接到一个客户数据库无法启动的case请求,查看alert日志,发现错误是经典的ORA-600 kokasgi1

Fri Oct 17 21:56:48 2025
ALTER DATABASE OPEN
Beginning crash recovery of 1 threads
 parallel recovery started with 7 processes
Started redo scan
Completed redo scan
 read 30 KB redo, 24 data blocks need recovery
Started redo application at
 Thread 1: logseq 3749, block 2, scn 111907926
Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 2 Seq 3749 Reading mem 0
  Mem# 0: /u01/oradata/orcl/redo02.log
Completed redo application of 0.02MB
Completed crash recovery at
 Thread 1: logseq 3749, block 62, scn 111927984
 24 data blocks read, 24 data blocks written, 30 redo k-bytes read
Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 3750 (thread open)
Thread 1 opened at log sequence 3750
  Current log# 3 seq# 3750 mem# 0: /u01/oradata/orcl/redo03.log
Successful open of redo thread 1
MTTR advisory is disabled because FAST_START_MTTR_TARGET is not set
SMON: enabling cache recovery
[2261] Successfully onlined Undo Tablespace 2.
Undo initialization finished serial:0 start:4294684900 end:4294684970 diff:70 (0 seconds)
Verifying file header compatibility for 11g tablespace encryption..
Verifying 11g file header compatibility for tablespace encryption completed
SMON: enabling tx recovery
Database Characterset is ZHS16GBK
Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/trace/orcl_ora_2261.trc  (incident=81755):
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [kokasgi1], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []
Incident details in: /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/incident/incdir_81755/orcl_ora_2261_i81755.trc
Use ADRCI or Support Workbench to package the incident.
See Note 411.1 at My Oracle Support for error and packaging details.
Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/trace/orcl_ora_2261.trc:
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [kokasgi1], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []
Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/trace/orcl_ora_2261.trc:
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [kokasgi1], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []
Error 600 happened during db open, shutting down database
USER (ospid: 2261): terminating the instance due to error 600
Instance terminated by USER, pid = 2261

尝试启动数据库确实报该错误

SQL> alter database open;
alter database open
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01092: ORACLE instance terminated. Disconnection forced
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [kokasgi1], [], [], [], [], [], [],[], [], [], [], []
Process ID: 164830
Session ID: 688 Serial number: 169

这类错误恢复比较多:
ORA-600 kokasgi1故障恢复
win环境报ora-600 kokasgi1处理
再次遇到ORA-600 kokasgi1故障恢复
2022年恢复第一单ORA-600 kokasgi1
等保修改oracle SYS用户名要求的请注意—ORA-00600 kokasgi1
重命名sys用户引起数据库启动报ORA-01092 ORA-00600 kokasgi1错误
处理方法比较简单,就是在数据库启动的过程中绕过对SYS用户的检查,然后把user#=0的用户update为SYS（在后续数据库版本中,oracle可能发现了该问题,直接禁止用户级别对user$进行update操作update user$报ORA-01031错误）,再重启库即可

SQL> update user$ set name='SYS' WHERE USER#=0;

1 row updated.

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.

SQL>  select user#,name from user$ WHERE USER#=0;

     USER# NAME
---------- ------------------------------
         0 SYS

SQL> alter system checkpoint;

System altered.

SQL> shutdown abort;
ORACLE instance shut down.



[oracle@oracle ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Sat Oct 18 00:36:37 2025

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1286066176 bytes
Fixed Size                  2252904 bytes
Variable Size            1157631896 bytes
Database Buffers          117440512 bytes
Redo Buffers                8740864 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> recover database;
Media recovery complete.
SQL> alter database open;

Database altered.

完美处理ORA-600 kokasgi1故障,实现数据0丢失,业务快速恢复