Monthly Archives: 八月 2012

v$datafile.enabled相关值说明

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自认为对v$datafile视图算比较了解,但是今天看到一网友的v$datafile.enabled=DISABLED,我一时没有想出来是为什么,这里通过试验对v$datafile.enabled各种情况进行了试验并简单说明scn的变化情况
模拟环境(READ WRITE)

SQL> alter tablespace users add datafile '/u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/users02.dbf' size 10m;

Tablespace altered.

SQL> select file#,ts#,CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#,enabled,status,name from v$datafile;

     FILE#        TS# CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# ENABLED    STATUS  NAME
---------- ---------- ------------------ ---------- ------- ---------------------------------------
         1          0             456727 READ WRITE SYSTEM  /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/system01.dbf
         2          1             456727 READ WRITE ONLINE  /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/undotbs01.dbf
         3          2             456727 READ WRITE ONLINE  /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/sysaux01.dbf
         4          4             456727 READ WRITE ONLINE  /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/users01.dbf
         5          4             458322 READ WRITE ONLINE  /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/users02.dbf

QL> select file#,status, CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# from v$datafile_header;

     FILE# STATUS  CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#
---------- ------- ------------------
         1 ONLINE              456727
         2 ONLINE              456727
         3 ONLINE              456727
         4 ONLINE              456727
         5 ONLINE              458322

加入数据文件scn不一样是因为:加入数据文件的时候,使用是当前scn,而数据库未做checkpoint,所以出现数据文件scn不一致现象

datafile offline(READ WRITE)

SQL> alter database datafile 5 offline;

Database altered.

SQL> alter system checkpoint;

System altered.

SQL> /

System altered.

SQL> select file#,status, CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# from v$datafile_header;

     FILE# STATUS  CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#
---------- ------- ------------------
         1 ONLINE              458392
         2 ONLINE              458392
         3 ONLINE              458392
         4 ONLINE              458392
         5 OFFLINE             458322

SQL> select file#,ts#,CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#,enabled,status,name from v$datafile;

     FILE#        TS# CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# ENABLED    STATUS  NAME
---------- ---------- ------------------ ---------- ------- ----------------------------------------
         1          0             458392 READ WRITE SYSTEM  /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/system01.dbf
         2          1             458392 READ WRITE ONLINE  /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/undotbs01.dbf
         3          2             458392 READ WRITE ONLINE  /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/sysaux01.dbf
         4          4             458392 READ WRITE ONLINE  /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/users01.dbf
         5          4             458322 READ WRITE RECOVER /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/users02.dbf

这里可以看出来数据文件offline之后,v$datafile.enabled依然是READ WRITE,但是该数据文件的scn不再变化

tablespace offline(DISABLED)

SQL> recover datafile 5;
Media recovery complete.
SQL> alter database datafile 5 online;

Database altered.

SQL>  select file#,ts#,CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#,enabled,status,name from v$datafile;

     FILE#        TS# CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# ENABLED    STATUS  NAME
---------- ---------- ------------------ ---------- ------- --------------------------------------
         1          0             458392 READ WRITE SYSTEM  /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/system01.dbf
         2          1             458392 READ WRITE ONLINE  /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/undotbs01.dbf
         3          2             458392 READ WRITE ONLINE  /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/sysaux01.dbf
         4          4             458392 READ WRITE ONLINE  /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/users01.dbf
         5          4             458430 READ WRITE ONLINE  /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/users02.dbf

SQL> select file#,status, CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# from v$datafile_header;

     FILE# STATUS  CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#
---------- ------- ------------------
         1 ONLINE              458392
         2 ONLINE              458392
         3 ONLINE              458392
         4 ONLINE              458392
         5 ONLINE              458430

SQL> alter system checkpoint;

System altered.

SQL> select file#,ts#,CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#,enabled,status,name from v$datafile;

     FILE#        TS# CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# ENABLED    STATUS  NAME
---------- ---------- ------------------ ---------- ------- ---------------------------------------
         1          0             458443 READ WRITE SYSTEM  /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/system01.dbf
         2          1             458443 READ WRITE ONLINE  /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/undotbs01.dbf
         3          2             458443 READ WRITE ONLINE  /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/sysaux01.dbf
         4          4             458443 READ WRITE ONLINE  /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/users01.dbf
         5          4             458443 READ WRITE ONLINE  /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/users02.dbf

SQL> select file#,status, CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# from v$datafile_header;

     FILE# STATUS  CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#
---------- ------- ------------------
         1 ONLINE              458443
         2 ONLINE              458443
         3 ONLINE              458443
         4 ONLINE              458443
         5 ONLINE              458443

SQL> alter tablespace users offline;

Tablespace altered.

SQL> alter system checkpoint;

System altered.

SQL> /

System altered.

SQL> select file#,ts#,CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#,enabled,status,name from v$datafile;

     FILE#        TS# CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# ENABLED    STATUS  NAME
---------- ---------- ------------------ ---------- ------- --------------------------------------
         1          0             458497 READ WRITE SYSTEM  /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/system01.dbf
         2          1             458497 READ WRITE ONLINE  /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/undotbs01.dbf
         3          2             458497 READ WRITE ONLINE  /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/sysaux01.dbf
         4          4             458457 DISABLED   OFFLINE /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/users01.dbf
         5          4             458457 DISABLED   OFFLINE /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/users02.dbf

SQL> select file#,status, CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# from v$datafile_header;

     FILE# STATUS  CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#
---------- ------- ------------------
         1 ONLINE              458497
         2 ONLINE              458497
         3 ONLINE              458497
         4 OFFLINE                  0
         5 OFFLINE                  0

SQL> alter system checkpoint;

System altered.

SQL> /

System altered.

SQL> select file#,ts#,CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#,enabled,status,name from v$datafile;

     FILE#        TS# CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# ENABLED    STATUS  NAME
---------- ---------- ------------------ ---------- ------- --------------------------------------------------
         1          0             458512 READ WRITE SYSTEM  /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/system01.dbf
         2          1             458512 READ WRITE ONLINE  /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/undotbs01.dbf
         3          2             458512 READ WRITE ONLINE  /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/sysaux01.dbf
         4          4             458457 DISABLED   OFFLINE /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/users01.dbf
         5          4             458457 DISABLED   OFFLINE /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/users02.dbf
 
SQL> select file#,status, CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# from v$datafile_header;

     FILE# STATUS  CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#
---------- ------- ------------------
         1 ONLINE              458512
         2 ONLINE              458512
         3 ONLINE              458512
         4 OFFLINE                  0
         5 OFFLINE                  0

SQL> alter tablespace users online;

Tablespace altered.

SQL> select file#,status, CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# from v$datafile_header;

     FILE# STATUS  CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#
---------- ------- ------------------
         1 ONLINE              458512
         2 ONLINE              458512
         3 ONLINE              458512
         4 ONLINE              458526
         5 ONLINE              458526

SQL> select file#,ts#,CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#,enabled,status,name from v$datafile;

     FILE#        TS# CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# ENABLED    STATUS  NAME
---------- ---------- ------------------ ---------- ------- --------------------------------------------------
         1          0             458512 READ WRITE SYSTEM  /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/system01.dbf
         2          1             458512 READ WRITE ONLINE  /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/undotbs01.dbf
         3          2             458512 READ WRITE ONLINE  /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/sysaux01.dbf
         4          4             458526 READ WRITE ONLINE  /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/users01.dbf
         5          4             458526 READ WRITE ONLINE  /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/users02.dbf

SQL> alter system checkpoint;

System altered.

SQL> select file#,ts#,CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#,enabled,status,name from v$datafile;

     FILE#        TS# CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# ENABLED    STATUS  NAME
---------- ---------- ------------------ ---------- ------- --------------------------------------------------
         1          0             458551 READ WRITE SYSTEM  /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/system01.dbf
         2          1             458551 READ WRITE ONLINE  /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/undotbs01.dbf
         3          2             458551 READ WRITE ONLINE  /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/sysaux01.dbf
         4          4             458551 READ WRITE ONLINE  /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/users01.dbf
         5          4             458551 READ WRITE ONLINE  /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/users02.dbf

SQL> select file#,status, CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# from v$datafile_header;

     FILE# STATUS  CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#
---------- ------- ------------------
         1 ONLINE              458551
         2 ONLINE              458551
         3 ONLINE              458551
         4 ONLINE              458551
         5 ONLINE              458551

以上部分证明：
1.online datafile也不触发database checkpoint
2.tablespace offline后v$datafile.enabled为DISABLED
3.控制文件对应表空间scn不再变化,datafile header scn变为0
4.tablespace online不需要recover

tablespace read only(READ ONLY)

SQL> alter tablespace users read only;

Tablespace altered.

SQL> select file#,ts#,CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#,enabled,status,name from v$datafile;

     FILE#        TS# CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# ENABLED    STATUS  NAME
---------- ---------- ------------------ ---------- ------- --------------------------------------------------
         1          0             458551 READ WRITE SYSTEM  /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/system01.dbf
         2          1             458551 READ WRITE ONLINE  /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/undotbs01.dbf
         3          2             458551 READ WRITE ONLINE  /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/sysaux01.dbf
         4          4             458567 READ ONLY  ONLINE  /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/users01.dbf
         5          4             458567 READ ONLY  ONLINE  /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/users02.dbf

SQL> select file#,status, CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# from v$datafile_header;

     FILE# STATUS  CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#
---------- ------- ------------------
         1 ONLINE              458551
         2 ONLINE              458551
         3 ONLINE              458551
         4 ONLINE              458567
         5 ONLINE              458567

SQL> alter system checkpoint;

System altered.

SQL>  select file#,ts#,CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#,enabled,status,name from v$datafile;

     FILE#        TS# CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# ENABLED    STATUS  NAME
---------- ---------- ------------------ ---------- ------- --------------------------------------------------
         1          0             458581 READ WRITE SYSTEM  /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/system01.dbf
         2          1             458581 READ WRITE ONLINE  /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/undotbs01.dbf
         3          2             458581 READ WRITE ONLINE  /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/sysaux01.dbf
         4          4             458567 READ ONLY  ONLINE  /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/users01.dbf
         5          4             458567 READ ONLY  ONLINE  /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/users02.dbf

SQL> select file#,status, CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# from v$datafile_header;

     FILE# STATUS  CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#
---------- ------- ------------------
         1 ONLINE              458581
         2 ONLINE              458581
         3 ONLINE              458581
         4 ONLINE              458567
         5 ONLINE              458567

SQL> alter tablespace users read write;

Tablespace altered.

SQL> select file#,ts#,CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#,enabled,status,name from v$datafile;

     FILE#        TS# CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# ENABLED    STATUS  NAME
---------- ---------- ------------------ ---------- ------- --------------------------------------------------
         1          0             458581 READ WRITE SYSTEM  /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/system01.dbf
         2          1             458581 READ WRITE ONLINE  /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/undotbs01.dbf
         3          2             458581 READ WRITE ONLINE  /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/sysaux01.dbf
         4          4             458635 READ WRITE ONLINE  /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/users01.dbf
         5          4             458635 READ WRITE ONLINE  /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/users02.dbf

SQL> select file#,status, CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# from v$datafile_header;

     FILE# STATUS  CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#
---------- ------- ------------------
         1 ONLINE              458581
         2 ONLINE              458581
         3 ONLINE              458581
         4 ONLINE              458635
         5 ONLINE              458635

SQL> alter system checkpoint;

System altered.

SQL>  select file#,ts#,CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#,enabled,status,name from v$datafile;

     FILE#        TS# CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# ENABLED    STATUS  NAME
---------- ---------- ------------------ ---------- ------- --------------------------------------------------
         1          0             458649 READ WRITE SYSTEM  /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/system01.dbf
         2          1             458649 READ WRITE ONLINE  /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/undotbs01.dbf
         3          2             458649 READ WRITE ONLINE  /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/sysaux01.dbf
         4          4             458649 READ WRITE ONLINE  /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/users01.dbf
         5          4             458649 READ WRITE ONLINE  /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/users02.dbf

SQL> select file#,status, CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# from v$datafile_header;

     FILE# STATUS  CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#
---------- ------- ------------------
         1 ONLINE              458649
         2 ONLINE              458649
         3 ONLINE              458649
         4 ONLINE              458649
         5 ONLINE              458649

以上部分证明：
1.tablespace read only 对应的v$datafile.enabled为READ ONLY
2.tablespace read only与tablespace read write之间的转换也不会触发database checkpoint

补充说明
官方文档给出来的v$datafile.enabled有以下几种
DISABLED – No SQL access allowed
READ ONLY – No SQL updates allowed
READ WRITE – Full access allowed
UNKNOWN – should not occur unless the control file is corrupted
但是对于UNKNOWN我通过模拟重建控制文件,缺少数据文件(为READ WRITE),通过在线删除数据文件(为READ WRITE),都不能出现UNKNOWN状态,如果知道的朋友请告知我.

通过bbed解决ORA-00600[4000]案例

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数据库启动出现ORA-00600[4000]错误

Fri Nov  4 06:50:38 2011
Errors in file /u01/oracle/admin/XFF/udump/xff_ora_7046.trc:
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [4000], [5], [], [], [], [], [], []
Fri Nov  4 06:50:40 2011
Errors in file /u01/oracle/admin/XFF/udump/xff_ora_7046.trc:
ORA-00704: bootstrap process failure
ORA-00704: bootstrap process failure
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [4000], [5], [], [], [], [], [], []
Fri Nov  4 06:50:40 2011
Error 704 happened during db open, shutting down database
USER: terminating instance due to error 704
Instance terminated by USER, pid = 7046
ORA-1092 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE OPEN...

查看trace文件

*** 2011-11-04 06:50:38.942
ksedmp: internal or fatal error
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [4000], [5], [], [], [], [], [], []
Current SQL statement for this session:
select ctime, mtime, stime from obj$ where obj# = :1


Block header dump:  0x0040007a
 Object id on Block? Y
 seg/obj: 0x12  csc: 0x00.1020770d  itc: 1  flg: -  typ: 1 - DATA
     fsl: 0  fnx: 0x0 ver: 0x01
 
 Itl           Xid                  Uba         Flag  Lck        Scn/Fsc
0x01   0x0005.029.0000029a  0x00802381.01f9.03  --U-    1  fsc 0x0000.1020770e

查询trace相关数据对应值

SQL> select DBMS_UTILITY.data_block_address_file (TO_NUMBER ('0040007a','xxxxxxxx')) file_no,
  2  DBMS_UTILITY.data_block_address_block (TO_NUMBER ('0040007a','xxxxxxxx')) block_no
  3  from dual;

   FILE_NO   BLOCK_NO
---------- ----------
         1        122


SQL> select to_number('1020770e','xxxxxxxxxxx') itl_commit from dual;

ITL_COMMIT
----------
 270563086

SQL> select to_number('1020770d','xxxxxxxxxxxx') csc from dual;

       CSC
----------
 270563085

通过这里的分析,我们可以得出file 1 block 122的内容未提交,可能是导致错误ORA-00600[4000],尝试这手工提交该事务

BBED> set file 1 block 122
        FILE#           1
        BLOCK#          122

BBED> map
 File: /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/system01.dbf (1)
 Block: 122                                   Dba:0x0040007a
------------------------------------------------------------
 KTB Data Block (Table/Cluster)

 struct kcbh, 20 bytes                      @0       

 struct ktbbh, 48 bytes                     @20      

 struct kdbh, 14 bytes                      @68      

 struct kdbt[1], 4 bytes                    @82      

 sb2 kdbr[108]                              @86      

 ub1 freespace[873]                         @302     

 ub1 rowdata[7013]                          @1175    

 ub4 tailchk                                @8188    


BBED> p ktbbh
struct ktbbh, 48 bytes                      @20      
   ub1 ktbbhtyp                             @20       0x01 (KDDBTDATA)
   union ktbbhsid, 4 bytes                  @24      
      ub4 ktbbhsg1                          @24       0x00000012
      ub4 ktbbhod1                          @24       0x00000012
   struct ktbbhcsc, 8 bytes                 @28      
      ub4 kscnbas                           @28       0x1020770d
      ub2 kscnwrp                           @32       0x0000
   sb2 ktbbhict                             @36       1
   ub1 ktbbhflg                             @38       0x02 (NONE)
   ub1 ktbbhfsl                             @39       0x00
   ub4 ktbbhfnx                             @40       0x00000000
   struct ktbbhitl[0], 24 bytes             @44      
      struct ktbitxid, 8 bytes              @44      
         ub2 kxidusn                        @44       0x0005
         ub2 kxidslt                        @46       0x0029
         ub4 kxidsqn                        @48       0x0000029a
      struct ktbituba, 8 bytes              @52      
         ub4 kubadba                        @52       0x00802381
         ub2 kubaseq                        @56       0x01f9
         ub1 kubarec                        @58       0x03
      ub2 ktbitflg                          @60       0x2001 (KTBFUPB)
      union _ktbitun, 2 bytes               @62      
         sb2 _ktbitfsc                      @62       0
         ub2 _ktbitwrp                      @62       0x0000
      ub4 ktbitbas                          @64       0x1020770e

BBED> set count 16
        COUNT           16

BBED> m /x 0180 offset 60 
 File: /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/system01.dbf (1)
 Block: 122              Offsets:   60 to   75           Dba:0x0040007a
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 01800000 0e772010 00016c00 ffffea00 

 <32 bytes per line>

BBED> p ktbbh
struct ktbbh, 48 bytes                      @20      
   ub1 ktbbhtyp                             @20       0x01 (KDDBTDATA)
   union ktbbhsid, 4 bytes                  @24      
      ub4 ktbbhsg1                          @24       0x00000012
      ub4 ktbbhod1                          @24       0x00000012
   struct ktbbhcsc, 8 bytes                 @28      
      ub4 kscnbas                           @28       0x1020770d
      ub2 kscnwrp                           @32       0x0000
   sb2 ktbbhict                             @36       1
   ub1 ktbbhflg                             @38       0x02 (NONE)
   ub1 ktbbhfsl                             @39       0x00
   ub4 ktbbhfnx                             @40       0x00000000
   struct ktbbhitl[0], 24 bytes             @44      
      struct ktbitxid, 8 bytes              @44      
         ub2 kxidusn                        @44       0x0005
         ub2 kxidslt                        @46       0x0029
         ub4 kxidsqn                        @48       0x0000029a
      struct ktbituba, 8 bytes              @52      
         ub4 kubadba                        @52       0x00802381
         ub2 kubaseq                        @56       0x01f9
         ub1 kubarec                        @58       0x03
      ub2 ktbitflg                          @60       0x8001 (KTBFCOM)
      union _ktbitun, 2 bytes               @62      
         sb2 _ktbitfsc                      @62       0
         ub2 _ktbitwrp                      @62       0x0000
      ub4 ktbitbas                          @64       0x1020770e

BBED> sum apply
Check value for File 1, Block 122:
current = 0x6902, required = 0x6902

尝试重启库

SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  318767104 bytes
Fixed Size                  1219160 bytes
Variable Size              92276136 bytes
Database Buffers          218103808 bytes
Redo Buffers                7168000 bytes
Database mounted.
ORA-01092: ORACLE instance terminated. Disconnection forced

查看alert日志

Fri Nov  4 07:42:46 2011
Errors in file /u01/oracle/admin/XFF/udump/xff_ora_7702.trc:
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [ktbdchk1: bad dscn], [], [], [], [], [], [], []
Fri Nov  4 07:42:46 2011
Errors in file /u01/oracle/admin/XFF/udump/xff_ora_7702.trc:
ORA-00704: bootstrap process failure
ORA-00704: bootstrap process failure
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [ktbdchk1: bad dscn], [], [], [], [], [], [], []
Fri Nov  4 07:42:46 2011
Error 704 happened during db open, shutting down database
USER: terminating instance due to error 704
Instance terminated by USER, pid = 7702
ORA-1092 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE OPEN...

分析trace文件

*** 2011-11-04 07:42:46.273
Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 1 Seq 40 Reading mem 0
----- Recovery Hash Table Statistics ---------
Hash table buckets = 32768
Longest hash chain = 0
Average hash chain = 0/0 = 0.0
Max compares per lookup = 0
Avg compares per lookup = 0/0 = 0.0
----------------------------------------------
tkcrrsarc: (WARN) Failed to find ARCH for message (message:0x1)
tkcrrpa: (WARN) Failed initial attempt to send ARCH message (message:0x1)
[ktbdchk] -- readers_dsz -- bad dscn
scn: 0x0000.1020770escn: 0x0000.0021fa09
*** 2011-11-04 07:42:46.530
ksedmp: internal or fatal error
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [ktbdchk1: bad dscn], [], [], [], [], [], [], []
Current SQL statement for this session:
select ctime, mtime, stime from obj$ where obj# = :1

Block header dump:  0x0040007a
 Object id on Block? Y
 seg/obj: 0x12  csc: 0x00.1020770d  itc: 1  flg: -  typ: 1 - DATA
     fsl: 0  fnx: 0x0 ver: 0x01

 Itl           Xid                  Uba         Flag  Lck        Scn/Fsc
0x01   0x0005.029.0000029a  0x00802381.01f9.03  C---    0  scn 0x0000.1020770e

根据这个错误提示ktbdchk–>bad dscn,猜测ktbdchk是header scn中的ktbdchk,查找1020770e发现是itl comomit scn,通过bbed查看

BBED>  p kcvfhckp.kcvcpscn
struct kcvcpscn, 8 bytes                    @484     
   ub4 kscnbas                              @484      0x0021fa09
   ub2 kscnwrp                              @488      0x0000

通过这里可以知道ORA-00600[ktbdchk1: bad dscn]是因为itl comomit scn远大于datafile header scn,从而oracle认为datafile header scn是错误的,从而提示ktbdchk1: bad dscn.尝试bbed修改itl comomit scn

BBED> p ktbbh
struct ktbbh, 48 bytes                      @20      
   ub1 ktbbhtyp                             @20       0x01 (KDDBTDATA)
   union ktbbhsid, 4 bytes                  @24      
      ub4 ktbbhsg1                          @24       0x00000012
      ub4 ktbbhod1                          @24       0x00000012
   struct ktbbhcsc, 8 bytes                 @28      
      ub4 kscnbas                           @28       0x1020770d
      ub2 kscnwrp                           @32       0x0000
   sb2 ktbbhict                             @36       1
   ub1 ktbbhflg                             @38       0x02 (NONE)
   ub1 ktbbhfsl                             @39       0x00
   ub4 ktbbhfnx                             @40       0x00000000
   struct ktbbhitl[0], 24 bytes             @44      
      struct ktbitxid, 8 bytes              @44      
         ub2 kxidusn                        @44       0x0005
         ub2 kxidslt                        @46       0x0029
         ub4 kxidsqn                        @48       0x0000029a
      struct ktbituba, 8 bytes              @52      
         ub4 kubadba                        @52       0x00802381
         ub2 kubaseq                        @56       0x01f9
         ub1 kubarec                        @58       0x03
      ub2 ktbitflg                          @60       0x8001 (KTBFCOM)
      union _ktbitun, 2 bytes               @62      
         sb2 _ktbitfsc                      @62       0
         ub2 _ktbitwrp                      @62       0x0000
      ub4 ktbitbas                          @64       0x1020770e

BBED> m /x 09fa2100 offset 64
 File: /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/system01.dbf (1)
 Block: 122              Offsets:   64 to   79           Dba:0x0040007a
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 09fa2100 00016c00 ffffea00 53046903 

 <32 bytes per line>

BBED> sum apply
Check value for File 1, Block 122:
current = 0xf404, required = 0xf404

启动数据库

SQL> conn / as sysdba
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  318767104 bytes
Fixed Size                  1219160 bytes
Variable Size              92276136 bytes
Database Buffers          218103808 bytes
Redo Buffers                7168000 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.

重现ORA-600 4000异常

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对于数据库恢复感兴趣的人,一定对于ORA-600[4000]这个著名的错误记忆犹新,这里通过试验重现ORA-600[4000]
查询数据库obj$.con$记录

[oracle@xifenfei ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Fri Nov 4 06:32:36 2011

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  318767104 bytes
Fixed Size                  1219160 bytes
Variable Size              92276136 bytes
Database Buffers          218103808 bytes
Redo Buffers                7168000 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> select OBJ#,dbms_rowid.rowid_relative_fno(rowid) rel_fno,
  2  dbms_rowid.rowid_block_number(rowid) block_num from obj$ 
  3  where name='CON$';

      OBJ#    REL_FNO  BLOCK_NUM
---------- ---------- ----------
        28          1        122

SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.

bbed修改数据块
根据催华的研究,当OBJ$中部分数据块中的csc和itl的scn都大于header scn的时候,数据库启动就会报ORA-600[4000]

[oracle@xifenfei ~]$ bbed listfile=list mode=edit password=blockedit

BBED: Release 2.0.0.0.0 - Limited Production on Fri Nov 4 06:47:09 2011

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

************* !!! For Oracle Internal Use only !!! ***************

BBED> info
 File#  Name                                                        Size(blks)
 -----  ----                                                        ----------
     1  /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/system01.dbf                                 0
     2  /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/undotbs01.dbf                                0
     3  /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/sysaux01.dbf                                 0
     4  /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/users01.dbf                                  0
     5  /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/datfttuser.dbf                               0

BBED> set block 1     
        BLOCK#          1

BBED> set file 1 block 1
        FILE#           1
        BLOCK#          1

BBED>  p kcvfhckp.kcvcpscn
struct kcvcpscn, 8 bytes                    @484     
   ub4 kscnbas                              @484      0x00210f97
   ub2 kscnwrp                              @488      0x0000

BBED> set block 122
        BLOCK#          122

BBED> p ktbbh
struct ktbbh, 48 bytes                      @20      
   ub1 ktbbhtyp                             @20       0x01 (KDDBTDATA)
   union ktbbhsid, 4 bytes                  @24      
      ub4 ktbbhsg1                          @24       0x00000012
      ub4 ktbbhod1                          @24       0x00000012
   struct ktbbhcsc, 8 bytes                 @28         <==csc(SCN of the last block cleanout)
      ub4 kscnbas                           @28       0x0020770d
      ub2 kscnwrp                           @32       0x0000
   sb2 ktbbhict                             @36       1
   ub1 ktbbhflg                             @38       0x02 (NONE)
   ub1 ktbbhfsl                             @39       0x00
   ub4 ktbbhfnx                             @40       0x00000000
   struct ktbbhitl[0], 24 bytes             @44      
      struct ktbitxid, 8 bytes              @44      
         ub2 kxidusn                        @44       0x0005  <==回滚段序号
         ub2 kxidslt                        @46       0x0029
         ub4 kxidsqn                        @48       0x0000029a
      struct ktbituba, 8 bytes              @52      
         ub4 kubadba                        @52       0x00802381
         ub2 kubaseq                        @56       0x01f9
         ub1 kubarec                        @58       0x03
      ub2 ktbitflg                          @60       0x2001 (KTBFUPB)
      union _ktbitun, 2 bytes               @62      
         sb2 _ktbitfsc                      @62       0
         ub2 _ktbitwrp                      @62       0x0000
      ub4 ktbitbas                          @64       0x0020770e <==itl commit scn

BBED> set count 16
        COUNT           16

BBED> m /x 0d772010 offset 28
Warning: contents of previous BIFILE will be lost. Proceed? (Y/N) y
 File: /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/system01.dbf (1)
 Block: 122              Offsets:   28 to  60           Dba:0x0040007a
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 0d772010 00000000 01000200 00000000 

 <32 bytes per line>

BBED> m /x 0e772010 offset 64
 File: /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/system01.dbf (1)
 Block: 122              Offsets:   64 to  96           Dba:0x0040007a
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 0e772010 00016c00 ffffea00 53046903 

 <32 bytes per line>

BBED> p ktbbh
struct ktbbh, 48 bytes                      @20      
   ub1 ktbbhtyp                             @20       0x01 (KDDBTDATA)
   union ktbbhsid, 4 bytes                  @24      
      ub4 ktbbhsg1                          @24       0x00000012
      ub4 ktbbhod1                          @24       0x00000012
   struct ktbbhcsc, 8 bytes                 @28      
      ub4 kscnbas                           @28       0x1020770d
      ub2 kscnwrp                           @32       0x0000
   sb2 ktbbhict                             @36       1
   ub1 ktbbhflg                             @38       0x02 (NONE)
   ub1 ktbbhfsl                             @39       0x00
   ub4 ktbbhfnx                             @40       0x00000000
   struct ktbbhitl[0], 24 bytes             @44      
      struct ktbitxid, 8 bytes              @44      
         ub2 kxidusn                        @44       0x0005
         ub2 kxidslt                        @46       0x0029
         ub4 kxidsqn                        @48       0x0000029a
      struct ktbituba, 8 bytes              @52      
         ub4 kubadba                        @52       0x00802381
         ub2 kubaseq                        @56       0x01f9
         ub1 kubarec                        @58       0x03
      ub2 ktbitflg                          @60       0x2001 (KTBFUPB)
      union _ktbitun, 2 bytes               @62      
         sb2 _ktbitfsc                      @62       0
         ub2 _ktbitwrp                      @62       0x0000
      ub4 ktbitbas                          @64       0x1020770e

BBED> sum apply
Check value for File 1, Block 122:
current = 0xc902, required = 0xc902

启动数据库

SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  318767104 bytes
Fixed Size                  1219160 bytes
Variable Size              92276136 bytes
Database Buffers          218103808 bytes
Redo Buffers                7168000 bytes
Database mounted.
ORA-01092: ORACLE instance terminated. Disconnection forced

查看日志

Fri Nov  4 06:50:38 2011
Database mounted in Exclusive Mode
Completed: ALTER DATABASE   MOUNT
Fri Nov  4 06:50:38 2011
ALTER DATABASE OPEN
Fri Nov  4 06:50:38 2011
LGWR: STARTING ARCH PROCESSES
ARC0 started with pid=16, OS id=7048
Fri Nov  4 06:50:38 2011
ARC0: Archival started
ARC1: Archival started
LGWR: STARTING ARCH PROCESSES COMPLETE
ARC1 started with pid=17, OS id=7050
ARC1: STARTING ARCH PROCESSES
Fri Nov  4 06:50:38 2011
ARC0: Becoming the 'no FAL' ARCH
ARC0: Becoming the 'no SRL' ARCH
Fri Nov  4 06:50:38 2011
Thread 1 opened at log sequence 38
  Current log# 3 seq# 38 mem# 0: /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/redo03.log
Successful open of redo thread 1
Fri Nov  4 06:50:38 2011
MTTR advisory is disabled because FAST_START_MTTR_TARGET is not set
Fri Nov  4 06:50:38 2011
SMON: enabling cache recovery
Fri Nov  4 06:50:38 2011
ARC2: Archival started
ARC1: STARTING ARCH PROCESSES COMPLETE
ARC1: Becoming the heartbeat ARCH
ARC2 started with pid=18, OS id=7052
Fri Nov  4 06:50:38 2011
Errors in file /u01/oracle/admin/XFF/udump/xff_ora_7046.trc:
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [4000], [5], [], [], [], [], [], []
Fri Nov  4 06:50:40 2011
Errors in file /u01/oracle/admin/XFF/udump/xff_ora_7046.trc:
ORA-00704: bootstrap process failure
ORA-00704: bootstrap process failure
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [4000], [5], [], [], [], [], [], []
Fri Nov  4 06:50:40 2011
Error 704 happened during db open, shutting down database
USER: terminating instance due to error 704
Instance terminated by USER, pid = 7046
ORA-1092 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE OPEN...

在ORACL 11.2的版本中,同样的方法无法重新该错误,数据库依然能够正常打开,所以如果要测试的朋友请选择11G以下版本进行.

dul 10支持oracle 11g r2

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以前一直以为dul对应的版本只能恢复最高的数据库版本一致,今天测试发现dul 10可以恢复11g最新版的数据库.
模拟环境

SQL> select * from v$version;

BANNER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
PL/SQL Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
CORE    11.2.0.3.0      Production
TNS for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
NLSRTL Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production

SQL> select to_char(sysdate,'yyyy-mm-dd hh:mi:ss') "WWW.XIFENFEI.COM" FROM DUAL;

WWW.XIFENFEI.COM
-------------------
2012-08-04 12:49:29

SQL> create table t_xifenfei 
  2  as
  3  select * from dba_objects;

Table created.

SQL> select count(*) from t_xifenfei;

  COUNT(*)
----------
     74491

SQL> alter system checkpoint;

System altered.

SQL> /

System altered.

dul 参数配置

[oracle@xifenfei dul]$ more init.dul 
osd_big_endian_flag=false
osd_dba_file_bits=10
osd_c_struct_alignment=32
osd_file_leader_size=0
osd_word_size = 32
dc_columns=2000000
dc_tables=10000
dc_objects=1000000
dc_users=400
dc_segments=100000
control_file = control11.dul
db_block_size=8192
export_mode=false
compatible=11
BUFFER=10000000
LDR_ENCLOSE_CHAR=|

[oracle@xifenfei dul]$ more control11.dul 
         0          1 /u01/oracle/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf
         1          2 /u01/oracle/oradata/ora11g/sysaux01.dbf
         2          3 /u01/oracle/oradata/ora11g/undotbs01.dbf
         4          4 /u01/oracle/oradata/ora11g/users01.dbf

dul恢复11g数据库

[oracle@xifenfei dul]$ ./dul10

Data UnLoader: 10.2.0.5.13 - Internal Only - on Sat Aug  4 00:36:15 2012
with 64-bit io functions

Copyright (c) 1994 2012 Bernard van Duijnen All rights reserved.

 Strictly Oracle Internal Use Only


DUL: Warning: Recreating file "dul.log"
Found db_id = 4185048347
Found db_name = ORA11G
DUL>  bootstrap;
Probing file = 1, block = 520
. unloading table                BOOTSTRAP$
DUL: Warning: block number is non zero but marked deferred trying to process it anyhow
      60 rows unloaded
DUL: Warning: Dictionary cache DC_BOOTSTRAP is empty
Reading BOOTSTRAP.dat 60 entries loaded
Parsing Bootstrap$ contents
Generating dict.ddl for version 11
 OBJ$: segobjno 18, file 1 block 240
 TAB$: segobjno 2, tabno 1, file 1  block 144
 COL$: segobjno 2, tabno 5, file 1  block 144
 USER$: segobjno 10, tabno 1, file 1  block 208
Running generated file "@dict.ddl" to unload the dictionary tables
. unloading table                      OBJ$   74493 rows unloaded
. unloading table                      TAB$    2858 rows unloaded
. unloading table                      COL$   93503 rows unloaded
. unloading table                     USER$      88 rows unloaded
Reading USER.dat 88 entries loaded
Reading OBJ.dat 74493 entries loaded and sorted 74493 entries
Reading TAB.dat 2858 entries loaded
Reading COL.dat 93503 entries loaded and sorted 93503 entries
Reading BOOTSTRAP.dat 60 entries loaded

DUL: Warning: Recreating file "dict.ddl"
Generating dict.ddl for version 11
 OBJ$: segobjno 18, file 1 block 240
 TAB$: segobjno 2, tabno 1, file 1  block 144
 COL$: segobjno 2, tabno 5, file 1  block 144
 USER$: segobjno 10, tabno 1, file 1  block 208
 TABPART$: segobjno 568, file 1 block 3872
 INDPART$: segobjno 573, file 1 block 3912
 TABCOMPART$: segobjno 590, file 1 block 4056
 INDCOMPART$: segobjno 595, file 1 block 4096
 TABSUBPART$: segobjno 580, file 1 block 3976
 INDSUBPART$: segobjno 585, file 1 block 4016
 IND$: segobjno 2, tabno 3, file 1  block 144
 ICOL$: segobjno 2, tabno 4, file 1  block 144
 LOB$: segobjno 2, tabno 6, file 1  block 144
 COLTYPE$: segobjno 2, tabno 7, file 1  block 144
 TYPE$: segobjno 495, tabno 1, file 1  block 3344
 COLLECTION$: segobjno 495, tabno 2, file 1  block 3344
 ATTRIBUTE$: segobjno 495, tabno 3, file 1  block 3344
 LOBFRAG$: segobjno 601, file 1 block 4144
 LOBCOMPPART$: segobjno 604, file 1 block 4168
 UNDO$: segobjno 15, file 1 block 224
 TS$: segobjno 6, tabno 2, file 1  block 176
 PROPS$: segobjno 98, file 1 block 800
Running generated file "@dict.ddl" to unload the dictionary tables
. unloading table                      OBJ$
DUL: Warning: Recreating file "OBJ.ctl"
   74493 rows unloaded
. unloading table                      TAB$
DUL: Warning: Recreating file "TAB.ctl"
    2858 rows unloaded
. unloading table                      COL$
DUL: Warning: Recreating file "COL.ctl"
   93503 rows unloaded
. unloading table                     USER$
DUL: Warning: Recreating file "USER.ctl"
      88 rows unloaded
. unloading table                  TABPART$      90 rows unloaded
. unloading table                  INDPART$     106 rows unloaded
. unloading table               TABCOMPART$       1 row  unloaded
. unloading table               INDCOMPART$       0 rows unloaded
. unloading table               TABSUBPART$      32 rows unloaded
. unloading table               INDSUBPART$       0 rows unloaded
. unloading table                      IND$    5092 rows unloaded
. unloading table                     ICOL$    7518 rows unloaded
. unloading table                      LOB$    1251 rows unloaded
. unloading table                  COLTYPE$    2967 rows unloaded
. unloading table                     TYPE$    2872 rows unloaded
. unloading table               COLLECTION$     985 rows unloaded
. unloading table                ATTRIBUTE$   11127 rows unloaded
. unloading table                  LOBFRAG$       1 row  unloaded
. unloading table              LOBCOMPPART$       0 rows unloaded
. unloading table                     UNDO$      21 rows unloaded
. unloading table                       TS$       6 rows unloaded
. unloading table                    PROPS$      36 rows unloaded
Reading USER.dat 88 entries loaded
Reading OBJ.dat 74493 entries loaded and sorted 74493 entries
Reading TAB.dat 2858 entries loaded
Reading COL.dat 93503 entries loaded and sorted 93503 entries
Reading TABPART.dat 90 entries loaded and sorted 90 entries
Reading TABCOMPART.dat 1 entries loaded and sorted 1 entries
Reading TABSUBPART.dat 32 entries loaded and sorted 32 entries
Reading INDPART.dat 106 entries loaded and sorted 106 entries
Reading INDCOMPART.dat 0 entries loaded and sorted 0 entries
Reading INDSUBPART.dat 0 entries loaded and sorted 0 entries
Reading IND.dat 5092 entries loaded
Reading LOB.dat
DUL: Warning: Increased the size of DC_LOBS from 1024 to 8192 entries
 1251 entries loaded
Reading ICOL.dat 7518 entries loaded
Reading COLTYPE.dat 2967 entries loaded
Reading TYPE.dat 2872 entries loaded
Reading ATTRIBUTE.dat 11127 entries loaded
Reading COLLECTION.dat 985 entries loaded
Reading BOOTSTRAP.dat 60 entries loaded
Reading LOBFRAG.dat 1 entries loaded and sorted 1 entries
Reading LOBCOMPPART.dat 0 entries loaded and sorted 0 entries
Reading UNDO.dat 21 entries loaded
Reading TS.dat 6 entries loaded
Reading PROPS.dat 36 entries loaded
Database character set is ZHS16GBK
Database national character set is AL16UTF16
DUL> desc chf.t_xifenfei;
Table CHF.T_XIFENFEI
obj#= 75562, dataobj#= 75562, ts#= 4, file#= 4, block#=170
      tab#= 0, segcols= 15, clucols= 0
Column information:
icol# 01 segcol# 01        OWNER len   30 type  1 VARCHAR2 cs 852(ZHS16GBK)
icol# 02 segcol# 02  OBJECT_NAME len  128 type  1 VARCHAR2 cs 852(ZHS16GBK)
icol# 03 segcol# 03 SUBOBJECT_NAME len   30 type  1 VARCHAR2 cs 852(ZHS16GBK)
icol# 04 segcol# 04    OBJECT_ID len   22 type  2 NUMBER(0,-127)
icol# 05 segcol# 05 DATA_OBJECT_ID len   22 type  2 NUMBER(0,-127)
icol# 06 segcol# 06  OBJECT_TYPE len   19 type  1 VARCHAR2 cs 852(ZHS16GBK)
icol# 07 segcol# 07      CREATED len    7 type 12 DATE
icol# 08 segcol# 08 LAST_DDL_TIME len    7 type 12 DATE
icol# 09 segcol# 09    TIMESTAMP len   19 type  1 VARCHAR2 cs 852(ZHS16GBK)
icol# 10 segcol# 10       STATUS len    7 type  1 VARCHAR2 cs 852(ZHS16GBK)
icol# 11 segcol# 11    TEMPORARY len    1 type  1 VARCHAR2 cs 852(ZHS16GBK)
icol# 12 segcol# 12    GENERATED len    1 type  1 VARCHAR2 cs 852(ZHS16GBK)
icol# 13 segcol# 13    SECONDARY len    1 type  1 VARCHAR2 cs 852(ZHS16GBK)
icol# 14 segcol# 14    NAMESPACE len   22 type  2 NUMBER(0,-127)
icol# 15 segcol# 15 EDITION_NAME len   30 type  1 VARCHAR2 cs 852(ZHS16GBK)
DUL> unload table chf.t_xifenfei;
. unloading table                T_XIFENFEI   74491 rows unloaded

通过一些列的dul 10测试,发现dul 10功能确实较9强大了很多.支持asm,支持11g,支持字符串换行+lob类型

kill oracle session相关描述

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近期看到不少朋友都对kill session相关的参数不太熟悉,下面是摘自Oracle® Database SQL Reference

语法参考

DISCONNECT SESSION Clause

Use the DISCONNECT SESSION clause to disconnect the current session by destroying the dedicated server process 
(or virtual circuit if the connection was made by way of a Shared Sever). 
To use this clause, your instance must have the database open. 
You must identify the session with both of the following values from the V$SESSION view:
•	For integer1, specify the value of the SID column.
•	For integer2, specify the value of the SERIAL# column.
If system parameters are appropriately configured, then application failover will take effect.
•	The POST_TRANSACTION setting allows ongoing transactions to complete before the session is disconnected.
        If the session has no ongoing transactions, then this clause has the same effect described for as KILL SESSION.
•	The IMMEDIATE setting disconnects the session and recovers the entire session state immediately, 
        without waiting for ongoing transactions to complete.
o	If you also specify POST_TRANSACTION and the session has ongoing transactions, then the IMMEDIATE keyword is ignored.
o	If you do not specify POST_TRANSACTION, or you specify POST_TRANSACTION but the session has no ongoing transactions, 
        then this clause has the same effect as described for KILL SESSION IMMEDIATE.

KILL SESSION Clause

The KILL SESSION clause lets you mark a session as terminated, roll back ongoing transactions, 
release all session locks, and partially recover session resources. 
To use this clause, your instance must have the database open. 
Your session and the session to be terminated must be on the same instance unless you specify integer3.
You must identify the session with the following values from the V$SESSION view:
•	For integer1, specify the value of the SID column.
•	For integer2, specify the value of the SERIAL# column.
•	For the optional integer3, specify the ID of the instance where the target session to be killed exists.
        You can find the instance ID by querying the GV$ tables.
If the session is performing some activity that must be completed, 
such as waiting for a reply from a remote database or rolling back a transaction, 
then Oracle Database waits for this activity to complete, marks the session as terminated, 
and then returns control to you. 
If the waiting lasts a minute, then Oracle Database marks the session to be terminated 
and returns control to you with a message that the session is marked to be terminated. 
The PMON background process then marks the session as terminated when the activity is complete.
Whether or not the session has an ongoing transaction, Oracle Database does not recover 
the entire session state until the session user issues a request to the session 
and receives a message that the session has been terminated.
IMMEDIATE Specify IMMEDIATE to instruct Oracle Database to roll back ongoing transactions, 
release all session locks, recover the entire session state, and return control to you immediately.

执行案例

--Oracle 级别kill
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM KILL SESSION 'sid,serial#';
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM KILL SESSION 'sid,serial#,@inst_id';
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM KILL SESSION 'sid,serial#' IMMEDIATE;
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM DISCONNECT SESSION 'sid,serial#' POST_TRANSACTION;
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM DISCONNECT SESSION 'sid,serial#' IMMEDIATE;

--Linux/Unix kill
kill -9 spid

--Windows kill
orakill ORACLE_SID spid