman配置信息

SELECT NAME,VALUE FROM V$RMAN_CONFIGURATION;