CON$ ORA-600 kdsgrp1

数据库报ORA 600 kdsgrp1错误
数据库报ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [kdsgrp1], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []错

Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 23861 (LGWR switch)
  Current log# 7 seq# 23861 mem# 0: /oradata/easdb/redo07.log
Tue Nov 15 10:00:42 2016
Errors in file /u01/oracle/diag/rdbms/easdb/easdb/trace/easdb_dw00_3165.trc  (incident=908262):
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [kdsgrp1], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []
Incident details in: /u01/oracle/diag/rdbms/easdb/easdb/incident/incdir_908262/easdb_dw00_3165_i908262.trc
Tue Nov 15 10:00:55 2016
Use ADRCI or Support Workbench to package the incident.
See Note 411.1 at My Oracle Support for error and packaging details.
Tue Nov 15 10:00:56 2016
Errors in file /u01/oracle/diag/rdbms/easdb/easdb/trace/easdb_dw00_3165.trc  (incident=908263):
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [kdsgrp1], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []
ORA-06512: at "SYS.KUPW$WORKER", line 1751
ORA-06512: at line 2
Incident details in: /u01/oracle/diag/rdbms/easdb/easdb/incident/incdir_908263/easdb_dw00_3165_i908263.trc
Use ADRCI or Support Workbench to package the incident.
See Note 411.1 at My Oracle Support for error and packaging details.
DW00 terminating with fatal err=600, pid=40, wid=1, job SYSTEM.
Tue Nov 15 10:01:01 2016
Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 23862 (LGWR switch)
  Current log# 2 seq# 23862 mem# 0: /oradata/easdb/redo02.log
Tue Nov 15 10:01:23 2016
Errors in file /u01/oracle/diag/rdbms/easdb/easdb/trace/easdb_dm00_3163.trc  (incident=908254):
ORA-31671: Worker process DW00 had an unhandled exception.
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [kdsgrp1], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []
ORA-06512: at "SYS.KUPW$WORKER", line 1751
ORA-06512: at line 2
Incident details in: /u01/oracle/diag/rdbms/easdb/easdb/incident/incdir_908254/easdb_dm00_3163_i908254.trc
Use ADRCI or Support Workbench to package the incident.
See Note 411.1 at My Oracle Support for error and packaging details.
Tue Nov 15 10:01:26 2016
Tue Nov 15 10:01:28 2016
Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 23863 (LGWR switch)
  Current log# 4 seq# 23863 mem# 0: /oradata/easdb/redo04.log

trace文件中信息

*** 2016-11-15 10:00:35.977
* kdsgrp1-1: *************************************************
            row 0x004459e6.26 continuation at
            0x004459e6.26 file# 1 block# 285158 slot 38 not found
KDSTABN_GET: 0 ..... ntab: 1
curSlot: 38 ..... nrows: 208
kdsgrp - dump CR block dba=0x004459e6
Block header dump:  0x004459e6
 Object id on Block? Y
 seg/obj: 0x1c  csc: 0x01.c712f743  itc: 3  flg: -  typ: 1 - DATA
     fsl: 0  fnx: 0x0 ver: 0x01

 Itl           Xid                  Uba         Flag  Lck        Scn/Fsc
0x01   0x000b.015.0036d715  0x00c01bba.0fbd.02  C---    0  scn 0x0001.c6b4cb1a
0x02   0x000c.004.00044d36  0x04c0dd93.3eec.33  C---    0  scn 0x0001.c6d2c65b
0x03   0x000d.008.00008eb9  0x04c0777a.10e3.02  --U-    2  fsc 0x0056.c7346f21

确定报错对象和确认异常

SQL> select object_name from dba_objects where object_id=28;

OBJECT_NAME
---------------------------------------------------------
CON$

SQL> ANALYZE TABLE sys.CON$ VALIDATE STRUCTURE CASCADE online;
ANALYZE TABLE sys.CON$ VALIDATE STRUCTURE CASCADE online
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01499: table/index cross reference failure - see trace file


SQL> SET LINES 122
SQL> COL INDEX_OWNER FOR A20
SQL> COL INDEX_NAME FOR A30
SQL> COL TABLE_OWNER FOR A20
SQL> COL COLUMN_NAME FOR A25
SQL> SELECT TABLE_OWNER,INDEX_NAME,COLUMN_NAME,COLUMN_POSITION
2  FROM Dba_Ind_Columns
3  WHERE table_name = upper('&TABLE_NAME') order by TABLE_OWNER,INDEX_OWNER,INDEX_NAME,COLUMN_POSITION;
Enter value for table_name: CON$
old   3:  WHERE table_name = upper('&TABLE_NAME') order by TABLE_OWNER,INDEX_OWNER,INDEX_NAME,COLUMN_POSITION
new   3:  WHERE table_name = upper('CON$') order by TABLE_OWNER,INDEX_OWNER,INDEX_NAME,COLUMN_POSITION

TABLE_OWNER	     INDEX_NAME 		    COLUMN_NAME 	      COLUMN_POSITION
-------------------- ------------------------------ ------------------------- ---------------
SYS		     I_CON1			    OWNER#				    1
SYS		     I_CON1			    NAME				    2
SYS		     I_CON2			    CON#				    1


SQL> select owner#,name from con$
2    minus
3   select /*+ full(t) */owner#,name from con$ t;

no rows selected

SQL> select /*+ full(t) */owner#,name from con$ t
2    minus
3   select owner#,name from con$  ;

no rows selected

SQL> select /*+ full(t) */ con# from con$ t
2    minus
3   select con# from con$ ;

no rows selected

SQL> select con# from con$
2    minus
3   select /*+ full(t) */ con# from con$ t   ;

      CON#
----------
   1037224
   1037225
   1037386
   1037387
   1037388
   ……
   1037846

62 rows selected.

通过上述分析,可以确定是由于CON$和I_CON2数据不一致,而且是index的数据比表中多了62条.针对这样情况,考虑通过重建index来解决.

尝试rebuild index

SQL> alter index I_CON2 rebuild online;
alter index I_CON2 rebuild online
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00701: object necessary for warmstarting database cannot be altered


SQL>   
SQL> 
SQL> 
SQL> 
SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup upgrade
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 2421825536 bytes
Fixed Size                  2215744 bytes
Variable Size            1828716736 bytes
Database Buffers          570425344 bytes
Redo Buffers               20467712 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> alter index I_CON2 rebuild;                  
alter index I_CON2 rebuild
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00701: object necessary for warmstarting database cannot be altered

因为是数据库核心index,无法直接rebuild解决,只能通过bootstrap$核心index(I_OBJ1,I_USER1,I_FILE#_BLOCK#,I_IND1,I_TS#,I_CDEF1等)异常恢复—ORA-00701错误解决 方式解决

ORA-600 kcrfr_update_nab_2

由于控制器掉线导致数据库启动报ORA-600 kcrfr_update_nab_2错误,导致无法正常open
数据库版本信息

ORACLE V10.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production vsnsta=0
vsnsql=14 vsnxtr=3
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
Windows Server 2003 Version V5.2 Service Pack 2
CPU                 : 12 - type 8664, 2 Physical Cores
Process Affinity    : 0x0000000000000000
Memory (Avail/Total): Ph:22579M/32754M, Ph+PgF:24594M/33845M

ORA-600 kcrfr_update_nab_2报错

Mon Oct 24 17:42:57 2016
Database mounted in Exclusive Mode
Completed: ALTER DATABASE   MOUNT
Mon Oct 24 17:42:58 2016
ALTER DATABASE OPEN
Mon Oct 24 17:43:14 2016
Beginning crash recovery of 1 threads
 parallel recovery started with 11 processes
Mon Oct 24 17:43:14 2016
Started redo scan
Mon Oct 24 17:43:16 2016
Errors in file d:\oracle\product\10.2.0\admin\spcsjkdb\udump\spcsjkdb_ora_10108.trc:
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [kcrfr_update_nab_2], [0x7FFC22A2150], [2], [], [], [], [], []

Mon Oct 24 17:43:18 2016
Aborting crash recovery due to error 600
Mon Oct 24 17:43:18 2016
Errors in file d:\oracle\product\10.2.0\admin\spcsjkdb\udump\spcsjkdb_ora_10108.trc:
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [kcrfr_update_nab_2], [0x7FFC22A2150], [2], [], [], [], [], []

ORA-600 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE OPEN...

trace文件信息

*** 2016-10-24 17:43:14.515
*** ACTION NAME:() 2016-10-24 17:43:14.515
*** MODULE NAME:(sqlplus.exe) 2016-10-24 17:43:14.515
*** SERVICE NAME:() 2016-10-24 17:43:14.515
*** SESSION ID:(356.3) 2016-10-24 17:43:14.515
Successfully allocated 11 recovery slaves
Using 101 overflow buffers per recovery slave
Thread 1 checkpoint: logseq 33251, block 2, scn 14624215134369
  cache-low rba: logseq 33251, block 2463324
    on-disk rba: logseq 33251, block 2803965, scn 14624216078841
  start recovery at logseq 33251, block 2463324, scn 0
*** 2016-10-24 17:43:16.406
ksedmp: internal or fatal error
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [kcrfr_update_nab_2], [0x7FFC22A2150], [2], [], [], [], [], []
Current SQL statement for this session:
ALTER DATABASE OPEN
----- Call Stack Trace -----
calling              call     entry                argument values in hex      
location             type     point                (? means dubious value)     
-------------------- -------- -------------------- ----------------------------
ksedmp+663           CALL???  ksedst+55            003C878B8 000000000 012B863E8
                                                   000000000
ksfdmp+19            CALL???  ksedmp+663           000000003 015572A70 007222698
                                                   003CACC80
kgerinv+158          CALL???  ksfdmp+19            015572430 000000000 0FFFFFFFF
                                                   000000000
kgeasnmierr+62       CALL???  kgerinv+158          000000000 000000000 000000000
                                                   004FD788F
kcrfr_update_nab+18  CALL???  kgeasnmierr+62       00BDA1170 000000000 000000000
6                                                  000000002
kcrfr_read+1078      CALL???  kcrfr_update_nab+18  007222698 00001E650 015572430
                              6                    0072229B8
kcrfrgv+8134         CALL???  kcrfr_read+1078      000000000 0051525D7 000000000
                                                   0051525D7
kcratr1+488          CALL???  kcrfrgv+8134         007222698 000000000 000000000
                                                   000000000
kcratr+412           CALL???  kcratr1+488          012B891C8 012B890A4 00727FFB8
                                                   00BEA7FF0
kctrec+1910          CALL???  kcratr+412           012B891C8 012B91E18 000000000
                                                   012B91E48
kcvcrv+3585          CALL???  kctrec+1910          012B92C58 000000000 00726DF00
                                                   00726BDB0
kcfopd+1007          CALL???  kcvcrv+3585          012B93350 000000000 000000000
                                                   000000000
adbdrv+55820         CALL???  kcfopd+1007          000000000 000000000 000000000
                                                   000000000
opiexe+13897         CALL???  adbdrv+55820         000000023 000000003 000000102
                                                   000000000
opiosq0+3558         CALL???  opiexe+13897         000000004 000000000 012B9B238
                                                   4155474E414C5F45
kpooprx+339          CALL???  opiosq0+3558         000000003 00000000E 012B9B3C8
                                                   0000000A4
kpoal8+894           CALL???  kpooprx+339          015587550 000000018 0041AE700
                                                   000000001
opiodr+1136          CALL???  kpoal8+894           00000005E 000000017 012B9E868
                                                   0072F5100
ttcpip+5146          CALL???  opiodr+1136          00000005E 000000017 012B9E868
                                                   2D8C00000000
opitsk+1818          CALL???  ttcpip+5146          015587550 000000000 000000000
                                                   000000000
opiino+1129          CALL???  opitsk+1818          00000001E 000000000 000000000
                                                   000000000
opiodr+1136          CALL???  opiino+1129          00000003C 000000004 012B9FB20
                                                   000000000
opidrv+815           CALL???  opiodr+1136          00000003C 000000004 012B9FB20
                                                   000000000
sou2o+52             CALL???  opidrv+815           00000003C 000000004 012B9FB20
                                                   7FF7FC48580
opimai_real+131      CALL???  sou2o+52             000000000 012B9FC40
                                                   7FFFFF7F258 077EF4D1C
opimai+96            CALL???  opimai_real+131      7FF7FC48580 7FFFFF7E000
                                                   0001F0003 000000000
OracleThreadStart+6  CALL???  opimai+96            012B9FEF0 01289FF3C 012B9FCC0
40                                                 7FF7FC48580
0000000077D6B6DA     CALL???  OracleThreadStart+6  01289FF3C 000000000 000000000
                              40                   012B9FFA8

官方描述
The assert ORA-600: [kcrfr_update_nab_2] is a direct result of a lost write in the current on line log that we are attempting to resolve.So, this confirms the theory that this is a OS/hardware lost write issue not an internal oracle bug. In fact the assert ORA-600: [kcrfr_update_nab_2] is how we detect a lost log write.
Bug 5692594
Hdr: 5692594 10.2.0.1 RDBMS 10.2.0.1 RECOVERY PRODID-5 PORTID-226 ORA-600
Abstract: AFTER DATABASE CRASHED DOESN’T OPEN ORA-600 [KCRFR_UPDATE_NAB_2]
Status: 95,Closed, Vendor OS Problem

Bug 6655116
Hdr: 6655116 10.2.0.3 RDBMS 10.2.0.3 RECOVERY PRODID-5 PORTID-23
Abstract: INSTANCES CRASH WITH ORA-600 [KCRFR_UPDATE_NAB_2] AFTER DISK FAILURE
根据官方的描述,结合故障情况,基本上可以确定是由于硬件异常导致Oracle写丢失,从而除非oracle相关bug导致数据库无法正常启动

ORA-600 [kcrfr_update_nab_2] [a] [b]


VERSIONS:
versions 10.2 to 11.1

DESCRIPTION:

Failure of upgrade of recovery node (RN) enqueue to SSX mode

ARGUMENTS:
Arg [a] State Object for redo nab enqueue for resilvering
Arg [b] Redo nab enqueue mode

FUNCTIONALITY:
Kernel Cache Redo File Read

IMPACT:

INSTANCE FAILURE

处理方法
1.如果有备份,利用备份进行不完全恢复,跳过最后异常的redo,数据库resetlogs打开
2.如果没有备份,尝试使用历史的控制文件进行不完全恢复,或者直接跳过数据库一致性打开库.
3.互联网有人解决删除redo第二组成员数据库open成功(http://blog.itpub.net/16976507/viewspace-1266952/)
redo


ORA-20011 KUP-11024

数据库alert日志出现ORA-20011 KUP-11024等错误

Thu Sep 22 18:00:31 2016
DBMS_STATS: GATHER_STATS_JOB encountered errors.  Check the trace file.
Errors in file /u1/oracle/diag/rdbms/xifenfei/xifenfei/trace/xifenfei_j002_2686.trc:
ORA-20011: Approximate NDV failed: ORA-29913: error in executing ODCIEXTTABLEOPEN callout
KUP-11024: This external table can only be accessed from within a Data Pump job.

从报错的信息看应该是数据库收集统计信息报错(GATHER_STATS_JOB),但是报错原因是由于访问外部表导致,而该外部表很可能和data pump有关系.

查看trace日志

[oracle@xifenfei]$ more /u1/oracle/diag/rdbms/xifenfei/xifenfei/trace/xifenfei_j002_2686.trc
Trace file /u1/oracle/diag/rdbms/xifenfei/xifenfei/trace/xifenfei_j002_2686.trc
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
ORACLE_HOME = /u1/oracle/pruduct/11.2.0.3
System name:    Linux
Node name:      xifenfei
Release:        2.6.32-220.el6.x86_64
Version:        #1 SMP Wed Nov 9 08:03:13 EST 2011
Machine:        x86_64
Instance name: xifenfei
Redo thread mounted by this instance: 1
Oracle process number: 356
Unix process pid: 2686, image: oracle@xifenfei (J002)


*** 2016-09-22 18:00:31.939
*** SESSION ID:(835.16363) 2016-09-22 18:00:31.939
*** CLIENT ID:() 2016-09-22 18:00:31.939
*** SERVICE NAME:(SYS$USERS) 2016-09-22 18:00:31.939
*** MODULE NAME:(DBMS_SCHEDULER) 2016-09-22 18:00:31.939
*** ACTION NAME:(ORA$AT_OS_OPT_SY_10669) 2016-09-22 18:00:31.939
 
ORA-20011: Approximate NDV failed: ORA-29913: error in executing ODCIEXTTABLEOPEN callout
KUP-11024: This external table can only be accessed from within a Data Pump job.

*** 2016-09-22 18:00:31.939
DBMS_STATS: GATHER_STATS_JOB: GATHER_TABLE_STATS('"DWDBA"','"ET$012D00070001"','""', ...)
DBMS_STATS: ORA-20011: Approximate NDV failed: ORA-29913: error in executing ODCIEXTTABLEOPEN callout
KUP-11024: This external table can only be accessed from within a Data Pump job.

*** 2016-09-22 18:00:31.960
DBMS_STATS: GATHER_STATS_JOB: GATHER_TABLE_STATS('"DWDBA"','"ET$01D10D4F0001"','""', ...)
DBMS_STATS: ORA-20011: Approximate NDV failed: ORA-29913: error in executing ODCIEXTTABLEOPEN callout
KUP-11024: This external table can only be accessed from within a Data Pump job.

通过trace文件,我们已经可以明确是由于数据库对DWDBA.ET$012D00070001和DWDBA.ET$01D10D4F0001这两个表收集统计信息时候报的上述alert日志中看到的错误.

查询数据库记录

SYS@xifenfei>select OWNER,OBJECT_NAME,OBJECT_TYPE, status,
  2  to_char(CREATED,'dd-mon-yyyy hh24:mi:ss') created
  3  ,to_char(LAST_DDL_TIME , 'dd-mon-yyyy hh24:mi:ss') last_ddl_time
  4  from dba_objects
  5  where object_name like 'ET$%'
  6  /

OWNER     OBJECT_NAME      OBJECT_TYPE  STATUS  CREATED               LAST_DDL_TIME
--------- ---------------- ------------ ------- ------------------------- ----------------
DWDBA     ET$012D00070001  TABLE        VALID   10-mar-2016 16:32:25  10-mar-2016 16:32:25
DWDBA     ET$01D10D4F0001  TABLE        VALID   10-mar-2016 17:29:29  10-mar-2016 17:29:29

SYS@xifenfei> select owner, TABLE_NAME, DEFAULT_DIRECTORY_NAME, ACCESS_TYPE
  2  from dba_external_tables
  3  order by 1,2
  4  /

OWNER       TABLE_NAME                     DEFAULT_DIRECTORY_NAME         ACCESS_
----------- ------------------------------ ------------------------------ -------
DWDBA       ET$012D00070001                EXP_FILE_DIR                   CLOB
DWDBA       ET$01D10D4F0001                EXP_FILE_DIR                   CLOB

到这一步,我们已经完全清楚,ET$012D00070001和ET$01D10D4F0001是两个外部表,由于他们的存在使得收集统计信息异常。

分析ET$012D00070001表

SYS@xifenfei>desc DWDBA.ET$012D00070001
 Name                                                  Null?    Type
 ----------------------------------------------------- -------- ------------------------------------
 STORE_NO                                                       NUMBER(3)
 ITEM_NO                                                        NUMBER(6)
 WORK_DATE                                                      DATE
 DIVISION_NO                                                    NUMBER(2)
 SECTION_NO                                                     NUMBER(3)
 SUP_NO                                                         NUMBER(6)
 GRP_NO                                                         NUMBER(3)
 SUBGRP_NO                                                      NUMBER(3)
 USR                                                            VARCHAR2(30)
 TYPE                                                           NUMBER(1)
 ACTIVE_SELL_PRICE                                              NUMBER(8,2)
 SELL_PRICE                                                     NUMBER(8,2)
 SELL_VAT                                                       NUMBER(1)
 BUY_PRICE                                                      NUMBER(10,4)
 BUY_VAT                                                        NUMBER(1)
 PROMOTION_NO                                                   NUMBER(10)
 PROM_CLASS                                                     VARCHAR2(1)
 PROM_LEVEL                                                     NUMBER(1)
 STOCK                                                          NUMBER(10,3)
 STOCK_ADJ                                                      NUMBER(10,3)
 RECPT                                                          NUMBER(10,3)
 SALES                                                          NUMBER(10,3)
 STOCK_ADJ_AMNT                                                 NUMBER(10,2)
 RECPT_AMNT                                                     NUMBER(10,2)
 SALES_AMNT                                                     NUMBER(10,2)
 PROF_AMNT                                                      NUMBER(10,2)
 COST_CHANGE                                                    NUMBER(10,2)
 DISC                                                           NUMBER(10,3)
 RTN_QTY                                                        NUMBER(9,3)
 DISC_AMNT                                                      NUMBER(10,2)
 RTN_AMNT                                                       NUMBER(10,2)
 LOSS_AMNT                                                      NUMBER(10,2)
 CREATED_DATE                                                   DATE
 COST                                                           NUMBER(10,4)
 NBR_PK                                                         NUMBER(5)
 NBR_VISIT                                                      NUMBER(5)
 NBR_PK_LINE                                                    NUMBER(5)
 N_N_PROF_AMNT                                                  NUMBER(9,2)
 CON_FORE                                                       NUMBER(10,2)
 CON_FORE_OTH                                                   NUMBER(10,2)
 SALES_B                                                        NUMBER(10,3)
 SALES_AMNT_B                                                   NUMBER(10,2)

SYS@xifenfei>select count(*) from DWDBA.ET$012D00070001;
select count(*) from DWDBA.ET$012D00070001
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-29913: error in executing ODCIEXTTABLEOPEN callout
KUP-11024: This external table can only be accessed from within a Data Pump job.

通过对ET$012D00070001表查询重新了alert日志一样的错误,可以明确定位问题就是由于该外部表异常导致.通过查询mos,确定Bug 10327346 DBMS_WORKLOAD_CAPTURE does not drop external tables (causing ORA-20011 from DBMS_STATS)可能导致DBMS_WORKLOAD_CAPTURE无法正常清理掉Data pump的外部表导致出现Datapump出现孤立的外部表对象,从而出现该问题.解决方案就是直接drop 相关外部表.也就是这里的(ET$012D00070001和ET$01D10D4F0001)

错误操作导致数据文件丢失—alter database create datafile

alter database create datafile导致原始数据文件丢失
有客户一个小系统找我们恢复,通过Oracle Database Recovery Check 检测之后我们红框部分发现一奇怪现象
ctl
create-datafile-ctl
create-datafile


1.文件头fuzzy为NO,不符合数据库异常crash常识,也和其他文件该状态不匹配
2.文件的创建时间,scn均和checkpoint时间,scn一致(也就是说该文件是创建之后就checkpoint,然后就没有其他操作)
3.文件开始应用的归档为5,110和其他数据文件要求的3115相差甚远
结合这些情况,怀疑该文件被重新创建,查找alert日志果如发现如下信息

两个文件通过create datafile创建之后,然后offline操作.通过alert日志核查file 6和8的创建时间和seq信息
1
Fri Jan 16 15:03:36 2015
Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 5 (LGWR switch)
  Current log# 2 seq# 5 mem# 0: D:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\MYCHOICE\REDO02.LOG
Fri Jan 16 15:13:19 2015
CREATE BIGFILE TABLESPACE "FBAUDIT"
DATAFILE 'E:\ZDSoft\ZDFood\databak\FBAUDIT' SIZE 10M
AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 10M
MAXSIZE UNLIMITED LOGGING EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO
Completed: CREATE BIGFILE TABLESPACE "FBAUDIT"
DATAFILE 'E:\ZDSoft\ZDFood\databak\FBAUDIT' SIZE 10M
AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 10M
MAXSIZE UNLIMITED LOGGING EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO

Sat Feb 07 15:03:46 2015
Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 110 (LGWR switch)
  Current log# 2 seq# 110 mem# 0: D:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\MYCHOICE\REDO02.LOG
Sat Feb 07 15:20:41 2015
CREATE BIGFILE TABLESPACE "CARD"
DATAFILE 'E:\ZDSoft\ZDCARD\databak\CARD1' SIZE 10M
AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 10M
MAXSIZE UNLIMITED LOGGING EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO
Completed: CREATE BIGFILE TABLESPACE "CARD"
DATAFILE 'E:\ZDSoft\ZDCARD\databak\CARD1' SIZE 10M
AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 10M
MAXSIZE UNLIMITED LOGGING EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO

通过结合alert日志判断,我们可以确定,当前我们Oracle Database Recovery Check检查出来的情况,是由于执行了create datafile命令导致故障前的文件丢失,创建了一个新的数据文件,而由于该库为非归档模式,导致该文件数据无法恢复(备注:不光是非归档模式不行,就算是归档模式,也需要从文件创建到现在的所有归档才行).在大部分生产系统,我相信不可能有这么的归档,因为在执行alter database create datafile命令之时一定要慎重,评估确定是否丢失归档,否则可能导致不可理的损坏).
客户意识到了悲剧的发生,但是希望我们帮忙恢复一张核心数据,用户的余额信息.

对于alter database create datafile丢失文件恢复
通过工具扫描原始文件相关的记录(由于写入大量数据,无法完整恢复,只能通过工具扫描,恢复部分数据)[asm disk header 彻底损坏恢复]
scan-datafile


因为原库虽然丢失了这两个文件,但是已经open成功,通过相关的data obj结合这个里面扫描到的文件,抽取出来需要的对象的block,然后对block里面的数据进行读取恢复出来相关数据.在这里我们还有一个难点就是由于这两个文件都是bigfile,给恢复过程增加了难度
recover-data


至此我们已经实现了对于alter database create datafile导致文件丢失的核心数据的恢复.尽可能的减小的客户的损坏.这种恢复是取决运气,数据在磁盘上的block没有被覆盖.如果覆盖了基本无望.
如果需要数据库恢复,请联系我们(ORACLE数据库恢复技术支持),将为您提供专业数据库技术支持:
Phone:17813235971    Q Q:107644445    E-Mail:dba@xifenfei.com
再次提醒
1.在数据库出现故障之时,尽可能保护现场,做操作之前要之后后果别百度了就不分青红皂白的直接操作,导致不可逆的破坏,数据可能永久性丢失[Oracle异常恢复前备份保护现场建议—FileSystem环境|Oracle异常恢复前备份保护现场建议—ASM环境
2.使用alter database create datafile命令之前需要慎重,评估是否所有的归档都存在

DUL: Error: No compatibility segments found

最近有朋友误操作引起了非常大的事故,差点吃了官司.在做数据库迁移的时候,远程误操作删除了原库的system等几个数据库初始安装的文件,而且该磁盘空间使用率非常高,还有少量写入.最后结果比较悲剧,通过文件系统层面无法直接恢复出来数据文件,而且该库无任何有效备份,又没有表名,列名等信息,无奈之下只能通过底层io block重组来恢复数据文件,可是悲剧又一次发生,这个磁盘上以前也有一份system等文件,最后经过多方重组恢复出来一份相对理想的数据文件.但是第三方公司通过这样重组出来的数据文件和未被删除的业务文件恢复出来的数据大量有问题,依旧需要我们进一步分析恢复处理.这篇文章主要描述了dul在无法加载bootstrap命令之后通过一些方法依旧可以正常使用unload table/user 等命令实现数据尽可能恢复.你要知道几百张表没有表名/列名要把他们区分出来那是什么样的工作量……
在dul中配置system文件

D:\xifenfei\system01.dbf

D:\TEMP\recover\dul\bak>dul

Data UnLoader: 11.2.0.0.4 - Internal Only - on Wed Sep 28 17:01:56 2016
with 64-bit io functions

Copyright (c) 1994 2016 Bernard van Duijnen All rights reserved.

 Strictly Oracle Internal Use Only


DUL> show datafiles;
Sorry, no valid data files found in control.txt

使用默认的dul中数据文件配置方法,让dul自己发现数据文件方法不可行

随意表空间号和文件号dul识别

0 0 D:\xifenfei\system01.dbf

D:\TEMP\recover\dul\bak>dul

Data UnLoader: 11.2.0.0.4 - Internal Only - on Wed Sep 28 17:00:27 2016
with 64-bit io functions

Copyright (c) 1994 2016 Bernard van Duijnen All rights reserved.

 Strictly Oracle Internal Use Only



DUL: Warning: File Type mismatch 1 != 8
DUL: Warning: D:\xifenfei\system01.dbf Header tablespace number 3
!= 0
DUL: Warning: D:\xifenfei\system01.dbf Header relative file number 1 != 0
Found db_id = 2948357999
Found db_name = XIFENFEI
DUL: Warning: Found mismatch while checking file D:\xifenfei\system01.dbf
DUL: Warning: DUL osd_parameter or control.dul configuration error
DUL: Warning: Given file number(0) in control file does not match file# in dba(1)

通过这个识别我们可以知道system的表空间号为3,文件号为1

再次配置system让dul识别

3 1 D:\xifenfei\system01.dbf
D:\TEMP\recover\dul\bak>dul

Data UnLoader: 11.2.0.0.4 - Internal Only - on Wed Sep 28 17:03:46 2016
with 64-bit io functions

Copyright (c) 1994 2016 Bernard van Duijnen All rights reserved.

 Strictly Oracle Internal Use Only



DUL: Warning: File Type mismatch 1 != 8
Found db_id = 2948357999
Found db_name = XIFENFEI
DUL> show datafiles;
ts# rf# start   blocks offs open  err file name
  3   1     0   320257    0    1    0 D:\xifenfei\system01.dbf

dul正常识别出来system文件但是根据经验我们知道tablespace 3肯定是有问题的,因此后续操作依旧问题非常多

尝试dul bootstrap恢复失败

DUL> bootstrap;
Scanning SYSTEM tablespace to locate compatibility segment ...
DUL: Warning: No files found for tablespace 0
Reading EXT.dat 0 entries loaded and sorted 0 entries
Reading SEG.dat 0 entries loaded
Reading COMPATSEG.dat 0 entries loaded
Reading SCANNEDLOBPAGE.dat 0 entries loaded and sorted 0 entries
DUL: Error: No compatibility segments found

由于表空间号错误,dul无法加载到bootstrap$表,另外根据bbed分析恢复出来的system文件中bootstrap$这部分丢失

尝试人工加载dul所需数据字典

DUL> unload table OBJ$ 
  2     storage ( tablespace 3 segobjno 18 file 1 block 240);
. unloading table                      OBJ$   79074 rows unloaded

DUL> unload table TAB$( OBJ# number, DATAOBJ# number,
  2      cluster  C_OBJ#(OBJ#)
  3      storage ( tablespace 3 segobjno 2 tabno 1 file 1 block 144);
. unloading table                      TAB$    4482 rows unloaded

DUL> unload table COL$ ( OBJ# number, COL# number , SEGCOL# number,
  2      cluster C_OBJ#(OBJ#)
  3      storage ( tablespace 3 segobjno 2 tabno 5 file 1 block 144);
. unloading table                      COL$  114491 rows unloaded

DUL> unload table USER$
  2      cluster C_USER#(USER#)
  3      storage ( tablespace 3 segobjno 10 tabno 1 file 1 block 208);
. unloading table                     USER$      96 rows unloaded

----其他表省略,根据需要的依次处理

尝试使用dul恢复数据

DUL> desc portal_emr.BASEELEMENT;
Table PORTAL_EMR.BASEELEMENT
obj#= 87200, dataobj#= 87200, ts#= 9, file#= 7, block#=458
      tab#= 0, segcols= 8, clucols= 0
Column information:
icol# 01 segcol# 01       BENAME len   30 type  1 VARCHAR2 cs 852(ZHS16GBK)
icol# 02 segcol# 02     TYPENAME len   30 type  1 VARCHAR2 cs 852(ZHS16GBK)
icol# 03 segcol# 03     TYPETYPE len   22 type  2 NUMBER(0,0)
icol# 04 segcol# 04    BEXMLTEXT len 4000 type  1 VARCHAR2 cs 852(ZHS16GBK)
icol# 05 segcol# 05 DEPTGROUPCODE len   30 type  1 VARCHAR2 cs 852(ZHS16GBK)
icol# 06 segcol# 06     ISCOMMON len   22 type  2 NUMBER(0,0)
icol# 07 segcol# 07      BESPELL len   15 type  1 VARCHAR2 cs 852(ZHS16GBK)
icol# 08 segcol# 08     ELEMTYPE len   22 type  2 NUMBER(0)

DUL> show datafiles;
ts# rf# start   blocks offs open  err file name
  3   1     0   320257    0    1    0 D:\xifenfei\system01.dbf
  9   7     0  4170425    0    1    0 D:\BaiduYunDownload\PORTAL_EMR

DUL> unload table portal_emr.BASEELEMENT;
. unloading table               BASEELEMENT    1913 rows unloaded

这里描述了在dul无法加载bootstrap命令之后,通过人工加载数据字典实现正常的unload table/user功能,丢弃了一般处理思路中的只能通过scan 然后unload没有表名,列名的处理方法,从而实现了恢复的最大化.
我们对原厂官方oracle dual工具有深入研究,如果在oracle dul恢复方面有搞不定的问题.
请联系我们,提供专业ORACLE数据库恢复技术支持
Phone:17813235971    Q Q:107644445QQ咨询惜分飞    E-Mail:dba@xifenfei.com